HAZARD MANAGEMENT SCE ID: SCE-12

Safety Critical
HVAC & Natural Ventilation
PR DC MI ER element:

GOAL: Natural ventilation shall:

• Dilute gas concentrations and reduce the size of flammable gas clouds (see SCE-08 Ignition prevention where hazardous area classification for naturally ventilated hazardous areas is defined)
• Dilute harmful concentrations of smoke or toxic gases
• Ensure acceptable working and equipment environment
• Preventing mixing of contaminated exhaust air and inlet air

Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning system (HVAC) shall, with respect to accidental events:
• Provide pressurisation of rooms to prevent ingress of smoke or gas (see SCE-08 Ignition prevention where hazardous area classification for internally ventilated hazardous areas is defined)
• Provide smoke ventilation for internal fire conditions
• Ensure acceptable working and equipment environment
• Dilute and remove concentrations of HC gas, smoke and toxic gases (see SCE-08 Ignition prevention where hazardous area classification for internally ventilated hazardous areas is defined)

SCE LIMITS and BOUNDARY:

System Boundaries:
• Layout of facility (in relation to natural ventilation)
• AHU’s
• Inlets/exhausts
• Ducting
• Penetrations
• Dampers
• HVAC field instrumentation (where not included in the F&G system)
Interface to F&G system
Note: Requirements for naturally ventilated open hazardous areas and for dilution ventilation for turbine enclosures are covered by PS-08 Ignition Prevention Performance Standard

Functionality/
Safety Critical Reliability or Function/ Subsystem or Component
Performance Standard Activity Number Activity Description Phase Reference Documents
Element Availability / / Hazardous Event
Survivability
PS-12.01 Review detail drawings, D&IDs and type approvals for
Vessel ventilation systems and associated vessel ventilation systems and associated Architectural General Arrangement
Prevent through over-pressurisation, penetrations to confirm that they provided in
penetrations shall be provided in compliance with Drawings
the ingress of flammable or toxic compliance with SOLAS and class society
SOLAS and class society requirements.
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous PS-12/01-01 requirements. Design
Note: Similar Performance Standard exists to cover HVAC Penetration Detail Drawings
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of
the Temporary Refuge Ref: SCE-13.
positive pressure.
Type Approvals

Confirm by sample inspection and review of records

PS-12.01 Architectural General Arrangement
that vessel ventilation systems and associated
Vessel ventilation systems and associated Drawings
Prevent through over-pressurisation, penetrations are manufactured and installed in
penetrations shall be provided in compliance with
the ingress of flammable or toxic compliance with the layout drawings and type
SOLAS and class society requirements. HVAC Penetration Detail Drawings
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous PS-12/01-02 approvals. Construction
Note: Similar Performance Standard exists to cover
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of
the Temporary Refuge Ref: SCE-13. Type Approvals
positive pressure.
Mechanical Completion Records

Escape and Evacuation Routes 1/5

 Functionality/
Safety Critical Reliability or Function/ Subsystem or Component
Performance Standard Activity Number Activity Description Phase Reference Documents
Element Availability / / Hazardous Event
Survivability
PS-12.02 Review HVAC Specification and D&IDs (and HVAC
Areas / enclosures / rooms that are provided with Calculations where necessary) to confirm that HVAC
pressurisation of rooms to prevent ingress of system design is such that over-pressurisation
smoke or gas shall comply with IEC 60079 part 13 protection will be provided to maintain a positive
Prevent through over-pressurisation, and with IP Model Code of Safe Practice Part 15. differential pressure of at least 50 Pa between
the ingress of flammable or toxic Pressurisation in these areas shall be monitored protected areas and the external ambient conditions in HVAC Calculations
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous (50pa) and alarm initiated on loss of pressurisation PS-12/02-01 accordance with IEC 60079 part 13 and with IP Model Design
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of to the CCR. Code of Safe Practice Part 15. HVAC D&IDs
positive pressure.
Guidance Note:
DNV-OS-A101 Safety principles and Arrangement
ISO-15138

PS-12.02
Review HVAC Specification, HVAC D&IDs and F&G
Areas / enclosures / rooms that are provided with
Cause & Effects to confirm that appropriate systems Suppliers Documentation
pressurisation of rooms to prevent ingress of
Prevent through over-pressurisation, are specified to detect loss of positive pressure below
smoke or gas shall comply with IEC 60079 part 13
the ingress of flammable or toxic 50 Pa for more than 30 sec. to any protected areas HVAC Calculations
and with IP Model Code of Safe Practice Part 15.
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous PS-12/02-02 specified, and initiate an alarm at the CCR. Procurement
Pressurisation in these areas shall be monitored
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of HVAC D&IDs
(50pa) and alarm initiated on loss of pressurisation
positive pressure.
to the CCR.
FAT Reports
Guidance Note:
PS-12.02 Review vendor’s data sheets and specifications and
Areas / enclosures / rooms that are provided with FAT reports to confirm that equipment required for
Prevent through over-pressurisation, HVAC D&IDs
pressurisation of rooms to prevent ingress of HVAC pressurisation (e.g. supply and extract fans,
the ingress of flammable or toxic
smoke or gas shall comply with IEC 60079 part 13 pressure control dampers) are in accordance with the
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous PS-12/02-03 Construction Mechanical Completion Records
and with IP Model Code of Safe Practice Part 15. requirements of the HVAC specification, calculations
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of
Pressurisation in these areas shall be monitored and D&IDs
positive pressure. Test Records
(50pa) and alarm initiated on loss of pressurisation
to the CCR
PS-12.02 Confirm by inspection and review of mechanical
Areas / enclosures / rooms that are provided with completion records that the following equipment is
Prevent through over-pressurisation, pressurisation of rooms to prevent ingress of installed in accordance with the HVAC D&IDs:
the ingress of flammable or toxic smoke or gas shall comply with IEC 60079 part 13 • HVAC supply and extract fans; HVAC D&IDs
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous and with IP Model Code of Safe Practice Part 15. PS-12/02-04 • HVAC pressure control dampers; and Design
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of Pressurisation in these areas shall be monitored • appropriate systems to detect loss of positive F&G Cause & Effect Diagrams
positive pressure. (50pa) and alarm initiated on loss of pressurisation pressure below 50 Pa for more than 30 sec. to the
to the CCR. protected areas specified
PS-12.02 Confirm by witness testing and review of signed off
Prevent through over-pressurisation, Areas / enclosures / rooms that are provided with commissioning procedures that HVAC systems
the ingress of flammable or toxic pressurisation of rooms to prevent ingress of provide a positive differential pressure of at least 50
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous smoke or gas shall comply with IEC 60079 part 13 PS-12/02-05 Pa between protected areas as per approved design Construction F&G Cause & Effect Diagrams
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of and with IP Model Code of Safe Practice Part 15. and the external ambient conditions (during conditions
positive pressure. Pressurisation in these areas shall be monitored corresponding as far as is practicable to normal
(50pa) and alarm initiated on loss of pressurisation platform operating conditions)
Prevent through over-pressurisation, PS-12.02 Confirm by witness testing and review of signed off
the ingress of flammable or toxic Areas / enclosures / rooms that are provided with commissioning procedures that loss of positive
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous pressurisation of rooms to prevent ingress of PS-12/02-06 pressure below 50 Pa for more than 30 sec. to the Commissioning F&G Cause & Effect Diagrams
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of smoke or gas shall comply with IEC 60079 part 13 protected areas specified initiates an alarm at the
positive pressure. and with IP Model Code of Safe Practice Part 15. CCR
N/A Covered in the PS XXXX (previous one, to be
Layout Drawings
PS-12.03 changed when numbering is done)
Loss of positive pressure below 30 Pa for more
Prevent through over-pressurisation, HVAC D&IDs
than 30 sec. to any areas provided with over-
the ingress of flammable or toxic
pressurisation protection shall initiate an alarm at a
HVAC functionality gas/air mixtures into non-hazardous PS-12/03-01 Design HVAC Data Sheets
normally manned area.
areas. Alarm on sustained loss of
Note: Ref: SCE-11 Passive Fire Protection, for
positive pressure. Architectural Details
external doors with self-closing mechanism.
Type Approvals

Escape and Evacuation Routes 2/5

 Functionality/
Safety Critical Reliability or Function/ Subsystem or Component
Performance Standard Activity Number Activity Description Phase Reference Documents
Element Availability / / Hazardous Event
Survivability
Review HVAC D&IDs, HVAC data sheets, architectural
PS-12.04 details & type approvals to confirm that fire dampers
Prevent the spread of fire, ingress or Fire dampers and ventilation ducts shall maintain and ventilation ducts maintain the integrity of the fire Architectural Details
HVAC functionality migration of smoke or gas through the integrity of the fire division in which they are PS-12/04-01 division in which they are fitted or passing through. Construction
ducting during a fire or gas release. fitted or passing through. Type Approvals

Confirm by inspection that fire dampers and ventilation

duct heat bridges have been installed in accordance HVAC Layouts Drawings
PS-12.04 with the relevant detail drawings and type approvals.
Prevent the spread of fire, ingress or Fire dampers and ventilation ducts shall maintain Blastwall Details
HVAC functionality migration of smoke or gas through the integrity of the fire division in which they are PS-12/04-02 Design
ducting during a fire or gas release. fitted or passing through. Damper Type Approvals

Penetrations Details

Confirm by review of HVAC layout drawings and

design data that: HVAC Layouts Drawings
PS-12.05
HVAC penetrations shall not penetrate blast walls
Prevent the spread of fire, ingress or - HVAC penetrations do not penetrate blast walls; or Blastwall Details
except where the penetrations and/or blast rated
HVAC functionality migration of smoke or gas through PS-12/05-01 Construction
dampers are type tested and certified according to
ducting during a fire or gas release. - HVAC penetrations and/or blast rated dampers are Damper Type Approvals
the blast overpressure rating of the division in
which they are fitted. type tested and certified according to the blast
overpressure rating of the division in which they are Penetrations Details
PS-12.05 fitt d
Confirm by inspection that, where they penetrate blast
HVAC penetrations shall not penetrate blast walls walls, HVAC penetrations are installed in accordance
Prevent the spread of fire, ingress or
except where the penetrations and/or blast rated with the design (refer to activity no. PS-12/02-02a for
HVAC functionality migration of smoke or gas through PS-12/05-02 Procurement Suppliers Test Records
dampers are type tested and certified according to details).
ducting during a fire or gas release.
the blast overpressure rating of the division in
which they are fitted
PS-12.06 Review suppliers test records to confirm that all fire
Fire dampers shall not exceed the industry dampers have been tested and do not exceed the
Prevent the spread of fire, ingress or accepted closed damper leakage rate of 0.1 cubic closed damper leakage rate of 0.1 cubic metres per Mechanical Completion Records
HVAC functionality migration of smoke or gas through metres per second per metre squared nominal face PS-12/06-01 second per metre squared nominal face area when Construction
ducting during a fire or gas release. area when subjected to a differential air pressure of subjected to a differential air pressure of 2.0 kPa. Test records
2.0 kPa.
PS-12.06 Review mechanical completion and commissioning
Fire dampers shall not exceed the industry records to confirm that all fire dampers have been HVAC D&IDs
Prevent the spread of fire, ingress or accepted closed damper leakage rate of 0.1 cubic installed undamaged and function satisfactorily.
HVAC functionality migration of smoke or gas through metres per second per metre squared nominal face PS-12/06-02 Design
HVAC Data Sheets
ducting during a fire or gas release. area when subjected to a differential air pressure of
HVAC Layout Drawings
2.0 kPa.

Review HVAC D&IDs and HVAC Layout Drawings to

PS-12.07
confirm that fire dampers are provided with;
Fire dampers shall be provided with;
- local manual closure from outside of the protected
- local manual closure from outside of the protected
area,
area,
- remote manual closure from the CCR, and
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing - remote manual closure from the CCR, and PS-12/07-01 Construction HVAC D&IDs
Both of the above areas shall be provided with damper
Both of the above areas shall be provided with
closure status indication.
damper closure status indication.

PS-12.07
Fire dampers shall be provided with; Confirm by witness of testing that fire dampers closure
- local manual closure from outside of the protected is provided with:
area, - local manual closure from outside of the protected HVAC D&IDs
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing - remote manual closure from the CCR, and PS-12/07-02 area, Design
Both of the above areas shall be provided with - remote manual closure from the CCR, and HVAC Data Sheets
damper closure status indication. Both of the above areas shall be provided with damper
closure status indication.

Escape and Evacuation Routes 3/5

 Functionality/
Safety Critical Reliability or Function/ Subsystem or Component
Performance Standard Activity Number Activity Description Phase Reference Documents
Element Availability / / Hazardous Event
Survivability
PS-12.08 Review HVAC D&IDs and data sheets to confirm that
Fire dampers shall be arranged to fail safe close fire dampers are specified as fail safe close (without Suppliers Documentation
(without external source of power) on loss of external source of power) on loss of instrument air or
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing instrument air or control signal, unless designated PS-12/08-01 control signal, unless designated to remain open Procurement HVAC D&IDs
to remain open where defined by operational where defined by operational requirements.
requirements. HVAC Data Sheets

PS-12.08
Review suppliers documentation to confirm that fire
Fire dampers shall be arranged to fail safe close
dampers are fail safe close (without external source of
(without external source of power) on loss of
power) on loss of instrument air or control signal,
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing instrument air or control signal, unless designated PS-12/08-02 Construction HVAC D&IDs
unless designated to remain open where defined by
to remain open where defined by operational
operational requirements.
requirements.

Fire dampers shall be arranged to fail safe close Confirm by witness of testing that fire dampers fail safe
(without external source of power) on loss of close (without external source of power) on loss of
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing instrument air or control signal, unless designated PS-12/08-03 instrument air or control signal, unless designated to Procurement Suppliers Data
to remain open where defined by operational remain open where defined by operational
requirements. requirements.
PS-12.09
Confirm by review of suppliers data that each fire
Fire dampers shall close automatically on activation
damper Is provided with an integral heat detection
of a heat detection device provided integral to the
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing PS-12/09-01 device which will close the damper automatically on Construction Suppliers Data
damper.
exposure to excessive heat or a fire.

Confirm by inspection that each fire damper is

provided with an integral heat detection device as HVAC Specifications
PS-12.09 specified in the suppliers data.
Fire dampers shall close automatically on activation HVAC Data Sheets
of a heat detection device provided integral to the
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing PS-12/09-02 Design
damper. HVAC Calculations

Suppliers Data for Essential Safety

Equipment

Review HVAC specification, data sheets and

PS-12.10
calculations in conjunction with suppliers data for
HVAC equipment shall be designed to maintain
essential safety equipment required to operate under
acceptable operating temperature and humidity for Suppliers Data
emergency conditions to confirm that the HVAC
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing essential safety equipment that is required to PS-12/10-01 Procurement
equipment will maintain acceptable operating
operate under emergency conditions. Test Reports
temperature and humidity.

HVAC equipment shall be designed to maintain Review HVAC suppliers test reports to confirm that
acceptable operating temperature and humidity for HVAC equipment functions in accordance with design HVAC D&IDs
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing essential safety equipment that is required to PS-12/10-02 requirements specified in activity no. PS-12/03-04a. Construction
operate under emergency conditions. Mechanical Completion Records

PS-12.10 Confirm by sample inspection and 100% review of

HVAC equipment shall be designed to maintain records that HVAC system has been installed in
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing acceptable operating temperature and humidity for PS-12/10-03 accordance with the HVAC D&IDs. Construction Commissioning Records
essential safety equipment that is required to
operate under emergency conditions
Review commissioning records to confirm that the
HVAC system is able to maintain acceptable operating Layout Drawings
PS-12.10 temperature and humidity in accordance with design
HVAC equipment shall be designed to maintain requirements specified in activity no. PS-12/03-04a. HVAC D&IDs
acceptable operating temperature and humidity for
HVAC functionality Control, Operability & Sizing essential safety equipment that is required to PS-12/10-04 Design HVAC Data Sheets
operate under emergency conditions.
Architectural Details

Escape and Evacuation Routes 4/5

 Functionality/
Safety Critical Reliability or Function/ Subsystem or Component
Performance Standard Activity Number Activity Description Phase Reference Documents
Element Availability / / Hazardous Event
Survivability
PS-12.11 Review HVAC D&IDs, HVAC data sheets, architectural
Natural ventilation in hazardous areas shall provide details to confirm natural ventilation in hazardous
a minimum average ventilation rate of 12 AC/h for areas will provide a minimum average ventilation rate Architectural Details
To ensure suitable natural ventilation of 95% of the time, unless suitable hazardous area of 12 AC/h for 95% of the time, unless suitable
HVAC functionality classification is applied to the area. PS-12/11-01 hazardous area classification is applied to the area. Construction
areas, where possible Layout Drawings

Note: Please refer to SCE-08 Ignition Source

Control for assessment of hazardous area
classification
PS-12.11 Confirm by inspection that natural ventilation in
Natural ventilation in hazardous areas shall provide hazardous areas with a minimum average ventilation HVAC Specification
a minimum average ventilation rate of 12 AC/h for rate of 12 AC/h have been installed in accordance with
reliability/ To ensure suitable natural ventilation of
HVAC 95% of the time, unless suitable hazardous area PS-12/11-02 the relevant detail drawings and type approvals. Design HVAC Data Sheets
availability areas, where possible
classification is applied to the area.
HVAC D&IDs
Note: Please refer to SCE-08 Ignition Source
Review HVAC Specification, HVAC Data Sheets and
PS-12.12 HVAC D&IDs to confirm that the following systems are
The following systems shall be provided with 2 x provided with 2 x 100% fans arranged on auto- HVAC D&IDs
100% fans arranged on auto-standby:- standby:-
reliability/
HVAC Redundancy of Fans - Where providing pressurisation control PS-12/12-01 - Where providing pressurisation control Construction Mechanical Completion Records
availability
- Where required for continuous operation in - Where required for continuous operation in
emergency conditions. emergency conditions. Commissioning Records

Confirm by inspection and 100% review of records

PS-12.12 that, for systems providing pressurisation control or
The following systems shall be provided with 2 x required for continuous operation in emergency
100% fans arranged on auto-standby:- conditions:
HVAC survivability Redundancy of Fans - Where providing pressurisation control PS-12/12-02 N/A
- Where required for continuous operation in - 2 x 100% fans are provided as per the HVAC D&IDs
emergency conditions.
- HVAC fans function satisfactorily (including auto-
standby function)

Escape and Evacuation Routes 5/5