PRESENT PERFECT - FORM test-englishgcom have seen her, (have not seen her.) (ve seen her. _) (haven't seen her. ) w > = < o w z (has seen her. - (has not seen her. ('s seen her. | hasn't seen her.) POSITIVE have not, Chaven't. } QUESTION SHORT ANSWER itjeis|ti-je ajgil ijsih gicjo|m|Short forms « has=‘s « have= ‘ve * have not= haven’t (EB that short forms are not used in positive short answers. « ‘Have you washed the dishes yet?’ ‘Yes, | have.’ (NOT ¥es-+¥e.) Present perfect — use Summary chart PRESENT PERFECT - MEANING Test-englishgcom Prey Bal canien Te passed the exam. “Have you finished yet?" "Yes, I've already finished." I on a te Canad ‘i es) T haven't seen Ted today. Maybe he Isn't Feeling well. Dems c ass We've been to Rome and Florence. Re ed jasc Thayen't read that book. REE se mite“ SEI, BRET 0 tte rid = a gens sour How long have you been here? Situations that started in the past eer) : Thave been here all day. FD etn are fr 20 yrs. PERE 2 en at my ar Aa PSD re very tte Download full-size image from PinterestPast events when time is not mentioned We use the present perfect to talk about past actions or events when time is not mentioned, i. don't say when these events happened. © I've broken my arm. * I've passed the exam. © She's found a job. just already, yet We often the present perfect with just, already and yet. We can use just after the verb have to. emphasise that these events are very recent. © Tony has just called. We use already in positive sentences to talk about actions that we have completed sooner than we expected. Already goes after the verb have. © I've already finished my homework. We use yet in negative sentences and questions to talk about things that we expect to happen soon. Yet goes at the end of the sentence. © Have you finished your homework yet? * haven't finished my homework yet. recently We often use the present perfect with recently to talk about past recent actions. © They've recently bought a new car. today, this week, this month, this year We can use the present perfect with time expressions when the time we mention has not finished * I've seen John today. (=Today has not finished.) * Has she called you this week?Duration from the past until now — for, since We can use the present perfect with for, since and how long to ask or talk about situ slarted in the past and have not finished. «| We've been married for 25 years. ‘= I've had this watch since | was a kid. «How long have you been friends? Compare: + We've been married for 20 years. (=We are married now) We were married for 20 years. Then we divorced. (We are not married now) for + period of time; since + moment in the past We use for + period of time (2 hours, 3 days, 20 years, etc.) and we use since + the moment in the past when something started. I've been here for hours. ‘+ She's been my teacher for three years. I've been unemployed since May. I've lived in this town since | was born. lately, all morning/day/year/etc. We can also use the present perfect with lately or with all + period of time (all day, all morning, all my life, ete.) to talk about actions that started in the past and continue in the present. ‘© She’s been with me all day. I've been very busy lately. Don't use age ‘We can't use ago with the present perfect. ‘* I've had my watch for 2 years. (NOT Hve-had-my-wateh-since-2years-ago,)Past experiences — never, ever, before We use the present perfect to talk about past experiences when we don’t say or we don't know when something happened. ‘+ He has been to the moon. He's an astronaut. © I haven't been to India. never, ever, before We often use the words never, ever, or before to talk about experiences. * I've never read this book. ‘+ Have you ever seen a John Wayne film. ‘+ Ihaven't experienced anything like this before. The best thing I've ever done We can use the present perfect simple with a superlative adjective and ever. ‘© This is the best meal I've ever had. © It's the most amazing place we've ever travelled to. How many times We can also use the present perfect to say how many times something has happened until now. ‘© I've watched this film three times. + We've been to Paris twice. have gone to or have been to? We say someone has gone somewhere when this person is stil away, and we say someone has. been somewhere when this person has already come back from that place. * Tom has gone to Ireland. He'll be there for a couple of weeks. (=He's in Ireland now.) ‘+ We have been to Ireland three times, We love it. (=We are not in Ireland now.)Past simple or present perfect? When did it happen? We use the present perfect (NOT past simple) to talk about past experiences and actions when we don’t say or don't know when they happened. * I’ve lost my keys. * We've been toa very nice restaurant. We use the past simple (NOT present perfect) when we mention or ask about when something happened, or when the time is known by the speaker and the listener. We often use a past expression (last week, yesterday, when I was a child, etc.) * We arrived yesterday. (NOT We've-arrived yesterday.) * When did the accident happen? Giving details in past simple We use the present perfect to introduce a past event or experience, but if we continue talking and we give details, then we use the past simple. A: I've been to the cinema. B: What did you see? A: I saw a very good film by... A: Oh, you've broken your arm, B: Yes, I have. A: How did it happen?Exercise 2 Choose past simple or present perfect for each gap below. Page 1 of 2 @© A: Mary isnt here, She toEgypt. B:1 to Egypt. has gone / have never gone b, has gone / have never been @, went / have never gone a. Ve broken / broke b, ve broken / ‘ve broken | broke /'ve broken 3) a ghost? Have you ever seen my arm. | it playing with my cousin, b, Did you ever see | Have you ever see |_____to China this year. B: When there? have been / have you been have been / did you go | was / have you gone O mau ‘ve seen this man before. b, saw c, ‘ve seeExercise 2 Choose past simple or present perfect for each gap below. Page 2 of 2 © A: How long teacher? B:1 teaching a long time ago. a were /started b,, have you been / have started | have you been / started e Titanic? a. Did you see You have seen eave youseen | © 2:1___ the keys. B: Where them? have found / did you find b, found / have you found | found / did you find © Here are your shoes. | them, a justcleaned b. Ve just cleaned | just have cleaned @® sre to be a singer since she a. wanted / was b._has wanted / has been has wanted / was akid.Exercise 3 Complete the sentences below with the present perfect or the past simple of the verbs in brackets. Ow. (be) together since we (be) teenagers. © Since records (begin) in 1880, the global temperature (rise) 0.85 degrees Celsius. © Bennet is my bestfriend. 1 (meet) him at school, and we (be) friends for 50 years. On. (be) so active and sporty at university. But after the accident he (neveribe) the same. © ‘esterday tom (tell) me that he would be here today, but he isn't here. He (be) away all day. Ox: (buy) anew car. B: Nice! When (yourbuy) it? @. (clean) your room yet? B: No, sorry. 1 (go) to the library after school. Ou. (read) the Bible 4 times. He was 15 the first time he (read) it. © ris customer (be) here many times, but he (neverfouy) anything, © (stop) smoking two years ago. | (smoke) for 22 years.