Solution

E REVISION INTERGRATION UNIT

Class 12 - Mathematics
1. Let I = ∫ (log x)
2
⋅ 1 dx , Then we have
II
I

I = (log x)2 {∫ 1 ⋅ dx} − ∫ {

d

dx
(log x)
2
⋅ ∫ 1 ⋅ dx} dx

⇒ I = (log x)2 x - ∫ 2 log x ⋅ 1

x
⋅ x dx = x (log x)2 -2∫ log x ⋅ 1 dx
I II

d
⇒ I = x(log x) - 2[(log x){∫ 1 ⋅ dx }-∫ {
dx
(log x) ∫ 1 ⋅ dx} dx]
1
⇒ I = x(log x) - 2 {(log x) x - ∫ x
⋅ x dx}
⇒ I = x (log x)2 - 2(x log x - x) + C
2. Let I = ∫ sec-1 x dx
Also let sec-1 x = t then, x = sec t ⇒ dx = sec t tan t dt
∴ I = ∫ sec-1 x dx
⇒ I = ∫ t(sec t tan t)dt
I II

⇒ I = t (sec t) - ∫ 1 ⋅ sec t dt
⇒ I = t sec t - log |(sec t + tan t)| + C

E
−−−−−− − −−−−−
⇒ I = t sec t - log |sec t + √sec 2
t − 1 | + C = x (sec-1 x) - log |x + √x 2
− 1 |+C
3. Let I = ∫ ex (tan x - log cos x) dx
= ∫ ex tan x dx - ∫ ex log cos x dx
V
Using Integrating by parts
= ∫ ex tan x dx - {ex log cos x - ∫ ex ( d
dx}
A
log cos x)
dx

= ∫ ex tan x dx - {ex log cos x + ∫ ex tan x dx}

= ∫ ex tan x dx - ex log cos x - ∫ ex tan x dx + c
D

= -ex log cos x + c

= ex log sec x +c [∵ log sec x = -log cos x]
4. Let I = ∫ cos (1 − 2x
JO

−1 2
)dx

Putting x = sin θ
⇒ dx = cos θ dθ
−1 2
∴ I = ∫ cos (1 − 2 sin θ) cos θdθ

−1
= ∫ cos (cos 2θ) cos θdθ

= 2 ∫ θ cos θ dθ

= 2 [θ sin θ − ∫ 1 sin θdθ]

= 2[θ sin θ + cos θ] + C

−−−−−
−1 2
= 2 [ sin x × x + √1 − x ] + C

−−−−−
−1 2
= 2 [x sin x + √1 − x ] + C

5. Let = ∫ tan-1 x dx
Also let tan-1 x = t. Then, x = tan t and dx = sec2 t dt
∴ I = ∫ tan-1 x dx
⇒ I∫ t sec
2
t dx = t (tan t) - ∫ 1 ⋅ tan t dt = t tan t + log |cos t| + C
I II

I = x tan-1 x + log ∣
∣ ∣
⇒
1
∣ + c [∵ tan t = x ⇒ cos t = 1
=
1
]
∣ √1+x2 ∣ √1+ tan2 t √1+x2

⇒ I = x tan-1 x − 1

2
log |1 + x2| + C
6. Let I = ∫ cosec x log(cosec x - cot x) dx ...(i)
Now, Let log(cosec x - cot x) = t then, we have
dx [log(cosec x - cot x)] = dt

1/8
 cosec x dx = dt [∵ d

dx
(log (cosec x - cot)) = cosec x]
Putting log (cosec x - cot x) = t and cosec x dx = dt in equation (i), we get
I = ∫ t dt
2
t
= + c
2

∴ I =
1

2
[log (cosec x - cot x)]2 + c
7. Here we have,
x 2
e (1−x )
I = ∫ dx
2 2
(1+ x )

x 2
e (1+ x −2x)

= ∫ dx
2 2
(1+ x )

2
(1+ x )
x 2x
= ∫ e [ − ] dx
2 2 2 2
(1+ x ) (1+ x )

x 1 2x
= ∫ e ( − ) dx
2 2 2
1+x (1+ x )
x
e x ′ x 1 ′ 2x
= + C [∵ ∫ e f (x) + f (x)dx = e f (x) + C where, f (x} = ⇒ f (x) = − ]
2 1+2 2
1+x 2
(1+ x )

8. I = ∫ e (sin x + cos x)dx

x

Now,
Let sin x = f(x) ⇒ f'(x) = cos x
We know that,
x ′ x
∫ e {f (x) + f (x)} dx = e f (x) + c

E
Thus,
x x
∫ e (sin x + cos x)dx = e sin x + C
−1

9. Let I = ∫

Put, t = cos-1 x
x cos

√1−x2
x
dx
V
−1
⇒ dt = dx
A
√1−x2

Also, cos t = x
Thus, we have
I = - ∫ t cot dt
D

Now let us solve this by the 'by parts' method.

I = - [t sint -∫ sin t dt]
JO

⇒ I = -[t sin t - cos t] + C

Substituting the value t = cos-1 x, we get

I = -[cos-1 x sin t + x] + c
−−−−−
⇒ I = -[cos-1 x √1 − x + x] + c 2

10. ∫ (x
2
+ 1) log xdx

2
= ∫ (log x) (x + 1) dx

[Applying product rule]

3 3
x 1 x
= log x ( + x) − ∫ ( + x) dx
3 x 3

3 2
x x
= ( + x) log x − ∫ ( + 1) dx
3 3

3
x 1 2
= ( + x) log x − ∫ x dx − ∫ 1dx
3 3

3 3
x 1 x
= ( + x) log x − − x + c
3 3 3

3 3
x x
= ( + x) log x − − x + c
3 9

11. Using integration by parts method by Taking f1(x) = cot-1x and f2(x) = x2,

∫ x2 cot-1x dx
−1 2 d −1 2
= cot x ∫ x dx − ∫ { (cot x) ∫ x dx} dx
dx

3 −1 3
x cot x 1 x
= − ∫ × dx
3 (1+ x2 ) 3

3 −1 3
x cot x 1 x
= − ∫ dx
3 3 (1+ x2 )

2/8
 Taking (1+x2)=a,
2xdx=da i.e. xdx=da/2
Again, x2=a-1
2
1 x ×xdx
∴ ∫
3 2
(1+ x )

1 (a−1)da
= ∫
3 2a
1 1
= ∫ (1 − ) da
6 a

1
= (a − ln a)
6

Replacing the value of a, we get,

[(1+x2)-In t|x2+1|+c1
1
=
6

2
2 ln∣ ∣
∣x +1∣
x 1
= − + (c1 + )
6 6 6

2
2 ln∣ ∣
∣x +1∣
x
= − + c
6 6

The total integration yields as

2
3 −1 2 ln∣ ∣
∣x +1∣
=
x cot

3
x
+
x

6
−
6
+ c , where c is the integrating constant
2

12. According to the question , I = ∫ x

2
dx
(x sin x+cos x)

x.x
I = ∫ dx
2
(x sin x+cos x)

On multiplying the numerator and denominator by cosx , we get

E
2
cosx x
= ∫ dx
cosx 2
(x sin x+cos x)

⇒ I = x sec x ∫
x cos x

2
dx ...(i) [∵ cosx
1
= secx]
(x sin x+cos x)

Put x sin x + cos x = t

⇒ (xcosx + sinx − sinx)dx = dt
V
⇒ xcosxdx = dt
A
I = I1 . xsecx dx

Consider , I 1 = ∫
x cos x

2
dx
(x sin x+cos x)

put , t = x sinx + cos x

D

(xcosx + sinx − sinx)dx = dt

xcosx dx = dt
dt
JO

= ∫
2
t
−1
=
t
−1
=
x sin x+cos x

Now, integrating Eq. (i) by parts, we get

x cos x
I = ∫ x se cx ⋅ dx
2
I (x sin x+c os x)
II

(−1)
= x sec x ⋅
x sin x+cos x

−dx
− ∫ (1 ⋅ sec x + x sec x tan x) ⋅
x sin x+cos x

−x sec x x sin x dx
= + ∫ sec x (1 + )
x sin x+cos x cos x x sin x+cos x

−x sec x 2
= + ∫ sec xdx
x sin x+cos x
−x sec x
= + tan x + C
x sin x+cos x
−−−
13. Let I = ∫ sin
−1
√
a+x
x
dx

Put x = atan 2
θ

2
⇒ dx = 2a tan θsec θdθ
−−−−− −
2
−1 atan θ 2
∴ I = ∫ sin √ (2a tan θ. sec θ) dθ
2
a+atan θ

−1 tan θ 2
= 2a ∫ sin ( ) tan θ. sec θdθ
sec θ

−1 2
= 2a ∫ sin (sin θ) tan θ. sec θdθ

2
= 2a ∫ θ. tan θ sec θdθ

2 d 2
= 2a [θ. ∫ tan θ. sec θdθ − ∫ ( θ. ∫ tan θ. sec θdθ) dθ]
dθ

3/8
 Let tan θ = t
2
sec θdθ = dt
2 2
2 t tan θ
∫ tan θsec θdθ = ∫ tdt = =
2 2
2 2

I= 2a [θ. tan θ

2
− ∫
tan θ

2
dθ]

2 2
= aθtan θ − a ∫ (sec θ − 1) dθ

2
= aθtan θ − a tan θ + aθ + C
−− −− −
−
x −1 x x −1 x
= a[ tan √ − √ + tan √ ] + C
a a a a

14. Let x = cos t ; t = cos - 1x

dx = - sin t dt
∫ x cos -1 xdx = -∫ cos t .cos-1(cos t) sin tdt
=-∫ cos t.t .sin t dt
We know that sin 2t = 2 sint × cost
−1
We have -∫ t cos t sin t dt= 2
∫ t sin 2t dt
Using BY PART METHOD.
−1 −1 dt
∫ t sin 2t dt = (t ∫ sin 2t dt − ∫ [ ⋅ ∫ sin 2t dt] dt)
2 2 dt

−1 − cos 2t cos 2t
= (t ⋅ + ∫ dt)
2 2 2

−1 −t cos 2t sin 2t
= ( + ) + c
2 2 4

E
t cos 2t sin 2t
= − + c
4 8

We know that cos2t = 2cos2t - 1 and sin 2t = 2sint × cost and sint = √1 cos
−−−−−−
2
t

Replacing in above equation V

2
t(2 cos t−1)
2 sin t×cos t
= − + c
4 8
2
t(2 cos t−1) √1− cos 2 t
= − ⋅ cos t + c
A
4 4
−1 2 2
cos x(2x −1) x √1−x
= − + c
4 4

1 cos
−1
x 1
−−−−−
2 −1 2
= x cos x − − x√1 − x + c
2 4 4
−−−−−
D

−1
1 2 −1 sin x 1
= x cos x + − x√1 − x2 + c
2 4 4

sin 4x−4
15. According to the question, I = ∫ e
x
(
1−cos 4x
) dx

∵ sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x and

JO

x 2 sin 2x cos 2x−4

= ∫ e ( ) dx [ ]
2 2
2 sin 2x cos 2x = 1 − 2 sin x

x 2 sin 2x cos 2x 4
= ∫ e ( − ) dx
2 2
2 sin 2x 2 sin 2x

x 2
= ∫ e (cot 2x − 2 cosec 2x) dx

We know that,
x ′ x
∫ e [f (x) + f (x)] dx = e f (x) + C

Here, f (x) = cot2x

′ 2
⇒ f (x) = −2cosec 2x

x
∴ I = e cot2x + C

16. I = ∫ cos x tan (sin x)dx −1

Let sin x = t, cos x dx = dt

−1
∴ I = ∫ tan t.1dt

Using integration by parts

Let tan t = u , dv = dt
−1

2
dt = du ,v=t
1+t

So I = (tan −1
t) t − ∫ t. (
1

2
) dt
1+t

−1 t
I = t. (tan t) − ∫ dt
2
1+t

let, s = 1 + t², ds = 2 t dt
1

2
ds = t dt
−1 1 1
I = t. (tan t) − ∫ ds
2 s

−1 1
I = t. (tan t) − log s + C
2

4/8
 −1 1 2
I = t. (tan t) − log (1 + t ) + C
2

−1 1 2
I = sin x. tan (sin x) − log(1 + sin x) + C
2

17. Let the given integral be ,

I = ∫ (elog x + sin x) cos x dx
= ∫ (x + sin x) cos x dx
= ∫ x cos x dx + ∫ sin x cos x dx
= [x ∫ cos x dx - ∫ (1 ∫ cos x dx) dx] + 1

2
∫ sin 2x dx
= [x sin x - ∫ sin x dx] + 1

2
(−
cos 2x

2
) +C
I = x som x + cos x - 1

4
cos 2x + c
[1 - 2 sin2 x] + c
1
I = x sin x + cos x - 4

I = x sin x + cos x - 1

4
+
1

2
sin
2
x+c
I = x sin x + cos x - 1

2
sin
2
x + c −
1

I = x sin x + cos x - 1

2
sin
2
2 x + k, where k = c - − 1

18. Let I = ∫ eax sin

(bx + C) dx
solving this by the method of integration as parts.
Considering sin (bx + C) as first function and eax as second function
ax ax

I = sin (bx + C) e

a
− ∫ cos (bx + C) b e

a
dx
ax

eax cos (bx + C) dx

e sin(bx+C) b
⇒ I = − ∫

E
a a
ax
e sin(bx+C)
⇒ I =
a
−
b

a
I1 ...(i)
where I1 = ∫ eax cos (bx + C) dx

Now, I1 = ∫ eax cos (bx + C) dx

V
Considering cos (bx + C) as first function eax as second function
A
ax ax

I1 = cos (bx + C) − ∫ - sin (bx + C) b dx e

a
e

ax

eax sin (bx + C) dx

e cos(bx+C) b
⇒ I1 = + ∫
a a
ax
e cos(bx+C) b
...(ii)
D

⇒ I1 = + I
a a

from (i) and (ii)

ax ax
e sin(bx+C) e cos(bx+C)
b b
I = − [ + I]
a a a a
JO

ax

eax cos (bx + C) −

e sin(bx+C) 2

⇒ I =
a
−
b b
I
a2 a2
2 ax ax
b e a sin(bx+C)−be cos(bx+C)
⇒ I (1 + ) = + C1
2 2
a a

[a sin(bx+C)−b cos(bx+C)]
ax
⇒ I = e + C1
2 2
a +b

Where C1 is the integration constant

−
19. Let, I = ∫ tan
−1
(√x )dx

Let x = t2
dx = 2t dt
I = ∫ 2t tan-1 t dt
= 2[ tan-1 t ∫ t dt - − ∫ (
1

2
) tdt) dt]
1+t

2 2

= 2[ t

2
tan
−1
t − ∫
t

2
dt]
2(1+ t )

= t2 tan-1 t - ∫
2
t +1−1
dt
2
1+t

= t2 tan-1 t - (1 −
1
) dt
2
1+t

= t2 tan-1 t - t + tan-1 t + C
= (t2 + 1) tan-1 t - t + c
I = (x + 1) tan-1 √− −
x − √x + c

20. Let the given integral be,

5/8
 2x+2
I=∫ sin
−1
{ }dx
√4x2 +8x+13

= sin-1 {
2x+2
} dx
2 2
√(2x+2) + 3

Substituting 2x + 2 = 3 tan θ and dx = 3

2
sec2 θ dθ, we get
I=∫ sin
−1
(
3 tan θ

3 sec θ
) ×
3

2
sec
2
θdθ = 3

2
∫ θ sec θdθ
2

I II

⇒ I =
3

2
{θ tan θ − ∫ tan θdθ} = 3

2
{θ tan θ − log | sec θ|}
−−−−−−−−−−
2
3 2x+2 −1 2x+2 2x+2
⇒ I = {( ) tan ( ) − log √1 + ( ) }+ C
2 3 3 3

3 2x+2 2x+2
−−−−−−−−−−−
−1 2
⇒ I = {( ) tan ( ) − log √4x + 8x + 13} + C
2 3 3

⇒ I = (x + 1) tan-1 ( 2x+2

3
) −
3

4
log (4x2 + 8x +13) + C
21. We have to evaluate ∫ x ⋅ sin
−1
xdx

Let x = sin θ
dx = cos θdθ

Substituting values, we get

−1 −1
∫ x sin xdx = ∫ sin θ sin (sin θ) cos θdθ

−1
= ∫ sin θθ cos θdθ (∵ sin (sin θ) = θ)

1
= ∫ θ(2 sin θ cos θ)dθ
2

E
1
= ∫ θ sin 2θdθ (∵ 2 sin x cos x = sin 2x)
2

1 dθ
= [θ ∫ sin 2θdθ − ∫ ( ∫ sin 2θdθ) dθ]
2 dθ

=
1

1
[θ

[
−θ
−(cos 2θ)

cos 2θ +
− ∫ 1.

1
−(cos 2θ)

∫ cos 2θdθ]
2
dθ]
V
2 2 2

−θ
A
1 1 sin 2θ
= [ cos 2θ + ] + C
2 2 2 2

−θ 1
= cos 2θ + sin 2θ + c
4 8
−θ 2 1
= (1 − 2 sin θ) + × 2 sin θ cos θ + C
D

4 8
−θ 2 1
= (1 − 2 sin θ) + sin θ cos θ + c
4 4
−θ
−−−−− −−−
2 1 2
= (1 − 2 sin θ) + sin θ√1 − sin θ + C
4 4

Usingx = sinθ
JO

⇒ θ = sin-1x
− sin
−1
x x
−−−−−
2
= (1 − 2x ) + √1 − x2 + C
4 4
2
(2x −1)
x
−−−−−
−1
= sin x + √1 − x2 + C
4 4
−1 2
1+x+x
22. Let I = ∫ e
tan x
(
2
)dx
1+x

−1 2
tan x 1+x x
= ∫ e ( + )dx
2 2
1+x 1+x

−1 x
tan x
= ∫ e (1 + )dx
2
1+x
−1
−1 tan x
tan x xe
= ∫ e + ∫ dx
2
1+x
−1
tan x
xe
Now, Let I 1 = ∫
2
dx
1+x

Put tan −1
x = t ⇒ x = tan t
1
⇒ dx = dt
1+x2

t
∴ I1 = ∫ tan t. e dt

t 2 t
= tan t. e − ∫ sec t. e dt + C

t 2 t 2 2
= tan t. e − ∫ (1 + tan t) e dt + C [∵ sec θ = 1 + tan θ]
−1
tan x
t 2 e
I1 = tan t. e − ∫ (1 + x ) dx + C
1+x2
−1
t tan x
I1 = tan t. e − ∫ e dx + C
−1 −1
tan x t tan x
∴ I = ∫ e dx + tan t. e − ∫ e dx + C

t
= tan t. e + C

6/8
 −1
tan x
= xe + C
−−−
1−x
23. I = ∫ tan
−1
√
1+x
dx

put x = cos θ
dx = − sin θdθ
−−−−−−−

I= ∫ tan
−1
√(
1−cos θ
) × − sin θdθ
1+cos θ

−−−− − − −−

2 θ
 2sin
−1  2
= ∫ tan ( ) × − sin θdθ
⎷ 2 θ
2cos
2

−1 θ
= ∫ tan (tan ) (− sin θ) dθ
2

θ −1
= −∫ sin θdθ = ∫ θ sin θdθ
2 2

−1
= [θ. (− cos θ) − ∫ 1 × (− cos θ) dθ]
2
−1
= [−θ. cos θ + sin θ] + c
2

−1 −−−−−− −
2
= [−θ. cos θ + √1 − cos θ] + c
2

−1
−−−−−
−1 2
= [−x. cos x + √1 − x ] + c
2

24. Let I = ∫ e
x
cos
2
xdx then,
x 1+cos 2x
⇒ I = ∫ e ( ) dx
2

1 x
⇒ I = ∫ e (1 + cos 2x)dx

E
2
1 x 1 x
⇒ I = ∫ e dx + ∫ e cos 2xdx
2 2

⇒ I =
1

2
e
x
+
1

2
I1 + C ...(i)
where I
Now,
1 = ∫ e
x
cos 2xdx
V
x
I1 = ∫ e cos 2xdx
A
⇒ I1 = e
x sin 2x

2
− ∫ e
x sin 2x

2
dx [Integrating by parts]
1 x 1 x
⇒ I1 = e sin 2x − ∫ e sin 2xdx
2 2

1 x 1 x cos 2x x − cos 2x
⇒ I1 = e sin 2x − {− e − ∫ e ( ) dx}
D

2 2 2 2

1 x 1 x 1 x
⇒ I1 = e sin 2x + e cos 2x − ∫ e cos 2xdx
2 4 4
1 x 1 x 1
⇒ I1 = e sin 2x + e cos 2x − I1
2 4 4
1 1 x
(cos 2x + 2 sin 2x)
JO

⇒ I1 + I1 = e
4 4

⇒
5

4
I1 =
1

4
e
x
(cos 2x + 2 sin 2x)
x

⇒ I1 =
e

5
(cos 2x + 2 sin 2x) ...(ii)
x
1 e
∴ I =
2
e
x
+
10
(cos 2x + 2 sin 2x) + C
25. Let I = ∫ cot-1 (1 - x + x2) dx. Then,
I = ∫ cot-1 {1 - x (1 - x} dx = ∫ tan-1 { 1−x(1−x)
1
} dx

tan-1 { dx = ∫ {tan-1x + tan-1 (1 - x} dx

x+(1−x)
⇒ I = ∫ }
1−x(1−x)

⇒ I = ∫ tan-1 x dx + ∫ tan-1 (1 - x) dx = I1 + I2 ...(i)

where I1 = ∫ tan-1 x dx and I2 = ∫ tan-1 (1 - x) dx.

Now,
I1 = ∫ tan-1 x dx = ∫ tan-1 x . 1 dx = x tan-1 x - ∫ x

2
dx
1+x

⇒ I1 = x tan-1 x - 1

2
∫
1

2
2x dx = x tan-1 x - 1

2
log (1 + x2) ...(ii)
1+x

and,
I2 = ∫ tan-1 (1 - x) dx = - ∫ tan-1 t dt, where t = 1 - x, dt = - dx
⇒ l2 = -{t tan −1
t −
1

2
log(1 + t )}
2
[Using (ii)]

⇒ I2 = - [(1 - x) tan-1 (1 - x) - 1

2
log {1 + (1 - x}2]
Substituting the values of I1 and I2 in (i), we get

cot-1 (1 - x + x2) dx = x tan-1 x - log (1 + x2) - (1 - x) tan-1 (1 - x) + log {1 + (1 - x)2} + C.

1 1
∫
2 2

7/8
8/8