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Modelling With Trigonometric Functions

This document contains 5 questions about modeling trigonometric functions. The questions involve expressing trigonometric expressions in alternate forms, deriving equations of motion from graphs, finding maximum heights and times from trigonometric models, and discussing how to refine models. Solutions are expected to be exact, with values given to a specified number of decimal places. Graphical and numerical methods alone are not acceptable for some parts.

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187 views

Modelling With Trigonometric Functions

This document contains 5 questions about modeling trigonometric functions. The questions involve expressing trigonometric expressions in alternate forms, deriving equations of motion from graphs, finding maximum heights and times from trigonometric models, and discussing how to refine models. Solutions are expected to be exact, with values given to a specified number of decimal places. Graphical and numerical methods alone are not acceptable for some parts.

Uploaded by

sa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

com

Questions

Q1.

(a) Express 10 cos θ − 3 sin θ in the form R cos (θ + α), where R > 0 and 0 < α < 90°
Give the exact value of R and give the value of α, in degrees, to 2 decimal places.
(3)

Figure 3

The height above the ground, H metres, of a passenger on a Ferris wheel t minutes after the
wheel starts turning, is modelled by the equation

H = α − 10 cos (80 t)° + 3 sin (80 t)°

where α is a constant.

Figure 3 shows the graph of H against t for two complete cycles of the wheel.

Given that the initial height of the passenger above the ground is 1 metre,

(b) (i) find a complete equation for the model,


(ii) hence find the maximum height of the passenger above the ground.
(2)
(c) Find the time taken, to the nearest second, for the passenger to reach the maximum
height on the second cycle.
(Solutions based entirely on graphical or numerical methods are not acceptable.)
(3)
It is decided that, to increase profits, the speed of the wheel is to be increased.

(d) How would you adapt the equation of the model to reflect this increase in speed?
(1)

(Total for question = 9 marks)


Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q2.

The depth of water, D metres, in a harbour on a particular day is modelled by the formula

where t is the number of hours after midnight.

A boat enters the harbour at 6:30 am and it takes 2 hours to load its cargo.
The boat requires the depth of water to be at least 3.8 metres before it can leave the
harbour.

(a) Find the depth of the water in the harbour when the boat enters the harbour.
(1)
(b) Find, to the nearest minute, the earliest time the boat can leave the harbour.
(Solutions based entirely on graphical or numerical methods are not acceptable.)
(4)

(Total for question = 5 marks)


Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q3.

(a) Show that the x coordinates of the turning points of the curve with equation y = f(x)
satisfy the equation tan x = 4
(4)

Figure 3 shows a sketch of part of the curve with equation y = f(x).

(b) Sketch the graph of H against t where

showing the long-term behaviour of this curve.


(2)
The function H(t) is used to model the height, in metres, of a ball above the ground t seconds
after it has been kicked.

Using this model, find

(c) the maximum height of the ball above the ground between the first and second bounce.
(3)
(d) Explain why this model should not be used to predict the time of each bounce.
(1)

(Total for question = 10 marks)


Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q4.

(a) Express sinx + 2 cosx in the form Rsin(x + α) where R and α are constants, R > 0

and
Give the exact value of R and give the value of α in radians to 3 decimal places.
(3)
The temperature, θ °C , inside a room on a given day is modelled by the equation

where t is the number of hours after midnight.

Using the equation of the model and your answer to part (a),

(b) deduce the maximum temperature of the room during this day,
(1)
(c) find the time of day when the maximum temperature occurs, giving your answer to the
nearest minute.
(3)

(Total for question = 7 marks)


Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q5.

(a) Express 2cos θ – sin θ in the form R cos (θ + α), where R > 0 and 0 < α <
Give the exact value of R and the value of α in radians to 3 decimal places.
(3)

Figure 6 shows the cross-section of a water wheel.

The wheel is free to rotate about a fixed axis through the point C.

The point P is at the end of one of the paddles of the wheel, as shown in Figure 6.

The water level is assumed to be horizontal and of constant height.

The vertical height, H metres, of P above the water level is modelled by the equation

H = 3 + 4 cos (0.5t) – 2 sin (0.5t)

where t is the time in seconds after the wheel starts rotating.

Using the model, find

(b) (i) the maximum height of P above the water level,


(ii) the value of t when this maximum height first occurs, giving your answer to one
decimal place.
(3)
In a single revolution of the wheel, P is below the water level for a total of T seconds.

According to the model,

(c) find the value of T giving your answer to 3 significant figures.

(Solutions based entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.)


(4)
In reality, the water level may not be of constant height.

(d) Explain how the equation of the model should be refined to take this into account.
(1)
(Total for question = 11 marks)
Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Mark Scheme

Q1.
Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q2.
Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q3.
Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q4.
Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q5.
Modelling with Trigonometric Functions - Year 2 Core PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

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