ARC531 Technical Installation 7

Finishing Materials1

Dr. Maged Aboul-ela

Eng. Moamen

ASSIGMENT 2

Lighting Design

Myrna Sobhi Yacoub

51910625
1-Lighting Definition:
Lighting is defined as electromagnetic energy in the visible range that can stimulate the
human visual system and cause a visual sensation. Light is a wave-like kind of energy that
may be characterized as both a particle (photon) and a wave (electromagnetic radiation).
Light is essential in many scientific domains and applications. Here are a few important
characteristics of lighting in a scientific setting:

The visible light spectrum is the range of electromagnetic radiation wavelengths that
can be recognized by the human eye. It ranges between 400 and 700 nanometers
(nm). the wavelengths in this spectrum correspond to the colors we see. (Picture 1)
Absorption and emission spectra: Light can be absorbed or emitted when it interacts
with materials. This interaction produces different patterns in the spectrum of dark lines
(absorption lines) or brilliant lines (emission lines). (Picture 2)
Speed ​o f light: Light travels at a constant speed in a vacuum, known as the speed of
light, and is about 299,792 kilometers per second (km/s).
Frequency: refers to the number of waves that pass through a point in space during a
given period of time, usually one second. It is measured in units of cycles per second,
or hertz (Hz).(Picture 3)
Wave length: refers to the distance between similar points (such as adjacent peaks or
troughs) in successive cycles. Wavelength is inversely related to wave frequency,
which means that higher frequency waves have shorter wavelengths. (Picture 4)

(Picture 1)

(Picture 2) (Picture 3)

(Picture 4)

Lighting Design
Lighting Definition
Photometric quantities
Photometric quantities are measurements used to describe light in terms of its perceived
brightness to the human eye. These quantities are distinct from radiometric quantities,
which describe light in terms of its physical properties. Here are some common
photometric quantities:
1. Luminous Flux: Luminous flux (symbol: Φv) is the basic photometric quantity that
describes the total amount of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a source, weighted
by the spectral sensitivity of the human eye. It is measured in lumens (lm) and
represents the overall brightness of a light source
2. lluminance: Illuminance (symbol: E) is a measure of the amount of luminous flux incident
on a surface per unit area. It is commonly measured in lux (lx), which is equal to one
lumen per square meter. Illuminance quantifies the level of brightness or light intensity
at a given point on a surface.
3. Luminous Intensity: Luminous intensity (symbol: Iv) is a photometric quantity that
represents the light intensity of a source in a particular direction. It is measured in
candelas (cd) and describes the amount of light emitted per solid angle in a specific
direction.
4. Luminance: Luminance (symbol: Lv) is a measure of the brightness of a surface or an
object. It describes the amount of light reflected or emitted by a surface per unit area
and per unit solid angle. Luminance is measured in candelas per square meter (cd/m²)
and is commonly used to characterize the brightness of displays, signs, and other visual
elements.

(Picture 5)

Lighting Design
Photometric quantities
2-Types of bulbs
1. Incandescent bulbs: These are vintage lamps with tungsten filaments. It has a pleasing
appearance yet holds 95% of the energy of the bulb. More than lights, it is utilized to
generate heat. Furthermore, because its lifespan is so limited, it is best to avoid
purchasing this bulb.(Picture 6)
2. Halogen bulbs: are 30% more efficient than incandescent lamps and can last up to three
years. They are visually appealing ornamental bulbs. Because its lighting is not as clear
as that of sunlight, use it to illuminate a specific area of the space or as decorative
lighting. In restaurants, a cool and stylish coat, but also utilised as a general reading
resource. (Picture 7)
3. Fluorescent bulbs: are 75% more efficient than incandescent lamps and have a longer
service life, however they lack visual appeal. (Picture 8)
4. LED bulbs: These are the ideal types of bulbs if you want high light intensity with an
elegant appearance that does not detract from your home design. It is 80% more
efficient than incandescent lights and has a longer lifespan than previous generations.
(Picture 9)
5. CFL bulb: (compact fluorescent lamp) consists of a fluorescent coated glass tube filled
with mercury vapour and gas. When electricity passes through the tube, invisible
ultraviolet light is emitted, reacting with the fluorescent coating to produce visible
white light.
(Picture 6) Incandescent Lamp (Picture 7) Osram 64210 H7 499
Lighting Warm white light 12V Original Line Halogen Bulbs
Brand Name Other Brand Name OSRAM
Light Type Incandescent Light Source Halogen
Special Features Dimmable Brightness 1500 Lumen
Bulb Base E14 Wattage 55 watts
Light Color Warm White Color Clear
Color Temperature 2700 Kelvin Voltage 12 Volts
Brightness 200 Lumen Operating Life 550 Hours
Item Shape Candle
Material Glass

(Picture 8) Philips Softone (Picture 9) PHILIPS E27 LED Bulb

Compact Fluorescent Candle E14 (6500K White, 9W, 3 Pieces)
Small Edison Screw Light Bulb‫ز‬ Brand Name PHILIPS
Brand Name PHILIPS Light Type LED
Light Type Fluorescent Special Features Power Saving
Wattage 8 watts Wattage 9 watts
Bulb Base E14 Bulb Shape Size A15
Light Color Yellow Bulb Base E27
Unit Count 50 Grams Light Color White
Color Temperature 3000 Kelvin Voltage 230 Volts
Brightness 10000 Lumen Color Temperature 6500 Kelvin

(Picture 9) PHILIPS CFL Bulbs (4,8 Watt)

Brand Name PHILIPS
Light Type CFL
Item Shape Spiral
Wattage 8 watts
Bulb Shape Size A15
Bulb Base E27
Light Color White
Voltage 230 Volts
Color Temperature 2700 Kelvin

Lighting Design
Types of bulbs
 (Picture 10) shows deferent wat in bulbs

(Picture 11) shows the deference between

Incandescent, Halogen, Fluorescent and
LED bulbs

(Picture 12) bulbs Temperature

(Picture 13) bulbs shapes

Lighting Design
Types of bulbs
3-Illumination curves
is a visual representation of the light diffused by a luminaire. This graph tries to transpose
a three-dimensional concept (the light diffusion of a lamp or fixture in a space) onto a
two-dimensional medium (a sheet of paper or a computer screen).

Symmetrical light distribution Asymmetrical light distribution

The light distribution curve Additional examples

values
DeltaLight Reo Flos Glo-Ball

Modular Lighting Duell Flos Miss K

Illumination curves

Lighting Design
Illumination curves
3-Illumination curves

Lighting Design
Illumination curves
References

https://www.image-
engineering.de/library/technotes/747-common-
photometric-quantities-and-units

https://www.superiorlighting.com/lighting-
resources/light-bulb-learning-center/bulb-
reference-guide/

https://sites.ecse.rpi.edu/~schubert/Light-Emitting-
Diodes-dot-org/Sample-Chapter.pdf
https://www.amazon.eg/-/en/Filament-Dimmable-
Replace-Incandescent-
Lighting/dp/B091D2W7DX/ref=sr_1_7?
crid=3L1KV4C6YHGUS&keywords=Incandescent
+bulbs&qid=1699361708&sprefix=incandescent+
bulbs%252Caps%252C128&sr=8-7

https://iarc.uncg.edu/elight/learn/design/lc
_sub/photodis.html

Lighting Design
References