Nama: Rafika Aulia Rahmadian Salya

NRP: 02211940000019
DAIK Kelas D

(Seri-seri)

m= 84000 lb/hr

Hot Fluid 42°C API Kerosone

T1= 300 °F
T2= 100 °F
Tavg= 200 °F
P allow= 10 psi
Rd= 0.004
Plant practice:
OD 0.75 inch
BWG 16
L 16 inch
[1] Heat Balance
Kerosone Cp= fig 4 0.545 Btu/lb.F
Q= m.Cp.ΔT= 9156000 Btu/hr
Water Cp= fig 4 0.95 Btu/lb.F
W= Q/cp.ΔT= 275368.421052632 lb/hr

[2] LMTD
Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Diff.
300 High temp. 120 180
100 Low temp. 85 15
165

LMTD= (Δt2-Δt1)/(ln(Δt2/Δt1))
LMTD= 66.4008847230044 °F
R= (T1-T2)/(t2-t1) = 5.71428571428571
S= (t2-t1)/(T1-t1) = 0.162790697674419
From Fig. 18 Ft = 0.85 tipe 1-2
Δt = LMTD x Ft = 56.4407520145537

[3] Caloric Temperature

Δtc/Δth = 0.083333333333333
42°API kerosene
Kc = (Fig. 17) 0.22
Fc = (Fig. 17) 0.31
Tc = T2+Fc(T1-T2) 162 °F
tc = t1+Fc(t2-t1) 95.85 °F
Trial:
(a) From table 8, Ud range for water-medium is 50-125
Assume Ud = 60
A = Q/Ud.Δt = 2703.72017652513 ft2
From table 10, a" = 0.1963
Nt = 860.83805926042 tubes
(b) Assume 2 passes
From table 9: 860 tubes, 2 passes, 3/4 in. OD on 1-in. triangular pitch
Nearest count 830 tubes
ID Shell = 33 inch
(c) Corrected coefficient, Ud
A = Nt x L x a" = 2606.864 ft2
Ud = 62.229257295934 btu/hr.ft2.°F

Hot fluid: shell side, 42°API kerosene

[4'] Flow Area
as = ID x C'B/144Pt
as = 0.378125 ft2

[5'] Mass Velocity (Gs)

Gs = W/as = 222148.760330579 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6'] Re s
At Tc = 162 °F
From Fig. 14,
µ= 0.86 cp 2.0812
From Fig. 28, for triangular pitch = 1 in2, De =
Re s = De.Gs/µ
Re s = 6493.39303612188

[7'] jH
From Fig. 28,
jH = 45

[8'] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 4, cp = 0.52 btu/lb.°F
From Fig. 1, k= 0.08 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 2.38273489248267

[9'] ho
ho = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸs
ho/ɸs = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3
ho/ɸs = 141.005681308564

[10'] Tube-wall temperature

tw = tc + ((ho/ɸs)/(hio/ɸt)+(ho/ɸs)) . (Tc-tc)
tw = 113.895526462007 °F

[11'] ɸs
At tw = 113.895526462007 °F
From Fig. 14,
µw = 1.3 cp 3.146
ɸs = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸs = 0.943795090461021

[12'] Corrected coefficient, ho

ho = (ho/ɸs)*ɸs
ho = 133.080469746134 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[13'] Clean overall coefficient, Uc

Uc = (hio.ho)/(hio+ho)
Uc = 97.5694153518342 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[14] Design overall coefficient, Ud

From Table 10, surface per lin ft
a" = 0.1963 ft2/lin ft
Total surface, A = 2606.864 ft2
Ud = Q/A.Δt
Ud = 62.229257295934 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[15] Dirt factor, Rd

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/(Uc.Ud)
Rd = 0.005820498305623 > 0,004 (memenehui dirt factor)

Hot fluid: shell side, 42°API kerosene

[1'] f, s
For Re s = 6493.39303612188
From Fig. 29 f= 0.002 ft2/in2
From Fig. 6 s= 0.78

[2'] No. of crosses, N+1 = 12L/B

N+1 = 29 1/9
Ds = 2 3/4 ft

[3'] ΔPs
ΔPs = 3.37771760286552 psi < P allowable 10 psi
Cold FluidWater
t1= 85 °F t1=
t2= 120 °F m1= lb/hr
tavg= 102.5 °F

T2=

Δt2
Δt1
Δt2-Δt1

Shell Side Tube Side

ID 33 inch Number (Nt) 830
 Baffle space 6 3/5 inch Length 16
Passes 1 OD 0.75
BWG 16
Pitch 1
ft2/lin ft (for OD 3/4 inch) Passes (n) 2

on 1-in. triangular pitch

tu/hr.ft2.°F

Trial 1 for Ud = 60
I kerosene Cold fluid: tube side, wat
[4] Flow Area
dimana C' 0.25 From Table 10,
at' = 0.302 in2
at = (Nt.at')/(144n)
at = 0.8703472222 ft2

[5] Mass Velocity (Gt)

Gt = W/at = 316389.15369 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6] Re t
At tc = 95.85 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µ= 0.78 cp
0.73 inch 0.06083333 ft From Table 10, Dt = ID =
Re t = Dt.Gt/µ
Re t = 8660.0831429

[7] jH
From Fig. 24, L/D = 21.33333
jH = 38

[8] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 2, cp = 0.95
tu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft) From Table 4,k = 0.363
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.7031084994

[9] hi
 hi = jH.(k/Dt).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸt
hi/ɸt = jH.(k/Dt).(cµ/k)^1/3
hi/ɸt = 454.69700595

[10] hio
hio/ɸt = hi/ɸt . ID/OD
From table 10 for 3/4 in OD, BWG 16,
OD 0.75 inch
ID 0.62 inch
hio/ɸt = 375.88285825 btu/hr.ft2.°F

[11] ɸt
At tw = 113.89552646 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µw = 0.95 cp
ɸt = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸt = 0.9727739669

[12] Corrected coefficient, hio

hio = (hio/ɸt)*ɸt
hio = 365.64905913 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

diantara range 50-125 (water-medium)

Pressure Drop
I kerosene Cold fluid: tube side, Wa
[1] f, s
For Re t = 8660.0831429
From Fig. 26 f = 0.00015
From Fig. 6 s = 1

[2] ΔPt
 ΔPt = 0.1831435064 psi

[3] ΔPr
Gt = 316389.15369
P allowable 10 psi From Fig. 27,
V^2/2g' = 0.014
ΔPr = (4n/s)(V^2/2g')
ΔPr = 0.112

[4] ΔPT
ΔPT = ΔPt + ΔPr
ΔPT = 0.2951435064 psi
 T1=

t2=

ube Side
 inch

in2 (triangular pitch)

ld fluid: tube side, water

lb/(hr)(ft2)

1.8876 lb/ft.hr
0.62 inch 0.051667 ft

btu/lb.°F
Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
 0.0625 ft
0.051667 ft
btu/hr.ft2.°F to achieve tw, input this

2.299 lb/ft.hr

Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

ld fluid: tube side, Water

ft2/in2
< P allowable 10 psi
Nama: Rafika Aulia Rahmadian Salya
NRP: 02211940000019
DAIK Kelas D

(Seri-seri)

m= 84000 lb/hr

Hot Fluid 42°C API Kerosone

T1= 300 °F
T2= 100 °F
Tavg= 200 °F
P allow= 10 psi
Rd= 0.004
Plant practice:
OD 0.75 inch
BWG 16
L 16 inch
[1] Heat Balance
Kerosone Cp= fig 4 0.545 Btu/lb.F
Q= m.Cp.ΔT= 9156000 Btu/hr
Water Cp= fig 4 0.95 Btu/lb.F
W= Q/cp.ΔT= 275368.421052632 lb/hr

[2] LMTD
Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Diff.
300 High temp. 120 180
100 Low temp. 85 15
165

LMTD= (Δt2-Δt1)/(ln(Δt2/Δt1))
LMTD= 66.4008847230044 °F
R= (T1-T2)/(t2-t1) = 5.71428571428571
S= (t2-t1)/(T1-t1) = 0.162790697674419
From Fig. 18 Ft = 0.85 tipe 1-2
Δt = LMTD x Ft = 56.4407520145537

[3] Caloric Temperature

Δtc/Δth = 0.083333333333333
42°API kerosene
Kc = (Fig. 17) 0.22
Fc = (Fig. 17) 0.31
Tc = T2+Fc(T1-T2) 162 °F
tc = t1+Fc(t2-t1) 95.85 °F
Trial:
(a) From table 8, Ud range for water-medium is 50-125
Assume Ud = 60
A = Q/Ud.Δt = 2703.72017652513 ft2
From table 10, a" = 0.1963
Nt = 860.83805926042 tubes
(b) Assume 2 passes
From table 9: 860 tubes, 2 passes, 3/4 in. OD on 1-in. triangular pitch
Nearest count 830 tubes
ID Shell = 33 inch
(c) Corrected coefficient, Ud
A = Nt x L x a" = 2606.864 ft2
Ud = 62.229257295934 btu/hr.ft2.°F

Hot fluid: shell side, 42°API kerosene

[4'] Flow Area
as = ID x C'B/144Pt
as = 0.378125 ft2

[5'] Mass Velocity (Gs)

Gs = W/as = 222148.760330579 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6'] Re s
At Tc = 162 °F
From Fig. 14,
µ= 0.86 cp 2.0812
From Fig. 28, for triangular pitch = 1 in2, De =
Re s = De.Gs/µ
Re s = 6493.39303612188

[7'] jH
From Fig. 28,
jH = 45

[8'] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 4, cp = 0.52 btu/lb.°F
From Fig. 1, k= 0.08 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 2.38273489248267

[9'] ho
ho = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸs
ho/ɸs = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3
ho/ɸs = 141.005681308564

[10'] Tube-wall temperature

tw = tc + ((ho/ɸs)/(hio/ɸt)+(ho/ɸs)) . (Tc-tc)
tw = 111.729188975126 °F

[11'] ɸs
At tw = 111.729188975126 °F
From Fig. 14,
µw = 1.3 cp 3.146
ɸs = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸs = 0.943795090461021

[12'] Corrected coefficient, ho

ho = (ho/ɸs)*ɸs
ho = 133.080469746134 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[13'] Clean overall coefficient, Uc

Uc = (hio.ho)/(hio+ho)
Uc = 102.517901458698 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[14] Design overall coefficient, Ud

From Table 10, surface per lin ft
a" = 0.1963 ft2/lin ft
Total surface, A = 2606.864 ft2
Ud = Q/A.Δt
Ud = 62.229257295934 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[15] Dirt factor, Rd

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/(Uc.Ud)
Rd = 0.006315217710026 > 0,004 (memenehui dirt factor)

Hot fluid: shell side, 42°API kerosene

[1'] f, s
For Re s = 6493.39303612188
From Fig. 29 f= 0.002 ft2/in2
From Fig. 6 s= 0.78

[2'] No. of crosses, N+1 = 12L/B

N+1 = 29 1/9
Ds = 2 3/4 ft

[3'] ΔPs
ΔPs = 3.37771760286552 psi < P allowable 10 psi
Cold FluidWater
t1= 85 °F t1=
t2= 120 °F m1= lb/hr
tavg= 102.5 °F

T2=

Δt2
Δt1
Δt2-Δt1

Shell Side Tube Side

ID 33 inch Number (Nt) 830
 Baffle space 6 3/5 inch Length 16
Passes 1 OD 0.75
BWG 16
Pitch 1
ft2/lin ft (for OD 3/4 inch) Passes (n) 2

on 1-in. triangular pitch

tu/hr.ft2.°F

Trial 1 for Ud = 60
I kerosene Cold fluid: tube side, wat
[4] Flow Area
dimana C' 0.25 From Table 10,
at' = 0.302 in2
at = (Nt.at')/(144n)
at = 0.8703472222 ft2

[5] Mass Velocity (Gt)

Gt = W/at = 316389.15369 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6] Re t
At tc = 95.85 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µ= 0.78 cp
0.73 inch 0.06083333 ft From Table 10, Dt = ID =
Re t = Dt.Gt/µ
Re t = 8660.0831429

v= 1.4061740164

Dari Figure 25 Didapatkan

hi koreksi 540
tu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft) faktor koreksi 1

[9] hi
 hi= 540

[10] hio
hio= hi * ID/OD
From table 10 for 3/4 in OD, BWG 16,
OD 0.75 inch
ID 0.62 inch
hio = 446.4 btu/hr.ft2.°F

lb/ft.hr [11] ɸt

ɸt = 1

[12] Corrected coefficient, hio

hio =
hio = 446.4 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

diantara range 50-125 (water-medium)

Pressure Drop
I kerosene Cold fluid: tube side, Wa
[1] f, s
For Re t = 8660.0831429
From Fig. 26 f = 0.00028
From Fig. 6 s = 1

[2] ΔPt
 ΔPt = 0.3325601725 psi

[3] ΔPr
Gt = 316389.15369
P allowable 10 psi From Fig. 27,
V^2/2g' = 0.014
ΔPr = (4n/s)(V^2/2g')
ΔPr = 0.112

[4] ΔPT
ΔPT = ΔPt + ΔPr
ΔPT = 0.4445601725 psi
 T1=

t2=

ube Side
 inch

in2 (triangular pitch)

ld fluid: tube side, water

lb/(hr)(ft2)

1.8876 lb/ft.hr
0.62 inch 0.051667 ft

𝐵𝑡𝑢/
𝑗𝑎𝑚 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2.℉
 0.0625 ft
0.051667 ft
btu/hr.ft2.°F to achieve tw, input this

Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

ld fluid: tube side, Water

ft2/in2
< P allowable 10 psi
Nama: Rafika Aulia Rahmadian Salya
NRP: 02211940000019
DAIK Kelas D

(Seri-seri)

m= 33114 lb/hr

Hot Fluid n-butyl alkohol

T1= 210 °F
T2= 105 °F
Tavg= 157.5 °F
P allow= 10 psi
Rd= 0.0035
Plant practice:
OD 0.75 inch
BWG 16
L 16 inch
[1] Heat Balance
n-butyl alkohol Cp= fig 3 0.7 Btu/lb.F
Q= m.Cp.ΔT= 2433879 Btu/hr
Water Cp= fig 4 0.95 Btu/lb.F
W= Q/cp.ΔT= 128098.894736842 lb/hr

[2] LMTD
Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Diff.
210 High temp. 115 95
105 Low temp. 95 10
85

LMTD= (Δt2-Δt1)/(ln(Δt2/Δt1))
LMTD= 37.7561007651755 °F
R= (T1-T2)/(t2-t1) = 5.25
S= (t2-t1)/(T1-t1) = 0.173913043478261
From Fig. 18 Ft = 0.85 tipe 1-2
Δt = LMTD x Ft = 32.0926856503992

[3] Caloric Temperature

Δtc/Δth = 0.105263157894737

Kc =
Fc =
Tc = T1+T2/2 157.5 °F
tc = t1+t2/2 105 °F
Trial:
(a) From table 8, Ud range for light organics water is 75-150
Assume Ud = 120
A = Q/Ud.Δt = 631.992137427979 ft2
From table 10, a" = 0.1963
Nt = 201.220115075133 tubes
(b) Assume 2 passes
From table 9: 284 tubes, 2 passes, 3/4 in. OD on 1-in. square pitch
Nearest count 270 tubes
ID Shell = 21 1/4 inch
(c) Corrected coefficient, Ud
A = Nt x L x a" = 848.016 ft2
Ud = 89.4311622556149 btu/hr.ft2.°F

Hot fluid: shell side, n-butyl alchohol

[4'] Flow Area
as = ID x C'B/144Pt
as = 0.156792534722222 ft2

[5'] Mass Velocity (Gs)

Gs = W/as = 211196.279584775 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6'] Re s
At Tc = 157.5 °F
From Fig. 14,
µ= 0.9 cp 2.178
From Fig. 28, for square pitch = 1 in2, De =
Re s = De.Gs/µ
Re s = 7676.63244588064

[7'] jH
From Fig. 28,
jH = 49

[8'] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 2, cp = 0.7 btu/lb.°F
From Fig. 1, k= 0.095 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 2.5223814858264

[9'] ho
ho = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸs
ho/ɸs = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3
ho/ɸs = 148.316031366593

[10'] Tube-wall temperature

tw = tc + ((ho/ɸs)/(hio/ɸt)+(ho/ɸs)) . (Tc-tc)
tw = 117.451046628074 °F

[11'] ɸs
At tw = 117.451046628074 °F
From Fig. 14,
µw = 1.4 cp 3.388
ɸs = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸs = 0.940017689461524

[12'] Corrected coefficient, ho

ho = (ho/ɸs)*ɸs
ho = 139.419693115327 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[13'] Clean overall coefficient, Uc

Uc = (hio.ho)/(hio+ho)
Uc = 106.833952838787 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[14] Design overall coefficient, Ud

From Table 10, surface per lin ft
a" = 0.1963 ft2/lin ft
Total surface, A = 848.016 ft2
Ud = Q/A.Δt
Ud = 89.4311622556149 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[15] Dirt factor, Rd

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/(Uc.Ud)
Rd = 0.001821464543403 > 0,0035 (memenehui dirt factor)

Hot fluid: shell side, 42°API kerosene

[1'] f, s
For Re s = 7676.63244588064
From Fig. 29 f= 0.002 ft2/in2
From Fig. 6 s= 0.78

[2'] No. of crosses, N+1 = 12L/B

N+1 = 45 1/6
Ds = 1 7/9 ft

[3'] ΔPs
ΔPs = 2.35531511031784 psi < P allowable 10 psi
Cold FluidWater
t1= 95 °F t1=
t2= 115 °F m1= lb/hr
tavg= 105 °F

T2=

Δt2
Δt1
Δt2-Δt1

Shell Side Tube Side

ID 21 1/4 inch Number (Nt) 270
 Baffle space 4 1/4 inch Length 16
er is 75-150 Passes 1 OD 0.75
BWG 16
Pitch 1
ft2/lin ft (for OD 3/4 inch) Passes (n) 2

on 1-in. square pitch

tu/hr.ft2.°F

Trial 1 for Ud = 85
yl alchohol Cold fluid: tube side, wat
[4] Flow Area
dimana C' 0.25 From Table 10,
at' = 0.302 in2
at = (Nt.at')/(144n)
at = 0.283125 ft2

[5] Mass Velocity (Gt)

Gt = W/at = 452446.42733 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6] Re t
At tc = 105 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µ= 0.7 cp
0.95 inch 0.07916667 ft From Table 10, Dt = ID =
Re t = Dt.Gt/µ
Re t = 13799.527004

[7] jH
From Fig. 24, L/D = 21.33333
jH = 50

[8] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 2, cp = 0.95
tu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft) From Table 4,k = 0.363
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.6427701217

[9] hi
 hi = jH.(k/Dt).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸt
hi/ɸt = jH.(k/Dt).(cµ/k)^1/3
hi/ɸt = 577.08924598

[10] hio
hio/ɸt = hi/ɸt . ID/OD
From table 10 for 3/4 in OD, BWG 16,
OD 0.75 inch
ID 0.62 inch
hio/ɸt = 477.06044335 btu/hr.ft2.°F

[11] ɸt
At tw = 117.45104663 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µw = 0.95 cp
ɸt = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸt = 0.9581476105

[12] Corrected coefficient, hio

hio = (hio/ɸt)*ɸt
hio = 457.09432386 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

Pressure Drop
I kerosene Cold fluid: tube side, Wa
[1] f, s
For Re t = 13799.527004
From Fig. 26 f = 0.00015
From Fig. 6 s = 1

[2] ΔPt
 ΔPt = 0.3802438482 psi

[3] ΔPr
Gt = 452446.42733
P allowable 10 psi From Fig. 27,
V^2/2g' = 0.014
ΔPr = (4n/s)(V^2/2g')
ΔPr = 0.112

[4] ΔPT
ΔPT = ΔPt + ΔPr
ΔPT = 0.4922438482 psi
 T1=

t2=

ube Side
 inch

in2 (square pitch)

ld fluid: tube side, water

lb/(hr)(ft2)

1.694 lb/ft.hr
0.62 inch 0.051667 ft

btu/lb.°F
Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
 0.0625 ft
0.051667 ft
btu/hr.ft2.°F to achieve tw, input this

2.299 lb/ft.hr

Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

ld fluid: tube side, Water

ft2/in2
< P allowable 10 psi
Nama: Rafika Aulia Rahmadian Salya
NRP: 02211940000019
DAIK Kelas D

(Seri-seri)

m= 33114 lb/hr

Hot Fluid n-butyl alkohol

T1= 210 °F
T2= 105 °F
Tavg= 157.5 °F
P allow= 10 psi
Rd= 0.0035
Plant practice:
OD 0.75 inch
BWG 16
L 16 inch
[1] Heat Balance
n-butyl alkohol Cp= fig 3 0.7 Btu/lb.F
Q= m.Cp.ΔT= 2433879 Btu/hr
Water Cp= fig 4 0.95 Btu/lb.F
W= Q/cp.ΔT= 128098.894736842 lb/hr

[2] LMTD
Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Diff.
210 High temp. 115 95
105 Low temp. 95 10
85

LMTD= (Δt2-Δt1)/(ln(Δt2/Δt1))
LMTD= 37.7561007651755 °F
R= (T1-T2)/(t2-t1) = 5.25
S= (t2-t1)/(T1-t1) = 0.173913043478261
From Fig. 18 Ft = 0.85 tipe 1-2
Δt = LMTD x Ft = 32.0926856503992

[3] Caloric Temperature

Δtc/Δth = 0.105263157894737

Kc =
Fc =
Tc = T1+T2/2 157.5 °F
tc = t1+t2/2 105 °F
Trial:
(a) From table 8, Ud range for medium organics water is 50-125
Assume Ud = 60
A = Q/Ud.Δt = 1263.98427485596 ft2
From table 10, a" = 0.1963
Nt = 402.440230150267 tubes
(b) Assume 2 passes
From table 9: 402 tubes, 2 passes, 3/4 in. OD on 1-in. square pitch
Nearest count 394 tubes
ID Shell = 25 inch
(c) Corrected coefficient, Ud
A = Nt x L x a" = 1237.4752 ft2
Ud = 61.2853142360813 btu/hr.ft2.°F

Hot fluid: shell side, n-butyl alchohol

[4'] Flow Area
as = ID x C'B/144Pt
as = 0.217013888888889 ft2

[5'] Mass Velocity (Gs)

Gs = W/as = 152589.312 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6'] Re s
At Tc = 157.5 °F
From Fig. 14,
µ= 0.9 cp 2.178
From Fig. 28, for square pitch = 1 in2, De =
Re s = De.Gs/µ
Re s = 5546.36694214876

[7'] jH
From Fig. 28,
jH = 38

[8'] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 2, cp = 0.7 btu/lb.°F
From Fig. 1, k= 0.095 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 2.5223814858264

[9'] ho
ho = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸs
ho/ɸs = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3
ho/ɸs = 115.020595753684

[10'] Tube-wall temperature

tw = tc + ((ho/ɸs)/(hio/ɸt)+(ho/ɸs)) . (Tc-tc)
tw = 116.082258099126 °F

[11'] ɸs
At tw = 116.082258099126 °F
From Fig. 14,
µw = 1.4 cp 3.388
ɸs = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸs = 0.940017689461524

[12'] Corrected coefficient, ho

ho = (ho/ɸs)*ɸs
ho = 108.121394660866 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[13'] Clean overall coefficient, Uc

Uc = (hio.ho)/(hio+ho)
Uc = 86.3918492977885 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[14] Design overall coefficient, Ud

From Table 10, surface per lin ft
a" = 0.1963 ft2/lin ft
Total surface, A = 1237.4752 ft2
Ud = Q/A.Δt
Ud = 61.2853142360813 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[15] Dirt factor, Rd

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/(Uc.Ud)
Rd = 0.004741956790377 > 0,0035 (memenehui dirt factor)

Hot fluid: shell side, 42°API kerosene

[1'] f, s
For Re s = 5546.36694214876
From Fig. 29 f= 0.0028 ft2/in2
From Fig. 6 s= 0.78

[2'] No. of crosses, N+1 = 12L/B

N+1 = 38 2/5
Ds = 2 1/9 ft

[3'] ΔPs
ΔPs = 1.72128489162749 psi < P allowable 10 psi
Cold FluidWater
t1= 95 °F t1=
t2= 115 °F m1= lb/hr
tavg= 105 °F

T2=

Δt2
Δt1
Δt2-Δt1

Shell Side Tube Side

ID 25 inch Number (Nt) 394
 Baffle space 5 inch Length 16
water is 50-125 Passes 1 OD 0.75
BWG 16
Pitch 1
ft2/lin ft (for OD 3/4 inch) Passes (n) 2

on 1-in. square pitch

tu/hr.ft2.°F

Trial 1 for Ud = 85
yl alchohol Cold fluid: tube side, wat
[4] Flow Area
dimana C' 0.25 From Table 10,
at' = 0.302 in2
at = (Nt.at')/(144n)
at = 0.4131527778 ft2

[5] Mass Velocity (Gt)

Gt = W/at = 310052.12025 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6] Re t
At tc = 105 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µ= 0.7 cp
0.95 inch 0.07916667 ft From Table 10, Dt = ID =
Re t = Dt.Gt/µ
Re t = 9456.5286577

v= 1.3780094233

Dari Figure 25 Didapatkan

hi koreksi 520
tu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft) faktor koreksi 1

[9] hi
 hi= 520

[10] hio
hio= hi * ID/OD
From table 10 for 3/4 in OD, BWG 16,
OD 0.75 inch
ID 0.62 inch
hio = 429.86666667 btu/hr.ft2.°F

lb/ft.hr [11] ɸt

ɸt = 1

[12] Corrected coefficient, hio

hio =
hio = 429.86666667 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

Pressure Drop
I kerosene Cold fluid: tube side, Wa
[1] f, s
For Re t = 9456.5286577
From Fig. 26 f = 0.00029
From Fig. 6 s = 1

[2] ΔPt
 ΔPt = 0.3307778659 psi

[3] ΔPr
Gt = 310052.12025
P allowable 10 psi From Fig. 27,
V^2/2g' = 0.014
ΔPr = (4n/s)(V^2/2g')
ΔPr = 0.112

[4] ΔPT
ΔPT = ΔPt + ΔPr
ΔPT = 0.4427778659 psi
 T1=

t2=

ube Side
 inch

in2 (square pitch)

ld fluid: tube side, water

lb/(hr)(ft2)

1.694 lb/ft.hr
0.62 inch 0.051667 ft

𝐵𝑡𝑢/
𝑗𝑎𝑚 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2.℉
 0.0625 ft
0.051667 ft
btu/hr.ft2.°F to achieve tw, input this

Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

ld fluid: tube side, Water

ft2/in2
< P allowable 10 psi
Nama: Rafika Aulia Rahmadian Salya
NRP: 02211940000019
DAIK Kelas D

(Seri-seri)

m= 33114 lb/hr

Hot Fluid n-butyl alkohol

T1= 210 °F
T2= 105 °F
Tavg= 157.5 °F
P allow= 10 psi
Rd= 0.0035
Plant practice:
OD 0.75 inch
BWG 16
L 16 inch
[1] Heat Balance
n-butyl alkohol Cp= fig 3 0.7 Btu/lb.F
Q= m.Cp.ΔT= 2433879 Btu/hr
Water Cp= fig 4 0.95 Btu/lb.F
W= Q/cp.ΔT= 128098.894736842 lb/hr

[2] LMTD
Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Diff.
210 High temp. 115 95
105 Low temp. 95 10
85

LMTD= (Δt2-Δt1)/(ln(Δt2/Δt1))
LMTD= 37.7561007651755 °F
R= (T1-T2)/(t2-t1) = 5.25
S= (t2-t1)/(T1-t1) = 0.173913043478261
From Fig. 18 Ft = 0.85 tipe 1-2
Δt = LMTD x Ft = 32.0926856503992

[3] Caloric Temperature

Δtc/Δth = 0.105263157894737

Kc =
Fc =
Tc = T1+T2/2 157.5 °F
tc = t1+t2/2 105 °F
Trial:
(a) From table 8, Ud range for medium organics water is 50-125
Assume Ud = 60
A = Q/Ud.Δt = 1263.98427485596 ft2
From table 10, a" = 0.1963
Nt = 402.440230150267 tubes
(b) Assume 2 passes
From table 9: 402 tubes, 2 passes, 3/4 in. OD on 1-in. square pitch
Nearest count 394 tubes
ID Shell = 25 inch
(c) Corrected coefficient, Ud
A = Nt x L x a" = 1237.4752 ft2
Ud = 61.2853142360813 btu/hr.ft2.°F

Hot fluid: shell side, n-butyl alchohol

[4'] Flow Area
as = ID x C'B/144Pt
as = 0.217013888888889 ft2

[5'] Mass Velocity (Gs)

Gs = W/as = 152589.312 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6'] Re s
At Tc = 157.5 °F
From Fig. 14,
µ= 0.9 cp 2.178
From Fig. 28, for square pitch = 1 in2, De =
Re s = De.Gs/µ
Re s = 5546.36694214876

[7'] jH
From Fig. 28,
jH = 38

[8'] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 2, cp = 0.7 btu/lb.°F
From Fig. 1, k= 0.095 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 2.5223814858264

[9'] ho
ho = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸs
ho/ɸs = jH.(k/Ds).(cµ/k)^1/3
ho/ɸs = 115.020595753684

[10'] Tube-wall temperature

tw = tc + ((ho/ɸs)/(hio/ɸt)+(ho/ɸs)) . (Tc-tc)
tw = 118.45006724404 °F

[11'] ɸs
At tw = 118.45006724404 °F
From Fig. 14,
µw = 1.4 cp 3.388
ɸs = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸs = 0.940017689461524

[12'] Corrected coefficient, ho

ho = (ho/ɸs)*ɸs
ho = 108.121394660866 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[13'] Clean overall coefficient, Uc

Uc = (hio.ho)/(hio+ho)
Uc = 80.8133370070034 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[14] Design overall coefficient, Ud

From Table 10, surface per lin ft
a" = 0.1963 ft2/lin ft
Total surface, A = 1237.4752 ft2
Ud = Q/A.Δt
Ud = 61.2853142360813 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

[15] Dirt factor, Rd

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/(Uc.Ud)
Rd = 0.003942927714169 > 0,0035 (memenehui dirt factor)

Hot fluid: shell side, 42°API kerosene

[1'] f, s
For Re s = 5546.36694214876
From Fig. 29 f= 0.002 ft2/in2
From Fig. 6 s= 0.78

[2'] No. of crosses, N+1 = 12L/B

N+1 = 38 2/5
Ds = 2 1/9 ft

[3'] ΔPs
ΔPs = 1.22948920830535 psi < P allowable 10 psi
Cold FluidWater
t1= 95 °F t1=
t2= 115 °F m1= lb/hr
tavg= 105 °F

T2=

Δt2
Δt1
Δt2-Δt1

Shell Side Tube Side

ID 25 inch Number (Nt) 394
 Baffle space 5 inch Length 16
water is 50-125 Passes 1 OD 0.75
BWG 16
Pitch 1
ft2/lin ft (for OD 3/4 inch) Passes (n) 2

on 1-in. square pitch

tu/hr.ft2.°F

Trial 1 for Ud = 85
yl alchohol Cold fluid: tube side, wat
[4] Flow Area
dimana C' 0.25 From Table 10,
at' = 0.302 in2
at = (Nt.at')/(144n)
at = 0.4131527778 ft2

[5] Mass Velocity (Gt)

Gt = W/at = 310052.12025 lb/(hr)(ft2)

[6] Re t
At tc = 105 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µ= 0.7 cp
0.95 inch 0.07916667 ft From Table 10, Dt = ID =
Re t = Dt.Gt/µ
Re t = 9456.5286577

[7] jH
From Fig. 24, L/D = 21.33333
jH = 35

[8] cp, k, and (cµ/k)^1/3

From Fig. 2, cp = 0.95
tu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft) From Table 4,k = 0.363
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.6427701217

[9] hi
 hi = jH.(k/Dt).(cµ/k)^1/3.ɸt
hi/ɸt = jH.(k/Dt).(cµ/k)^1/3
hi/ɸt = 403.96247219

[10] hio
hio/ɸt = hi/ɸt . ID/OD
From table 10 for 3/4 in OD, BWG 16,
OD 0.75 inch
ID 0.62 inch
hio/ɸt = 333.94231034 btu/hr.ft2.°F

[11] ɸt
At tw = 118.45006724 °F
From Fig. 14,
lb/ft.hr µw = 0.95 cp
ɸt = (µ/µw)^0,14
ɸt = 0.9581476105

[12] Corrected coefficient, hio

hio = (hio/ɸt)*ɸt
hio = 319.9660267 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

Pressure Drop
I kerosene Cold fluid: tube side, Wa
[1] f, s
For Re t = 9456.5286577
From Fig. 26 f = 0.00015
From Fig. 6 s = 1

[2] ΔPt
 ΔPt = 0.1785653878 psi

[3] ΔPr
Gt = 310052.12025
P allowable 10 psi From Fig. 27,
V^2/2g' = 0.014
ΔPr = (4n/s)(V^2/2g')
ΔPr = 0.112

[4] ΔPT
ΔPT = ΔPt + ΔPr
ΔPT = 0.2905653878 psi
 T1=

t2=

ube Side
 inch

in2 (square pitch)

ld fluid: tube side, water

lb/(hr)(ft2)

1.694 lb/ft.hr
0.62 inch 0.051667 ft

btu/lb.°F
Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F/ft)
 0.0625 ft
0.051667 ft
btu/hr.ft2.°F to achieve tw, input this

2.299 lb/ft.hr

Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F)

ld fluid: tube side, Water

ft2/in2
< P allowable 10 psi
Nama: Rafika Aulia Rahmadian Salya
NRP: 02211940000019
DAIK Kelas D