MODUL 1.

Characteristic

No. Casual / Informal Formal

1. being spontaneous, personal, and direct and use more guarded, polite ( it follows the standars of
of idiomatic, colloquialism ( ungkapan2 dari kata English Grammar ) and avoid contractions (causal
lain ), and slang words words)

2. used in everyday life or used in for between serious situations, it is used inf formal setting such
friends and family members. as business meetings, public speeches, job
interviews, academic writing, and professional
communication

3. In tends to be simpler and shorter in length In tends to be long in length or it is not

improvised and prepared ahead of time

B.INGGRIS

The ways to estabilish casual conversations and talk :

Berikut ini adalah cara-cara untuk menjalin percakapan dan pembicaraan santai :
- Ask open-ended question ( Ajukan pertanyaan terbuka )
- Give more inviting question (Berikan pertanyaan yang lebih mengundang )
- Choose the recommended topic (Pilih topik yang direkomendasikan)
- Choose topics beyond personal matters and controversial issues, (Pilihlah topik di luar hal-hal
pribadi dan isu-isu kontroversial)
- Give the interlocutor the opportunity to engage in conversation , ( Berikan lawan bicara kesempatan
untuk terlibat dalam percakapan )
- Keep a balance between asking questions and responding. (Jaga keseimbangan antara pertanyaan
dan merespon.)
Perbedaan dalam Kata2 Bahasa

No. Casual / Informal Formal

1 I’d like to introduce my self I would like to introduce myself

2 make up , blow up , keep , let , get, find out, Fabricate, Explode, Retain, Permit , Obtain,
Put in,…. Discover, Remove,….
3 the secretary I talked to yesterday was very the secretary whom I talked to yesterday was
rude very rude
4. Went to bandung for the weekend. Lots to tell We went to bandung for the weekend. We have a
you lot of things to tell you
5. talking to neighbors, talking to strangers, joining attending gala dinner, writing memos, writing
family gathering, writing birthday invitation card, an email correspondence, presenting at
… symposium
 Klise dan pengertian,

common cliches to describe time

( klise umum untuk menggambarkan
waktu ),

Describe People ( menggamabrkan

manusia ),

Describe Sentiments
(menggambarkan sentiment )

Menurut Jacob Morgan There are five types of organizational structures in

companies:

- Traditional hierarchy : relies on one-way communication, flowing from top to bottom, and
can hinder innovation, engagement, and collaboration. ( it manage the employees in a big
number / to extend the size of the company ).
- Flatter organizations : practical, logical, and scalable, allowing for collaboration and
multiple communication channels.
- Flat organizations : treat everyone as equals and encourage individual responsibility,
creativity, and competition. ( it establishes better communication among individuals )
- Flatarchies : combine elements of both flat and hierarchical structures, offering flexibility
and innovation. ( it allows employees to propose ideas and get them funded )
- Holacratic organizations : for equal distribution in decision-making and utilize circle-based
or department-based structures.
 Modul . 2 Common departments in a company include :
- The chairman is the head of the company and may have different responsibilities based on
whether the company is private or public.
- The Director Manager / Chief executibe Officer CEO : responsible for running the
company, implementing strategies, monitoring progress, and reporting to the chairperson.
- The finance department : led by the director of finance, ensures that company expenses
do not exceed revenue and handles pricing, tax payments, and other financial matters.
- The marketing department : led by the marketing director, is responsible for sales,
presentations, advertising, training, public relations, and achieving company targets.
- The production department: led by the production director, is responsible for the
production of products or services, ensuring quantity and quality, and reporting to the CEO.
By ( Oleh ), next to ( Di sebelah ), beside ( di samping ), near ( dekat ), between (di antara ),
behind ( di belakang), in front of (di depan), under (di bawah), below (bawah), over
(selama), above (di atas ), across (di sebrang ), through (melalui), towards (terhadap), from
(dari).
Penyataan di bawah ini untuk membantu membuat sebuah Kerangka Karangan
mendriskipsikan Tempat :

Introduction Paragraph: Middle Paragraph: Conclusion Paragraph:

Main introductory sentence Main introductory sentence Main introductory sentence
(perkenalan) connecting the first connecting to the previous
paragraph to this paragraph paragraph ( Kalimat Utama
( Kalimat Utama Pengantar pengantar dari pargraf
dari pargraf pertama ke sebelumnya )
paragraph ini )
Location of the office Elaborate on the details of Highlight notable aspects of
(Lokasi) the office/workspace the workspace ( Hal
 (Jelaskan detail tempat ) menonjol dari ruang kerja )
Feelings or impressions Feelings or impressions Feelings or impressions
about the office ( Kesan about the workspace. about the workspace.
mengenai kantor ) (Kesan mengenai ruang (Kesan mengenai ruang
kerja) kerja)

MODUL. 3 About EMAIL

Email is a concise message, namely a message written by someone in a short, clear, and easy
to understand way.
Email adalah pesan yang ringkas, yaitu pesan yang ditulis oleh seseorang dengan cara yang
singkat, jelas, dan mudah dipahami.
*Note : Fungsi BCC : Meneruskan Info ke Group lain
Contoh Email Lainya :

False True
- some bookstores are inserted in asking hello Shirley,
you to do a talk and signing event I was pleased to hear that you will be
- if so,please let me have some free dates back to jakarta again in November to hold
while you are over here your seminar on Digital Marketing. some
- l hope you will agree to take part bookstores are inserted in asking you to do
- I was pleased to hear that you will be backa talk and signing event.
to jakarta again in November to hold your l hope you will agree to take part. if
seminar on Digital Marketing so,please let me have some free dates
- see you soon while you are over here.
- I hope things are well with you I hope things are well with you.
- hello shirley See you soon.
Hi brian
- Thank you for help, Brian Some of the staff from your department
- However this responsibility was taken over are still bringing their petty cash vouchers
by martin in Accounts last month to me. However this responsibility was
- Please inform your staff that they should taken over by martin in Accounts last
deal with anna in future. month.
- Some of the staff from your department Please inform your staff that they should
are still bringing their petty cash vouchers deal with anna in future.
to me. Thank you for help, Brian
- Hi brian

Request a Respone / Meminta respon :

please let us know at your earliest let me know if you’re interested (Less
convenience ( Formal ) Informal)

Accepting an Invitation / Menerima Udnangan :

I would like that very much thank you Count me in! Thanks. ( Informal)
(Formal)

Declining an Invitation / Menolak undangan :

 We have other obligation, but thank you l'm sorry I can’t join you, but thanks for
for the invitation. (Formal) thinking of me. (Informal)

Giving Permission / Memberikan Ijin :

That should be fine. Thank you for Sure. That's fine. Thanks for asking first
requesting my permission (Formal) (Informal)

MEMO :
Memo can be an unofficial note or warning letter, a statement in diplomatic relations, a form
of communication containing suggestions, directions or memorandum.
Memo dapat berupa catatan tidak resmi atau surat peringatan, pernyataan dalam hubungan
diplomatik, bentuk komunikasi yang berisi saran, arahan atau memorandum.

Contoh Lain Memo :

Internal Memorandum
To : all productions staff
From : Andrea Natsky
Subject : Arthur Liem’s visit

This is to inform you that Arthur Liem, Product Manager at Micro Techno in Shanghai in here
for a six-week training visit.
Details of his schedule are attached. Please give him evey assistance possible.
Thank you.

Modul.4 Type of Communication Of Business by “ Carpenter (2014) “

Result-Oriented Communication (ROC):

o Type of business communication that motivates the recipient to take action. (Jenis
komunikasi bisnis yang memotivasi penerima untuk mengambil tindakan.)
o Instructions and guidelines are provided to accomplish something. ( Instruksi dan
pedoman disediakan untuk mencapai sesuatu.)
o Often used internally within a company.
o Example: Monthly memo outlining team objectives.

Informative Communication (IC):

o Type of communication aimed at informing the recipient or reader. (Jenis komunikasi
yang ditujukan untuk memberi tahu penerima atau pembaca.)
o Documentation must be explicit and clear to avoid misinterpretation and
miscommunication. (Dokumentasi harus eksplisit dan jelas untuk menghindari salah tafsir
dan miskomunikasi.)
o Examples: Email regarding policy changes, instructional manuals for specific
programs or equipment, announcements about organizational structural changes.

Negative Communication (NC):

o Used in situations where conveying negative feedback is necessary. (Digunakan
dalam situasi di mana menyampaikan umpan balik negatif diperlukan.)
o Skillful writing and careful planning are required. (Diperlukan penulisan yang terampil
dan perencanaan yang matang.)
o The tone should be firm but empathetic, and the information should be concise.
o Examples: Letters regarding layoffs or severance packages from the HR department,
customer complaint letters.

Persuasive Communication (PC):

o Communication aimed at convincing the recipient or reader about a particular issue.
(Komunikasi bertujuan meyakinkan penerima atau pembaca tentang masalah tertentu.)
o Contains strong and persuasive messages to make a positive impression.
(Berisi pesan yang kuat dan persuasif untuk membuat kesan positif.)
o Can influence the recipient's decision-making process.
o Examples: Government grant requests, partnership proposals, and others.

Dokumen-dokumen dalam bentuk kelompok Type od communication :

Result-Oriented (ROC) Informative ( IC ) Negative ( NC ) Persuasive ( PC )

- Memos - Manuals, Reports - Layoff - Proposal of

- Order Letters - Announcements and - Complain Letters Partnership
Letter of - Application of
Recommendation Grants

*Notes : Disadvantage of Business Writing : Time Consuming

Two elements to consider before writing business document : the objectives and the
audience of the documents
Accuracy refers to the use of correct language forms, includes: grammar, vocabulary, and
spelling.
Fluency encompasses the elements required by the writer to create a document : writing
speed, writing effort, and writing flow.
Effectiveness also pertains to the physical appearance of the writing : conciseness of
delivery, coherence and cohesion, and physical layout.
 Structure of Business Letters:

1) Letterhead: Contains company information and abbreviation (e.g., Ltd, Plc, Inc)
2) Company information: Includes address, phone number, fax, email, and website
3) Recipient: Name, title, department, company, and address
4) References: Your ref. and Our ref. for identifying and responding to correspondence
5) Date: Written in various formats, consistent within the letter
6) Salutation: Various forms based on the recipient's gender and familiarity
7) Body: Consists of one or more paragraphs explaining the purpose of the letter
8) Closing: Ending salutation based on the opening salutation
9) Signature block: Signature, printed name, and job title
10) Enclosures: Mentioned as "Enc" or "Encl" if any documents are attached
Letterhead:
 Indicates company type and ownership (e.g., Ltd, Plc, Inc, & co)
 Provides company address, phone, fax, email, and website
Recipient:
 Includes the recipient's name, title, department, company, and address
  Proper use of honorifics (Mr., Mrs., Ms., Messrs.) based on gender and marital status
 Mentioning recipient's job title, department, company, and address
References:
 Your ref.: Referring to the recipient's previous letter or correspondence
 Our ref.: Referring to the writer's previous letter or correspondence
Date:
 Written in different formats (day-month-year or month-day-year)
 Use of abbreviations (e.g., 26th October or October 26th) is optional but should be
consistent
Salutation:
 Various salutations based on recipient's gender and familiarity
 Examples: Dear Sir, Dear Sirs or Gentlemen, Dear Madam, Dear Sir or Madam, Dear
Mr./Mrs./Ms. [Last Name], Dear [First Name]
Body of the Letter:
 Includes the purpose, information, or request of the letter
 Can consist of one or more paragraphs, with the second paragraph explaining the
issue or request
Closing Salutation:
 Matches the opening salutation (Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely, Best wishes)
 Avoid outdated or rarely used phrases (e.g., We remain yours faithfully, Respectfully
yours)
 Placed on the left side aligned with the end of the letter
Signature Block:
 Includes a written signature, full name, and job title
Enclosures:
 Mentioned as "Enc" or "Encl" if any documents are attached

Modul .5 Enquiry Letter ( Surat Permintaan )

Length of the Letter:

 A business letter should be as long as necessary to convey the required information to the
recipient.
 A letter can be too short if it lacks essential points or fails to provide the expected
information, such as the date of the letter or sending the requested materials.
 A letter can be too long if it includes unnecessary details or uses wordy language that could
be simplified without compromising clarity.
 The ideal length of a letter is concise and straightforward, using simple and clear language to
address the specific points raised in the recipient's inquiry.

Too Short Example:

 The example provided is considered too short because it lacks important information such as
the date of the letter and the inclusion of the requested catalog.

Too Long Example:

  The example provided is considered too long and wordy as it includes unnecessary details
about the company's reputation, worldwide operations, and motto, which are unrelated to
the customer's inquiry.
 In business letter writing, it is important to be concise, using simple and clear language to
address the specific points raised by the customer.

The Right Length Example:

 The example provided demonstrates the appropriate length for a business letter.
 It includes necessary information such as thanking the recipient, enclosing the requested
catalog and price-list, highlighting specific product sections, and mentioning the company's
guarantee and reputation.
 The letter maintains a clear and concise tone, addressing the customer's inquiry and
providing the desired information.

Contoh Complain Letter :

Dear Sirs, Dear Sir or Madam,

On 15th december i bought one of your I'm writing to complain about your Tour
big ben alarm clocks from seiko head office 4592 Spain.
in Tokyo. The quality of the food in the hotel was
Unfortunately, I have been unable to get terrible and everybody in our group was
out of system to work and i'm very sick most of the time.
disappointed with my purchase. I would like to remind you that your
The manager of seiko’s has advised me to advertisement said “ superior hotels “.
return the clock to you for correction of the I really must insist, therefore, that you
fault. this is enclosed. refund at least 10 % of our money.
Please arrange for the clock to be put in If we do not receive adequate
full working order and return it to me as compensation I will be forced to write to
soon as possible. the local newspaper.

Your Faithfully, Your Faithfully,

XXXX XXXX

Structure Complain Letter :

- Pembukaan , Kekecawaan , Penjelasanya kecewa, Kompensasi / perbaikan, Ancaman.

Present Perfect Tense

(+) Subject + has/have + been + verb 3 (Past Participle) + object

(-) Subject + has/have + not + been + verb 3 (Past Participle) + object
(?) Has/have + subject + been + verb 3 (Past Participle) + object?
 Simple Past Tense
Dalam Aktif Dalam Pasif
+ Subject + Verb 2 Subject + was/were + Complement
- Subject + did + not + Verb 1 Subject + was/were + not + Complement
? Did + subject + Verb 1 + ? Was/were + Subject + Complement + ?
Modul.6 Letter Of Appreciate

Common expressions of gratitude and thanks used in business thank-you letters include:
Ungkapan terima kasih dan terima kasih yang umum digunakan dalam surat terima kasih bisnis
meliputi:

1) Thank you. 10) We cannot repay you for what you

2) Thank you very/so much. have done for us.
3) We are indebted to you. 11) We just cannot thank you enough
4) We appreciate your... for...
5) We really appreciate your... 12) Thank you for being thoughtful.
6) We are grateful for... 13) It means a lot to us to...
7) With gratitude for your kind... 14) We want to thank you for all the
8) That was very kind of you. support and concern.
9) You have been very/really helpful.

Closing Thanking Letter means : Thinking once again to the receiver of the letter.

Modul.7 Resume and CV

o Purpose of an application letter is to secure a job interview, not necessarily the job itself.
(Tujuan dari surat lamaran adalah untuk mengamankan wawancara kerja, tidak harus
pekerjaan itu sendiri. )
o Application letters should be concise, well-presented, and visually appealing. ( Surat
lamaran harus ringkas, baik, dan menarik secara visual.)
o Avoid giving the impression of being bored with the current job when writing an
application letter. (Hindari memberi kesan bosan dengan pekerjaan saat ini.)
o If salary is a reason for considering a job change, it's better to mention the current
salary rather than stating the desired amount.
o Do not include original testimonials; send copies instead. Original documents can be
presented during the interview.
o There are two types of application letters: solicited (when the job opening is known) and
unsolicited (when the job opening is not known). ( Ada dua jenis surat lamaran: diminta
(ketika lowongan pekerjaan diketahui) dan tidak diminta (ketika lowongan pekerjaan
tidak diketahui).
o When referring to an advertisement, mention the source and express interest in the
specific position.
o Provide a brief summary of relevant work experience, highlighting skills useful for the
new job.
o State reasons for leaving the current job or why the new job is attractive.
o The language and presentation of the application letter should be tailored to the
company and position.
o Enclose a curriculum vitae (CV) and copies of testimonials.
o Sign off the letter with a polite closing and express availability for an interview.

 CV (Curriculum Vitae): is a quite detailed and long document that outlines your
education, work experience, skills, and achievements. It provides a comprehensive
picture of your professional background and is typically used in academic or research
fields. There are 2 types of resume: functional and chronological.

 A cover letter : is a brief document that accompanies your job application. It

introduces you to the employer, explains why you are interested in the position, and
 highlights your relevant qualifications. It's customized for each job application and
showcases your enthusiasm and fit for the role.

In summary, a CV is a comprehensive overview of your professional history, while a

cover letter is a tailored document that highlights your suitability for a specific job.

Contoh Resume Chronological :

Modul 8. Promise and Explaination ( Membuat Janji dan Memberi
Penjelasan )

Contoh Promises

Merespon Janji ada 2 hal, yaitu : Responding to Promises and Confirmation of

Appointments

Responding to Promises
Expressions for accepting - "That's fine. I will see you then,"
promises: - "That sounds great,"
-"That sounds fine."
Expressions for rejecting - "I'm sorry. I have another meeting at 10,"
promises: - "I'm afraid I cannot meet you that day,"
- "I wish I could, but I will be out of town next week."

Suggesting alternative - "How about next Tuesday/Wednesday/Friday instead?"

time/date expressions: -"How about 2 p.m./2:30/9 a.m.?"
-"Can we meet on Thursday, instead?"

Cancelling appointments: - "Unfortunately, due to an urgent business, I will not be able to keep
 our appointment this afternoon,"
- "I do apologize for canceling the meeting,"
- "I am sorry for any inconvenience."

Confirmation of Appointments :

Memberi Penjelasan / Explanation :

- There are 4 tips to consider in mastering the art of giving explanations: be concise and
clear, listen and respond to questions, check understanding, and use analogies.
( Ada 4 tips yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam menguasai seni memberikan penjelasan:
singkat dan jelas, mendengarkan dan menjawab pertanyaan, memeriksa pemahaman, dan
menggunakan analogi. )
 - There are several common parts of a dialogue regarding giving and requesting
explanations : asking for explanations, providing explanations, checking understanding,
responding to explanations, seeking clarification, repeating explanations, and expressing
gratitude.
( Terdapat beberapa bagian umum dalam sebuah dialog tentang memberikan dan meminta
penjelasan. Ini termasuk meminta penjelasan, memberikan penjelasan, memeriksa
pemahaman, menanggapi penjelasan, mencari klarifikasi, mengulang penjelasan, dan
mengungkapkan rasa terima kasih. )

MODUL 9. Ragam Cara Berkomunikasi

Types of negotiator :
1. hard negotiator : win-win negotation
2. principled negotiator : Independent Negotation
3. soft negotiator : win-lose negotiation

Dalam Memperisapkan Negosiasi :

 Understanding the nature of negotiation and types of negotiators ( memaahami hakikat
negosiasi dan tipe negosiator )
 Setting goals ( membuat tujuan-tujuan )
 Gathering sufficient information about the other party ( mengumpulkan cukup informasi
tentang pihak lain )
 Analyzing strengths and weaknesses ( menganalisis kekuatan dan kelemahan )
 Creating a list of possible concessions ( membuat daftar konsesi yang mungkin ada )
 Preparing visual support ( mempersiapkan dukungan visual )
 Using appropriate language expressions ( menggunakan ungakpan bahasa yang tepat )

There are 4 stages in Negotiation :

 Making Opening Statements ( membuat pernyataan Pembuka )
 Bargaining and Building Consensus ( menawar dan membuat kohensi )
 Accepting and Confirming ( menerima dan mengkonfirmasi )
 Summarizing and Follow-up ( meringkas dan tindak lanjut )

There are three reasons why signaling the end of a presentation is important ( Tiga Alasan
Mengapa Menandakan Akhir Presentasi itu penting ):

- it reminds the audience and recaptures their attention.

- it helps the presenter refocus.
- the presenter summarizes the main points.
Equally important is clarifying the presentation structure.
  Ini mengingatkan para audiens dan memulihkan kembali perhatian mereka.
 Ini membantu presenter untuk memfokuskan kembali.
 Presenter merangkum poin-poin utama. Sama pentingnya adalah untuk
mengklarifikasi struktur presentasi.

In drawing conclusions in meetings or presentations, there are several useful tips that can be
applied. :
- the conclusion should be concise and clear. Additionally, the speaker should use appropriate
language to emphasize the importance of the points in the conclusion.
- an engaging and useful final slide will enhance the conclusion.

Dalam menarik kesimpulan dalam pertemuan atau presentasi, ada beberapa tips
yang berguna yang dapat diterapkan:

 Kesimpulan harus singkat dan jelas. Selain itu, pembicara harus menggunakan
bahasa yang tepat untuk menekankan pentingnya poin-poin dalam
kesimpulan.
 Slide akhir yang menarik dan bermanfaat akan meningkatkan kesimpulan.

SQ3R , antara lain :

Survey : Me-rivew atau mengechek teks untuk mendapatkan tema dan topik.
(Reviewing or checking a text to identify the theme and topic. )
Question : Menyusun pertanyaan yang berkaitan dalam survey ( proses review )
(Formulating relevant questions during the survey (review process)
Read : membaca dengan Teknik scanning atau skimming.
(Reading using scanning or skimming techniques.)
Recite : Menutur Kembali isi teks dengan bahsa sendiri.
( Retelling the content of the text in one's own words.)
Review : Mencocokan Kembali jawaban hasil membaca.
( Verifying and matching the answers based on the reading.)

Teknik skimming melibatkan membaca dengan cepat untuk mendapatkan gambaran umum
atau informasi penting dari teks. Pada teknik ini, pembaca membaca judul, subjudul,
paragraf pembuka, kalimat pertama atau terakhir dari setiap paragraf, dan kata-kata kunci.

Teknik scanning melibatkan membaca dengan cepat untuk mencari informasi tertentu
dalam teks. Seperti hal membaca Kamus Bahasa ( Dictionary ).