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A Geographical Analysis of Occupational Structure in Nagapattinam District,

Tamil Nadu

Article · October 2018

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 Volume-03 ISSN: 2455-3085 (Online)
Issue-10 RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary
October-2018 www.rrjournals.com [UGC Listed Journal]

A Geographical Analysis of Occupational Structure in Nagapattinam District,

Tamil Nadu
*1 2 3 4
K. Karthikesan, Dr. V. Emayavaramban, K. Kannadasan & S Vinothkanna
1
Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai (India)
2
Professor, Department of Geography, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai (India)
3,4
Guest Lecturer, Department of Geography, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai (India)

ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT

Article History The earth surface has different inhabitants. Man is one of the important inhabitants in the
Published Online: 10 October 2018 development of any kind of activities in various forms of earth surface.. The development of
human civilization the work based communities are originated. Demographic study’s is
Keywords much studied phenomenon now a day due to its importance that has been given by
Laborers, Total main Workers, researchers throughout the world and in India. The population study can plays in many
Marginal, Cultivators, Statistics, GIS roles. For this in case of population censuses both main workers and marginal workers are
* considered while in case of NSSO (national sample survey organization) employment-
Corresponding Author
unemployment surveys, both the principal and subsidiary activity status are to be taken into
Email: kesangroups[at]gmail.com
consideration and there was not much variation between the proportions of elderly persons
working as obtained from these two sources for almost all the population categories. The
occupational pattern has the important aspects, not only in economic context but in
geographic perspective also. The area taken for this study is Nagapattinam district in Tamil
nadu. In this analysis the main workers population is considered and again this is sub
divided into agricultural laborers, cultivators, household industrial workers and other
workers. From the analysis it is identified that the household industrial laborers and other
workers share is low compared to the state share. The share of cultivators and agricultural
laborers and Marginal workers comparatively low to the state proportion. The result of the
analysis is brought out through maps and is prepared by using arc GIS platform.

1. Introduction “The name of the function which a person performs by

engaging himself in that particular branch of gainful economic
The occupational structure of population forms an
activity which is his industry”. The term occupation structure
important component of human resource assessment. The
indicates the unitary relationship pattern of the three
proportion of people gainfully employed in economic activity
occupational components of the working population. These
and the share of different occupational groups in the total
components include primary, secondary and tertiary activities
employment are of vital importance in development planning.
of urban settlements. (Kadam, P. B and Rathod, S.B (2013).
Workers may simply be defined as participation in any
Working force is the economically active part of the population
economically production may be physical or mental in nature.
engaged in the production of goods and services. The other
Work involves not only actual work bit also effective
part is of economically non-active category called non-workers.
supervision and direction of work. in this tern workers denotes
The size and spatial pattern of the working force International
the total main workers and marginal workers.
Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology
(www.ijsrst.com) 140 provides the basis for discussing
A population census is the major source of data. A
occupational structure (Ram Pratap Singh, 2015).
population census is of great relevance to the economics,
political and socio-cultural planning of a country. Reliable and
2. Data Base and Methodology
detailed data on the size, distribution and socio-economic and
demographic characteristics of a country’s population is The base map has been prepared by using Survey of India
required for planning, policy intervention and monitoring of toposheet in the scale of 1:50000. The block map is collected
development goals (Census Enumerator’s Manual, 2006). from the Tamil Nadu government web GIS portal and Census
Occupation is a very significant social attribute of population. of India statistical handbook of Nagapattinam district then geo-
Occupational structure plays an important role in a diversity of referenced and converted into vector format by using GIS
studies, including those related to the level of economic software. The data regarding the occupational characteristics
development and social inequalities. Since occupation reflects are collected from the census of India 2011. The simple
the individual’s position in a technical division of labor, it is statistical technique has been applied and the results are
taken to be a central determinant of current and future brought down cartographically by using Arc GIS.
economic opportunities in modern societies (Mills, 1956; Rose
and Pevallin, 2001). 3. Aim and Objective

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 Volume-03, Issue-10, October-2018 RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary

The main aim of the study is to study the spatial pattern of Nagapattinam is a coastal district situated on the eastern
the occupational characters in the Rasipuram block. To side of Tamil Nadu. The district lies on the east coast to the
achieve this aim following objectives are adopted. south of Cuddalore district and another part of the
1. To identify the spatial Structure in work participation Nagapattinam district lies to the south of Karaikkal and
rate in the block. Tiruvarur districts. This district lies on the shores of the Bay of
2. To analyze the different occupational characters in the Bengal between 10°35' and 11°25' North latitudes and 79°35'
block. and 79°50' East longitudes. The district town spreads over an
area of 2715.83 sq. km. It is one of the richest regions of
4. Study Area biodiversity in the country. The district which is divided into
eight taluks, namely, Sirkali, Mayiladurthurai, Tharangambadi,
Nagapattinam, Kilvelur, Thirukkuvalali, Vedaranyam, and
Kuthalam. Administratively Nagapattinam district has 11 blocks
and 519 panchayat villages.The major rivers flowing in the
Nagapattinam district are Cauvery and kollidam. The major
crops found in this district are sugarcane, Coconut, Paddy,
Cotton, Blackgram, Sugarcane, Cotton, Groundnut, Gingelly,
Vegetables and Greengram. The block is characterised by sub-
tropical climate with moderate temperature. The average
maximum temperature of the district as a whole is about 32°C
and the average minimum temperature is 24.6°C. The
Southwest winds sets in during April, it is strongest in June and
continues till.

5. Results and Discussion

In this present analysis I have included all the aspects of
occupational characters found in Nagapattinam district to study
the urban and rural differences over the study area.

Figure-1

Table -1: Nagapattinam District –Work Participation Rate & Occupational Structure (In %)-2011
TOTAL
HOUSEHOLD MARGINAL
NAGAPATTINAM MAIN CULTIVATORS AGRICULTURAL OTHERWORKER
S.NO INDUSTRY WORKERS
BLOCK WORKERS % LABOURES % %
WORKERS % %
%
1 NAGAPATTINAM 70.98 2.99 11.41 0.59 14.65 11.65
2 KEELAIYUR 77.19 4.90 16.76 0.36 7.42 18.27
3 KILVELUR 85.67 4.16 25.49 0.46 7.60 10.21
4 THIRUMARUGAL 79.11 3.85 20.74 0.55 9.05 10.68
5 THALAINAYAR 67.48 4.03 17.60 0.37 6.48 20.41
6 VEDARNYAM 65.14 8.01 13.48 0.29 7.33 14.57
7 MAYILADUTHURAI 71.33 3.28 14.94 0.57 10.34 13.04
8 KUTHALAM 75.33 5.00 19.34 0.50 9.28 7.05
9 SEMBANARKOIL 73.85 2.74 15.98 0.41 12.03 11.50
10 SIRKALI 71.74 2.88 14.89 0.46 10.78 13.68
11 KOLLIDAM 71.13 2.86 14.26 0.51 11.21 13.39
DISTRICT TOTAL 72.92 4.03 16.31 0.46 9.95 12.73
Source: Compiled by Investigator from2011census report, Nagapattinam District

5.1 Total Main Workers Nagapattinam district as a whole (72.92%) of the total
A Person is considered as a main worker or full time population are engaged in various kinds of fishing and
worker if he/she had for a minimum of 183 day or more. economy based activities. it may be worth noting that
However, the work participation rate varies from one block. Nagapattinam district has a higher work participation rate than

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 Volume-03, Issue-10, October-2018 RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary

Tamil nadu as a whole (38.7%).within Nagapattinam district. block (67.48%) and Vedarnyam block (65.14%) has a
Kilvelur block (85.67%) and have higher work participation comparatively minimum share of (less than 70%) in work
(more than 79%) which is clearly shown in (fig.1.2).The participation as per 2011 census (table.1).the total main
Thirumarugal block (79.11%) Keelaiyur block workers is further subdivided into 4 major categories. The four
(77.19%),Kuthalam block (75.33%),Sembanarkoil block main occupational groups taken for the present study are
(73.85%),Sirkali(71.74%),Mailaduthurai (71.33%),Kollidam Cultivators, Agricultural laborers, Household industrial workers
(71.13%)and Nagapattinam block (70.98%)have a moderate and other workers.
share and almost equal to the district average. Thalainayar

Figure-2

5.2 Cultivators The average shale of cultivators to the total main workers is
A Person is considered as cultivator, if he/she is engaged about (4.03%) for the district as a whole. It is comparatively
in cultivation of land owned or taken on lease from government lower than the hare of cultivators to the main workers for Tamil
or from private persons of institutions for payment in money. Nadu state (12.9%). The have high share of cultivators in in

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Vedarnyam Block (8.01%). while a medium share Kuthalam (2.88%), Kollidam (2.86%), Sembenarkoll, (2.74%) All other
(5.0%), Keelalyur (4.90%), Kilvelur (4.16%), Thalalnayar blocks in the district have considerable share of population to
(40.3%) Thirnmarugal (3.85%) and Mayiladuthurai (3.28%).The the district.
lowest cultivators in blocks Nagapattinam (2.99%), Sirkali

Figure-3

5.3 Agricultural Labourer land for wages. Agricultural laboruers have no right or contract
A Person who workers on another person’s land for on land on which he/she workers. In general the proportion of
wages, kind or share should be considered as agricultural workers engaged as agricultural labourers for the district as a
worker or labourer. He/ She merely works on another Person’s whole is (16.31%) in Tamil Nadu State the Agricultural workers

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 Volume-03, Issue-10, October-2018 RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary

category has a share of only 29.2. This indicates that in the The average share of house hold industry workers in the
district agricultural based activities are high Kilvelur district is 0.46%, whereas Tamil Nadu State average is 4.2%
(25.49%),Thirumarugal (20.74),kuthalam(19.34%),Thalainayar as per roll census. The household industrial worker is high
(17.60%),Keelalyur (16.76%).while a medium share Nagapattinam block (0.59%), Mayiladuthurai (0.57%),
Sembanarkoil (15.98%), Mayiladuthurai (14.94%), Sirkali Thirmarugal (0.55%) and Kollidam (0.51%). They have a
(14.89%), Kollidam (14.26%),Vedarnyam (13.48%).(11.41%) medium household industrial worker in Kuthalam (0.50%),
Nagapattinam blocks the lowest is because Nagapattinam is Kilvelur (0.46%), Sirkali (0.46%), Sembanarkoil (0.41%),
the headquarters for the district. Thalainayar (0.37%) and keelaiyur (0.36%). The lowest share
is noticed Vedarnyam (0.29%). This is mainly because of fisher
5.4 Household Industrial Workers industries and Shrimp Farming for which this block is very
The proportion of workers engaged in household industry farmhouse.
has the least share of occupational structure of the district.

Figure-4 Figure-5

5.5 Other Worker

Other workers include the workers engaged not only in in Thalalnayar (6.48) because the block is basically rurd in
trade and commerce, transport, administration storage nature and Keelaiyar (7.42), Kilvelur (7.60), Thirumarugal
activities. These types of work are basically more in urban (9.05), Vedarnyam (7.33), Mayiladuthurai (10.34), Kuthalam
areas, the average share of other workers category is about (9.28), Sembankoll (12.03), Sirkali(10.78), Kollidam (11.21), all
(9.95%) for the district, which is lower than the state average of other blocks in district are found between the shares of this
53.7%. There other workers category are concentrated more workers.
in (14.65%). Nagapattinam blocks the lowest share is noticed

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5.6 Marginal Workers 6. Conclusion

A person is considered as marginal worker, if he/she had The proportion of main workers population in the district is
worked for a maximum of six months (183 days) or less.in higher than the state proportion. The average share of
Tamil nadu state the average share of marginal workers cultivators to the total main workers and agricultural labourers
category is 15% while in Nagapattinam district marginal is about 4.03 % and 16.31%respectively which is higher than
workers participations only (12.73%). Thalainayar (20.41%), the state average. The average share of house hold industry
Keelaiyur (18.27%), Sirkali (13.68%), Kollidam (13.39%), workers in the district is 0.46% and other workers participation
Mayiladuthurai (13.04%) and blocks in the comparatively rate is 9.95% when considering to the state proportion
higher share than other blocks. The have a medium marginal household industry workers and other workers rate are
worker in the Nagapattinam (11.65%), Sembanarkoil (11.50%), comparatively lower than the state average. Marginal workers
Thirumarugal (10.68%), Kilvelur (10.21%) and Kuthalam in the district 12.73%. This kind of occupational structure
(7.05%) block have low than marginal workers category analysis will bring a clear picture about the area and it will be
(fig.1.7) shows that the northwestern parts Nagapattinam helpful for the government to take necessary steps to initiate
(11.65%) have a moderate share in this category. primary, secondary and tertiary activities where ever it is
possible. GIS play a major role to provide solution to this kind
of analysis.

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