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3 Congruency Similarity and Transformations March 2021-2022

This document discusses congruency, similarity, and transformations in geometry. It defines congruent objects as having the exact same shape and size, while similar objects have the same shape but different sizes. Transformations are operations that map a geometric figure onto a new figure. The main types of transformations are translations (slides), reflections (flips), and rotations (turns). The document provides examples of identifying congruence transformations as reflections, translations, or rotations. It also covers classifying shapes as congruent or not based on given properties and finding values of unknowns in congruent triangles.

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kennan.gunawan
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47 views34 pages

3 Congruency Similarity and Transformations March 2021-2022

This document discusses congruency, similarity, and transformations in geometry. It defines congruent objects as having the exact same shape and size, while similar objects have the same shape but different sizes. Transformations are operations that map a geometric figure onto a new figure. The main types of transformations are translations (slides), reflections (flips), and rotations (turns). The document provides examples of identifying congruence transformations as reflections, translations, or rotations. It also covers classifying shapes as congruent or not based on given properties and finding values of unknowns in congruent triangles.

Uploaded by

kennan.gunawan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Congruency, Similarity,

and Transformations
Congruent
Objects are congruent if they have exactly
the same shape and size.
Are these shapes congruent?
Similar
Similar objects have the same shape and
different size.
Are these shapes similar?
Corresponding Parts
Matching parts of congruent or similar
figures.
What parts are corresponding?
A B E F

C D G H

B
X

Y
Z

A C
Transformation
Øisan operation that maps
an original geometric figure
(called a preimage), onto a
new figure (called the
image).
Transformations
A change in position of a figure.

Ø Translation
Ø Reflection
Ø Rotation

Let’s see these transformations in action!


Translation
(Slide)

A figure moves along a straight line.

Figure 1

Figure 2
Figure 1 Figure 2
Reflection
(Flip)

A mirror image is created across a line.


Figure 1 Figure 2

Figure 1 Figure 2
Rotation
(Turn)
A figure turns around a point.

90°
180° 90°
180° Figure 2
Figure 1

Figure 1
Figure 2 Figure 2

Figure 2
Name the Transformation

1 1 Rotation 90°

Translation
2
2

1
1 2

Rotation 2
180° Reflection
Example 1 Identify Congruence Transformations

A. Identify the type of congruence transformation


shown as a reflection, translation, or rotation.

Each vertex and its image


are in the same position, just
5 units right and 2 units down.

Answer: This is a translation.


Example 2 Identify Congruence Transformations

B. Identify the type of congruence transformation


shown as a reflection, translation, or rotation.

Each vertex and its image are


the same distance from the
origin. The angles formed by
each pair of corresponding
points and the origin are
congruent.

Answer: This is a rotation.


Example 3 Identify Congruence Transformations

C. Identify the type of congruence transformation


shown as a reflection, translation, or rotation.

Each vertex and its image are


the same distance from the
x-axis.

Answer: This is a reflection.


A. Identify the type of
congruence transformation
shown as a reflection,
translation, or rotation.

A. reflection
A. A
B. translation B. B
C. C
C. rotation D. D

D. none of these
B. Identify the type of
congruence transformation
shown as a reflection,
translation, or rotation.

A. reflection
A. A
B. translation B. B
C. C
C. rotation D. D

D. none of these
C. Identify the type of
congruence transformation
shown as a reflection,
translation, or rotation.

A. reflection
A. A
B. translation B. B
C. C
C. rotation D. D

D. none of these
Part 2 Congruency
CONGRUENCE

Learning Objectives:

• Able to rotate and reflect shapes

• Know the meaning of congruency

• Able to identify congruent shapes


Similar Shapes
• Two shapes are said to be similar to each other if one is an
enlargement of the other.
Angles stay
the same, side
lengths
change

• What do you notice about the length of the


sides?
• What do you notice about the size of the
angles?
Congruence

• Two shapes are said to be congruent if they stay the same shape and
size

• The shapes may be a reflection of each other, or be rotated or


translated

Angles and side


lengths are the
same
a) YES {RHS}
b) YES {SAS}
c) NO. This is not AAcorS as the equal sides are not in
corresponding positions.
d) YES {AAcorS}
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆DEF
• Find the values of the marked unknowns in each of the following pairs of
congruent triangles. The dimensions given are in cm.

𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎𝟐° 𝒚 = 𝟒𝟔° 𝒛 = 𝟓. 𝟒 𝒄𝒎
∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 ≅ ∆WVU
• Find the values of the marked unknowns in each of the following pairs of
congruent triangles. The dimensions given are in cm.

𝒙 = 𝟑𝟐° 𝒚 = 𝟒𝟑° 𝒛 = 𝟗. 𝟗 𝒄𝒎
Choose 2 ATL SKILLS applicable for you to
demonstrate learning in this lesson. the icons.
Choose
2 IB Learner
Profile that can
be developed
upon learning
this lesson.
Thank You, Grade 8!

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