CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level
MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2013 series
9700 BIOLOGY
9700/31 Paper 31 (Advanced Practical Skills 1),
maximum raw mark 40
This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.
Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner
Report for Teachers.
Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.
Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2013 series for most IGCSE, GCE
Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
Mark scheme abbreviations:
; separates marking points
/ alternative answers for the same point
R reject
A accept (for answers correctly cued by the question, or by extra guidance)
AW alternative wording (where responses vary more than usual)
underline actual word given must be used by candidate (grammatical variants excepted)
max indicates the maximum number of marks that can be given
ora or reverse argument
mp marking point (with relevant number)
ecf error carried forward
I ignore
ACE Analysis, Conclusions and Evaluation (skills)
MMO Manipulations, Measurement and Observation (skills)
PDO Presentation of Data and Observations (skills)
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
Expected Answers
1 (a) (i) [max 15]
mp1 (MMO Decision) test for glucose/reducing sugar before sucrose/non-reducing sugar;
mp2 (MMO Decision) tests (gets a result for) only remaining solutions in next test so
test 1 S1, S2, S3, S4, S5
AND test 2 S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 minus solution(s) identified in test 1
AND test 3 S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 minus solution(s) identified in test 1 and test 2
AND test 4 S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 minus solution(s) identified in test 1, test 2 and test 3;
mp3 (MMO Decision) AND
cm3 or ml(s) once
volume of only Benedict’s equal to or more than
(solution) or sum of volumes volume of sample;
of Fehling’s A and B
mp4 (PDO Recording) draws in all the row lines in test 1 results table only;
starch glucose sucrose
test test test
Decision on method M or X or X or X
only starch, glucose, sucrose tests
ignore protein test
R and I only awarded in correct context of molecule test 1 test 2 test 3 test 4
being tested and reagent and for sucrose only if
after glucose (mp1 awarded)
collection records R or X or X or X or X
conclusion identification I or X or X or X or X
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
M,R and I are same marking points but can only be awarded in correct contexts of molecule tested and reagent for as shown below:
(starch) (glucose (ignore reducing/non-reducing ) (sucrose (ignore reducing/non-reducing ) (protein)
M decision on
Idea of uses iodine or or reducing sugar only) or non-reducing sugar only ignore method
Lugol’s; Benedict’s AND boil add acid/ HCl/ named acid AND heat/
do not give mark if warm AND neutralise/adds base/alkali/
or heat to degrees or oC AND any whole number
heated named alkali;
80 to and including 100 or range within 80 to 100
e.g. 80 to 100;
(starch + iodine) (glucose/reducing sugar + Benedict’s) (sucrose/non-reducing sugar + (protein + Biuret or
Benedict’s) KOH/NaOH and copper
only one positive only one positive result
sulphate or Biuret A and
result green or yellow or orange or red or brown or only one positive result
B)
blue/black or black or any combination; green or yellow or orange or red or brown
R Records
only one positive result
navy blue or dark or any combination;
biuret only accept lilac or
blue; ignore brick
purple or mauve or violet;
only award if test done after glucose
test.
do not give mark if S2 and S5 tested
the first test must have recorded results for all five solutions. Tests 2 and 3 must have recorded results for at least two solutions
(starch + iodine) (glucose/reducing sugar + Benedicts) (sucrose/non-reducing test + Benedicts) (protein + biuret or
I Conclusion
(S)4 and starch; (S)5 and glucose; (S)2 and sucrose; KOH/NaOH and copper
only award if test done after glucose test sulphate or biuret A and
B);
(S)3 and protein
Test 4
I is only awarded for (S)1 and contains no biological molecules/ none;
[max 15]
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
(ii) [1]
S2;
interpretation 1
ACE
(b) [3]
mp1 (independent variable)
(using reducing sugars or named reducing sugar/glucose/standard solutions)
ACE improvements 2
at least 5 sugar concentrations
or
at least five examples of concentrations;
mp2 serial dilution
or
simple dilution
or
described method for making different concentrations;
mp3 (dependent variable)
improvements 1
compare results/colour of plant extracts/samples/unknown with known (standard)
solutions;
ACE
[Total: 19]
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
2 (a) (i) [2]
do not give either mark if include units other than ep(g)u(nits)
mp1 L M N P
MMO collection 2
any numbers which add up to 11or 11.5 or 12 ignore 15 or 15.5 or 16 or
16.5 or 17;
mp1 any 4 values which add up to 30;
(ii) [3]
mp1 suitable plan diagram AND clear, sharp, unbroken lines;
do not give mark if do not give mark if
PDO layout 1
• any line outside the • less than 3 enclosed areas (ignore cells)
drawn line given • any part of line 1mm or thicker (use grid)
• any line off the grid • any feathery or broken or dashed line or
• any shading gap
• any ruled line • any tail or overlap
mp2 3 bands (3 lines) which AND AND
recording 1
dip downwards (completed outline at two converging lines to R;
PDO
base as) an enclosed
area from ends of lines
provided
mp3 (draws correct proportion and shape of layers)
MMO decision
1
AND
3 lines in the top half both of the top 2 bands are wider than 3rd band;
(iii) [2]
mp1 (inside the drawn outline) shows counting of all complete 1 cm by 1 cm squares
AND those squares which are half or more than half;
PDO display 2
mp1 number clearly linked to bundle AND
AND number clearly linked to xylem larger whole number to smaller whole
number to lowest denominator
OR
as fraction larger number over smaller
number to lowest denominator;
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
(b) (i) [4]
if draw a chart then only give mp1
mp1 x-axis AND y-axis
time of day(/) hours rate of transpiration (/) g cm–2 hr–1 ;
PDO layout 4
mp2 scale as x-axis AND y-axis
5:00 hours to 2 cm, labelled each 2 cm 0.5 to 2 cm labelled each 2 cm ;
mp3 correct plotting of all points as small cross or dot(in circle) or cross in circle;
mp4 six plots with ruled lines exactly point to AND (quality) smooth line less than 1 mm
point thick;
(ii) [1]
correct reading from graph with g cm–2 hr–1;
interpretation 1
ACE
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 8 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
(c) [4]
mp1 suitable drawing;
do not give mark if
• any shading
• draw over the print of the question
PDO layout 1
• any ruled lines
• less than 40 mm at widest distance across largest cell
• less than six enclosed areas
or if any outer lines (of enclosure)
• are thicker than 1 mm
• are feathery or broken/dashed or have a gap
• have any tail or overlap
mp2 only 6 complete cells drawn
collection 1
AND as two groups of 3 touching cells;
MMO
mp3 7 or fewer cells (cells between the layer of stained cells and the
recording 1
vascular bundles)
PDO
widest dimension of the biggest cell is at least twice the
narrowest dimension of the smallest cell (from the layer
of stained cells);
mp4 in one group of three cells, all cells must be drawn with double lines all the way round
MMO decision 1
AND
where two pairs of cells touch there must be three lines (representing the middle
lamella);
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
Page 9 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE AS/A LEVEL – May/June 2013 9700 31
(d) [max 5]
mp1 organise as a table with only AND headed AND
recording 1
three columns or rows separated J1 and Fig. 2.3 third column headed feature or
PDO
by lines AW or contains at least one
feature;
mp1 collected only differences;
collection 1
MMO
mp feature J1 Fig. 2.3
mp1 vascular bundle or not in a ring or separate in a ring or in line or
xylem or irregular or scattered or regular or continuous or
position further away from epidermis altogether or near
than others epidermis
any ref to size (either way but must be comparative)
variation in sizes (small and large) Ignore thickness
number (either way but must be comparative)
Idea of few(er) with more or numerous
shape star-shaped or egg- rounded or circular;
ACE interpretation MAX 3
shaped/AW or pointed at
one end
mp2 continuous absent or has not or no(ne) present or has or yes;
max 3
layer/cambium
mp3 trichome or hairs absent or has not or no(ne) present or has or yes
NOT root hair small(er) or few(er) large(r) or more;
Accept spike/thorn
or
hairs etc on cuticle
mp4 hollow or gap present or has or yes absent or has not or
or pith or centre or absent or has not or no(ne) no(ne)
parenchyma (cells) present or has or yes;
mp5 thickened cells/layer/ present or has or yes absent or has not or
collenchyma/ no(ne);
sclerenchyma
mp6 layer under thin(ner) thick(er);
epidermis
might be called
cortex
[Total: 21]
© Cambridge International Examinations 2013
