DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY

MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

COURSE MATERIAL

MODULE

Lesson 3 Basics and Core Maths Tools - Spreadsheets

You have more or less reviewed your knowledge and skills in the fractions,
decimals, percentage, ratio, proportion, interest, discount and annuity. You
somehow did them manually and a bit of technology. This time, let us make some
IT connection by exporting what you previously did into digital forms.

So welcome to the digital world of Money Maths (Charrrrr, basic ra ta oi. Mahawod
palang mo, roflmao!).

Before proceeding, you we will first go to the basics of spreadsheets (or

worksheets).

What are Spreadsheets?

A spreadsheet (/ˈspredˌSHēt/) or worksheet is an electronic document made of rows

and columns (see next figure) that help sort data, arrange data easily, and calculate
numerical data. It has functions that calculate values using mathematical formulas
and the data in cells (www.computerhope.com). In an accounting office for
example, there are a lot of things to be handled on a monthly basis. Rent for office
space, salary of permanent employees, PhilHealth and other insurance system
contributions like GSIS, SSS, and Pag-IBIG may be uniform every month but
payables like electricity, fuel (gasoline) and the likes may vary. They can be
computed manually though. But more often than not, a lot of extra or missing
payments, or a lot of changes in the amount of the regularly scheduled payments
can occur anytime which are very laborious and time-consuming. This will be worse
when the company employs a lot of people. A such automation is necessary.

The most popular spreadsheet application used today to handle all this kind of
concern is MS Excel. It is a very useful tool for a wide range of business and
financial calculations. Ours is basic or introduction only. The idea is to use it for our
Money Maths problems / tasks.

Although you are expected to have mastered (or the least tried) this in your SHS,
we will still have some basics purposely to review your prior knowledge and skills
on computer applications and acclimatize yourselves for the next set of tasks.

Assuming you knew how to run Excel, the figure at right is its layout or window. We
will identify some parts only. You do the rest.

Please, understand that this is not our main course. Mastering Excel require another
course and huge amount of laboratory time. This is only part of Math 15. Hence, I
will share only (at least) those that are useful in the compliance of your tasks.
 DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
COURSE MATERIAL

Layout, Cell and Some Functionalities of a Spreadsheet / Workbook

A typical program has the usual menu of functionalities represented by words or

icons. Excel has these plus the working space called the spreadsheet or worksheet.
A spreadsheet is a rectangular arrangement of individual packets of information.
Each pocket or block is called a cell (see Figure below). It can contain letters,
numbers, letters plus numbers, few special characters as well as formulas. The file
that is composed of one or more spreadsheets is called a workbook. In older
versions, every time you start and create a new workbook, you get to see three (3)
worksheets (see Sheet Tabs below). However, for newer versions of Excel (like
Excel 2019), there is only one worksheet in the workbook upon startup.

Source: www.computerhope.com

A group of cells arranged in a horizontal line is called a row while those forming
vertical line is called a column. The rows of a spreadsheet are numbered 1 starting
from the top and down to 1,048,576th line or row while the columns are identified by
letters starting from left (A) to right (XFD). Each cell is named by pairing the column
letter and row number, e.g. A1; that is column A and row 1. For example, in the
spreadsheet shown above, the word “Total” is contained in cell C6 while the entry
“$361.00” is in cell D8. The cell with black outline (B8) is known as the current cell.

The functionalities of Excel 2019 worksheet are found in the main menu with nine
(9) sub-menus (see Figure below). Each sub-menu also has sub-sub-menus.
 DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
COURSE MATERIAL

Menus Icons / Menu Bar

File

Home

Insert

Page
Layout

Formulas

Data

Review
 DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
COURSE MATERIAL

View

Help

Under the File menu are five commonly used functions: New, Open, Save as and
Print. If you wish to create a new workbook, choose New. Click Open to display
previously saved Excel file. Click Save if you are done with your work and wish to
name it prior to exit. Click Save As if you want another copy of the file in a different
name. Choose Print if you need a hardcopy of your work. Just be sure, your PC is
connected to a printer. There are also keyboard shortcuts (e.g. Ctrl+S); just discover
them.

You implement font (e.g. size, color), alignment (e.g. center, right justify), number
formatting (e.g. decimals, currency) through the Home menu. The Insert function
will allow you to embed digital objects into your worksheet like tables, charts, shapes
and symbols while in the Page Layout, you can change the margins, paper size
and so on. In business applications, there are formulas that are useful. You can
have this done via Formula menu or you can directly enter your formula in the cell.
Please, note that the formulas in Maths are the same formula in Excel except that
the way each is entered may vary from one formula to another.

The other very important functionality is the Data menu. This is for data analytics
or statistics which is very useful when you do business research. One example of
how useful this function is when you have a product database. You want to arrange
the information with respect to the Name and Quantity of the product and sort them
in alphabetical and ascending order respectively.

There are still few others, you may explore them after the ones presented are
mastered.

□
 DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
COURSE MATERIAL

Task Set 3

Read Mathematics of Money and other uploaded files. You may refer also other
references. Analyze the problems well. Don’t be hasty. Haste makes waste. Comply
all requirements of each of the following:
1. [AICS] Create a new Excel workbook and encode anywhere in
1 2 3 1 2
Sheet2: 1 3 − 2 5 × 3 7 and 1 3 − 2 5 . Rename Sheet2 as Fractions

2. Recreate the following Table 3.1 in Sheet3. Start table at cell B2. In
the Sheet tabs, rename Sheet3 as <YourInitials_>Table31. (For
instance, you are Juan D. Cruz. You should rename Sheet3 as
JDC_Table31
Table 3.1
Fraction Decimal Percent
Item Ratio of Proportion of
(F) (D) (P)
𝑒
1 𝑔+2 F1 & D2 P2 & D3
5
𝑎
2 𝑎− F1 & F5 P5 & D4
𝑒𝑓
𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐 D2 &
3 −𝑒 D2 & P2
𝑏𝑑 D4
4 1𝑔𝑓 ÷ 2𝑏𝑓 P2 & P1 P3 & D3
𝑎 𝑐 𝑒
5 + 𝑑×𝑓 D1 & P4 P1 & D4
𝑏
Given: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4, e = ½ , f = ¾, g = 2 ¼

a. Copy the row and column headings or labels of Table 3.1 and
paste it in cell C3 in Sheet4. Make the necessary adjustments to
make it look like Table 3.2 below (minus the ? symbol). Rename
Sheet4 as <YourInitials_>Table32
Table 3.2 <Table title or caption>
Fraction Decimal Percent Proportion
Item Ratio of
(F) (D) (P) of
1 ? ? ? ? ?
2 ? ? ? ? ?
3 ? ? ? ? ?
4 ? ? ? ? ?
5 ? ? ? ? ?
Given: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4, e = ½, f = ¾, g = 2 ¼

Encode in cell C15 the value of variable a which is 1. In D15, type the
value of b which is 2, E15: 3, F15: 4, G15: 0.5, H15: 0.75 and I15:2.25

After this, start filling in the required missing values by using formulas
and not the values from your calculator. The formula should start with
the = symbol. What will be displayed is your table with values.
 DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
COURSE MATERIAL

Table 3.2 <Table title or caption>

Fraction Decimal Percent Proportion
Item Ratio of
(F) (D) (P) of
1 <value> <value> <value> <value> <value>
2 <value> <value> <value> <value> <value>
3 <value> <value> <value> <value> <value>
4 <value> <value> <value> <value> <value>
5 <value> <value> <value> <value> <value>
Given: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4, e = ½, f = ¾, g = 2 ¼

b. In Sheet4, you encode the formulas in such a way that formulas

will be visible and not the actual values. Adjust the line heights of
the cells.
Table 2
Fraction Decimal Percent Proportion
Item Ratio of
(F) (D) (P) of
1 <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula>
2 <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula>
3 <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula>
4 <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula>
5 <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula> <formula>
Given: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4, e = ½, f = ¾, g = 2 ¼

For example, for the first table block (Column2 which is Fraction
and line2 which is labeled Item 1), with the formula 𝑔 + 2 𝑒5 , you
type F1: = I15+2*G15/5 and so on. Take note your cell I15 has the
value of g = 2.25 or 2¼. Take note that for cells that does not
require formulas, just decide what to fill in.
c. When done, rename Sheet4 to Formulas.

3. Encode the following data on a new spreadsheet (only those in

shaded light green) in Sheet5.
Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
B1 Lender D1 Principal E1 Rate G1 Interest I1 Term
B2 Mr A D2 PHP123,456.78 E2 9.99% G2 ? I2 3 yrs.
B3 Ms X D3 PHP5,432.10 E3 ? G3 1,345.02 I3 5 mos.
B4 Mr Y D4 ? E4 0.1525 G4 2,525.00 I4 245 days*
B5 Ms F D5 PHP99,999.99 E5 0.105 G5 3,456.1 I5 ? weeks
B6 Mr K D6 ? E6 7.82% G6 23,456.7 I6 12 fortnights
B7 Ms J D7 PHP123,056.05 E7 ? G7 20,123.45 I7 25 months
B8 Total D8 ? E8 … G8 ? I8 …
Note: * - Banker’s Rule
Rename Sheet5 as IPRTs.

4. How much interest would you have to pay for a 20-month loan of P50,200.50
if the simple interest rate were 7.05%? Encode this problem first in cell A1
of Sheet6. Show values in this sheet then rename the sheet tab as Loan.
Solve. The solution, comment and formula should be inserted as a comment
in a given cell. No insertion or copy-pasting of image/s is allowed. Write this
problem and solution on Sheet6. Rename Sheet6 to Loans and color the
tab dark blue.
 DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
COURSE MATERIAL

5. Elise loaned Kyla P10,300 at a simple interest rate of 5.21%. Find the total
interest Elise will earn if the loan’s term is 128 days. Encode this problem
first in cell B51 of Sheet6. Solve. The solution, comment and formula should
be inserted as a comment in a given cell. No insertion or copy-pasting of
image/s is allowed.
6. If you invest 152,250.25 at 6.385% simple interest for 245 days, how much
will you earn on the investment? Encode this problem first in cell A2 of
Sheet7 and rename the sheet tab to Invest and color the tab orange. Solve.
The solution, comment and formula should be inserted as a comment in a
given cell. No insertion or copy-pasting of image/s is allowed. Rename
Sheet7 as Invest.
7. If you wanted to earn P500 interest from a bank deposit of P15,500:
a. How long would it take at a simple interest rate of 7%?
b. How long would it take at a 5% simple interest rate?
c. How long would it take at 3%?
d. Copy first the problem and paste in cell A1 of Sheet8 for Problem 7.a
then Solve.
e. Copy first the problem and paste in cell K30 of Sheet8 for Problem
7.b then Solve.
f. Copy first the problem and paste in cell A50 of Sheet8 for Problem
7.c then Solve.
g. Start a summary table of values and results in cell A75 of Sheet8.
The results should use excel formulas and not as constants simply
copied or encoded from Task02. The table should have proper title
and centered with respect to the table (and not with respect to the
sheet). Save and submit your spreadsheet file via Reply button as
MATH15_<APILYEDO_NGALAN>_Task03a
h. Deadtime: 2400HRS 8October2023
8. [AICS] Create a new spreadsheet for Compound Interest, comply all
requirements of each of the following:
a. Sheet1:
How much interest would you earn if you invested P1,100 at 6.5%
annually compounded interest for 4 years?
b. Sheet2:
If your great-great-great-great-great grandfather had invested P99 at
8% annually compounded interest 100 years ago, and his account
had been passed down from generation to generation without any
additional deposits or withdrawals, how much would the account be
worth today?
c. Sheet3:
Determine the present value if the future value is P38,000, the
interest rate is 7.25% compounded annually, and the term is 6 years.
d. Sheet4:
Create a new spreadsheet for this problem: A note has a maturity
value of P100,000. If the term is 260 days and the simple discount
rate is 9%, find (a) the amount of discount and (b) the proceeds.
 DAVAO ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
MATH 15 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
COURSE MATERIAL

e. Sheet5:
Find the maturity value of a 9-month discount note if the discount is
P1750 and the discount rate is 10.5%.
f. Sheet6:
Suppose that an investment manager buys a P210,000 Philippine
government discount note for P45,759.16. If note matures in 257
days, find the simple discount rate.
g. Sheet7:
h. A note with a maturity value of P260,000 is sold at a simple discount
rate of 4.05%. If the proceeds are P248,750, what is the term of the
note?
i. Save and submit your spreadsheet file via Reply button as
MATH15_<APILYEDO_NGALAN>_Task03b
j. Deadtime: 2400HRS 15October2023

*EndOfTaskSet