King Abdulaziz University

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Summer Training Report
July 2023 – September 2023

Submitted by
Ahmad Jari Alqarni
4𝑇𝐻 Year Student - 2035857
 Table of Content

1. Introduction
1.1 The student’s mission statement for the training activity
1.2 Expected Training Learning Outcomes.
2. The Company
2.1 Historical Background
2.2 Organisational Structure
2.3 Products
2.4 Customers
2.5 Engineering Units
2.6 Industrial Process
2.7 Environmental and Social Impact 2.8 Quality System
3. The training environment
3.1 Work environment
3.2 Standards, Regulations and Documentation
3.3 Training Timeline
4. Assigned task(s)/project(s)
4.1 Problem definition
4.2 Literature review and data collection
4.3 Knowledge integration with course work
4.4 Safety and environmental issues
4.5 Work plan
4.6 Economic Factors
4.7 Implementation
4.8 Impact analysis
4.9 Evaluation
5. Conclusions and Recommendations
5.1 Achievement of expected learning outcomes
5.2 Recommendations to enhance future training in this company.
5.3 Recommendations to enhance future training of KAU engineering students.
6. References
1. Introduction

1.1. The student's mission statement for the summer training

During the summer training at Saudi Electricity Company, my mission was to gain practical
engineering experience, apply the theoretical knowledge acquired during my academic
studies, and develop a deeper understanding of the electrical engineering field. This training
provided an opportunity to work in a real-life professional environment, collaborate with
industry professionals, and build essential skills for my future career.
By participating in this training, I aimed to enhance my technical skills, gain practical
exposure to electrical systems, and explore different areas within the field of electrical
engineering. Additionally, I wanted to understand the critical role of power substations in the
electrical power transmission system and the economic implications associated with them.
Overall, my mission for this summer training was to make the most of this opportunity, learn
from experienced professionals, and apply my knowledge and skills in a practical setting. I
was eager to contribute to the projects and tasks assigned to me, while also gaining valuable
experience and insights that would shape my future as an electrical engineer.

1.2. Expected Training Learning Outcomes

Upon the completion of this summer training at Saudi Electricity Company, the expected
training learning outcomes are as follows:
• Gain a comprehensive understanding of power transmission systems, including the design and
technology related to substations.
• 2. Familiarise oneself with the components and operation of substations, including transformers and
single line diagrams.
• 3. Develop proficiency in working with simulation software for interconnected substations using fiber
optics.
• 4. Acquire practical experience in visiting substations for testing and validation purposes.
• 5. Collaborate effectively with multidisciplinary teams, including engineers from other fields,
designers, and project managers.
• 6. Gain familiarity with the structure and classes of transmission substations.
• 7. Understand the principles of telecommunication between substations and control centres.
• 8. Gain experience in working on real-world power transmission substation projects, from concept to
implementation.
• 9. Develop problem-solving skills and the ability to analyse and manage electrical power systems.
• 10. Apply theoretical knowledge acquired during academic studies to real-world engineering
environments.

These expected training learning outcomes were designed to provide a comprehensive

learning experience, allowing the trainee to apply their theoretical knowledge and develop
practical skills in the field of electrical engineering-.
2. The Company

2.1 Historical Background

Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) is a leading electric energy company in Saudi Arabia,
established in 2000 to upgrade the energy industry and connect networks for shared potential.
SEC specialises in generating, transmitting, and distributing electrical power, ensuring a
reliable supply to meet the country's growing demand. With a focus on sustainability, SEC
adopts innovative technologies and promotes energy conservation and renewable sources.
The company's commitment to excellence has made it a trusted provider of electrical power,
continuously improving services and enhancing the electricity infrastructure in Saudi Arabia.

2.2 Organisational Structure

2.3 Products
Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) offers a range of products and services related to electric
energy generation, transmission, and distribution. Some of the key products and services
provided by SEC include:

1. Power Generation: SEC operates various power plants, including thermal, gas, and renewable
energy plants, to generate electricity for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
2. Transmission Infrastructure: SEC is responsible for the transmission of electrical power from
the generation plants to distribution networks. This includes the construction and maintenance
of transmission lines, substations, and associated equipment.
3. Distribution Networks: SEC ensures the efficient distribution of electricity to consumers
across Saudi Arabia. This involves managing and maintaining distribution networks,
including transformers, meters, and other infrastructure.
 4. Energy Services: SEC offers energy-related services such as energy audits, energy efficiency
programs, and demand-side management initiatives to promote sustainable energy
consumption.
5. Customer Services: SEC provides customer support services, including billing, meter reading,
and handling customer inquiries and complaints.
6. Renewable Energy Projects: SEC is actively involved in the development and implementation
of renewable energy projects, such as solar and wind farms, to diversify the energy mix and
promote clean energy sources.
7. Research and Development: SEC invests in research and development activities to explore
innovative technologies and solutions for efficient power generation, transmission, and
distribution.

2.4 Customers
Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) serves a wide range of customers in Saudi Arabia,
including residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. For residential customers, SEC
ensures a reliable supply of electricity for their daily needs, offering services such as billing
and meter reading. Commercial customers rely on SEC for uninterrupted power supply, and
the company provides tailored solutions and energy services to optimise energy consumption
and reduce costs. Industrial customers have specific energy requirements, and SEC
collaborates with them to provide a stable power supply and develop customised energy
management strategies. Overall, SEC's products and services are designed to meet the diverse
needs of its customers and ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of electricity.

2.5 Engineering Units

The engineering units of Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) are responsible for various
aspects of the company's operations and projects. These units work together to ensure the
efficient generation, transmission, and distribution of electrical power. Here are some of the
key engineering units within SEC:
1. Generation Engineering Unit: This unit is responsible for the design, operation, and
maintenance of power generation plants.
2. Transmission Engineering Unit: The transmission engineering unit focuses on the
design, construction, and maintenance of transmission lines, substations, and
associated equipment.
3. Distribution Engineering Unit: The distribution engineering unit is responsible for the
design, operation, and maintenance of the distribution networks.
4. Renewable Energy Engineering Unit: As part of SEC's commitment to renewable
energy, this unit focuses on the development and implementation of renewable energy
projects.
5. Research and Development Unit: The research and development unit is responsible
for exploring innovative technologies and solutions for efficient power generation,
transmission, and distribution.
2.6 Industrial Process
The industrial process of Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) involves the generation,
transmission, and distribution of electrical power. Here is an overview of the process:
1. Generation: SEC operates power plants to generate electricity. These power plants
utilise various energy sources such as natural gas, oil, and renewable energy (solar
and wind) to produce electrical power. The generated electricity is then transmitted to
the transmission substations.
2. Transmission: The transmission process involves the transfer of electricity from the
power plants to the distribution substations. High-voltage transmission lines, typically
operating at 380 kV or 110/132 kV, are used to transmit the electricity over long
distances. The transmission lines are supported by transmission towers and are
interconnected to form a network that covers different regions of Saudi Arabia.
3. Substations: Transmission substations play a crucial role in the industrial process of
SEC. These substations receive high-voltage electricity from the transmission lines
and step it down to lower voltages suitable for distribution. Substations consist of
various components such as transformers, circuit breakers, switchgear, and protection
systems. They also incorporate control and monitoring systems to ensure the efficient
and reliable operation of the electrical grid.
4. Distribution: Once the electricity is stepped down to suitable voltages, it is distributed
to consumers through distribution networks. Distribution substations further step
down the voltage to levels suitable for residential, commercial, and industrial use. The
distribution process involves the use of distribution transformers, overhead lines, and
underground cables to deliver electricity to end-users.
5. Customer Service: SEC provides customer service to ensure the smooth operation of
the electrical supply to consumers. This includes handling customer inquiries,
metering, billing, and addressing any issues related to power supply.

2.7 Environmental and social impact

The environmental and social impact of Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) and its operations
have both immediate and long-term implications for users and non-users locally and globally.
Here is a description of some of the key environmental and social impacts associated with
SEC:

1. Environmental Impact:
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions: SEC's power generation plants, particularly those
using fossil fuels, contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon
dioxide (CO2) and other pollutants. These emissions contribute to climate
change and air pollution, which can have adverse effects on human health and
the environment.
• Water Consumption: Power generation processes, such as thermal power
plants, require significant amounts of water for cooling purposes. This can put
pressure on local water resources, especially in arid regions like Saudi Arabia.
• Land Use and Habitat Loss: The construction and operation of power plants
and associated infrastructure can result in land use changes and habitat loss,
impacting local ecosystems and biodiversity.
 • Waste Generation: Power generation and maintenance activities can generate
various types of waste, including hazardous materials and electronic waste.
Proper waste management practices are essential to minimize the
environmental impact.
2. Social Impact:
• Energy Access: SEC plays a crucial role in providing electricity access to
residential, commercial, and industrial consumers, contributing to improved
quality of life and economic development.
• Job Creation: SEC's operations create employment opportunities, both directly
and indirectly, contributing to local economies and livelihoods.
• Community Engagement: SEC engages with local communities through
various initiatives, including social development programs, educational
campaigns, and infrastructure development projects.
• Health and Safety: SEC prioritizes the health and safety of its employees and
the public, implementing measures to ensure safe working conditions and
minimize risks associated with electricity generation, transmission, and
distribution.

2.8 Quality system

SEC has implemented a comprehensive quality management system to ensure the delivery of
reliable and high-quality electricity services to its customers. The quality system is designed
to meet international standards and best practices in the energy industry. Here are some key
aspects of SEC's quality system:
1. Quality Policy: SEC has a defined quality policy that outlines its commitment to
providing reliable and efficient electricity services. The policy emphasises customer
satisfaction, continuous improvement, compliance with regulations, and the
development of a competent workforce.
2. Quality Objectives: SEC sets specific quality objectives to measure its performance
and drive continuous improvement. These objectives may include reducing downtime,
improving response times, enhancing customer satisfaction, and optimising
operational efficiency.
3. Quality Assurance: SEC has established processes and procedures to ensure that its
operations meet the required quality standards. This includes conducting regular
inspections, audits, and assessments to identify areas for improvement and ensure
compliance with regulations.
4. Training and Competence: SEC invests in the training and development of its
employees to enhance their skills and knowledge. This includes technical training,
safety training, and quality management training to ensure that employees are
competent in their respective roles.
5. Customer Feedback and Complaints: SEC actively seeks customer feedback and
addresses complaints to improve its services. Customer satisfaction surveys,
complaint management systems, and regular communication channels are used to
gather feedback and take appropriate actions to address customer concerns.
6. Continuous Improvement: SEC promotes a culture of continuous improvement,
encouraging employees to identify opportunities for enhancement and implement
 innovative solutions. This may involve the use of quality improvement tools and
methodologies, such as Six Sigma or Lean principles.

3. The Training Environment

3.1 Work environment

During the internship at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC), a major part of the training
experience took place in the Transmission Projects Department. This department is
responsible for managing power transmission projects after they have been assigned to
contractors. The department consists of various divisions that work together to achieve the
company's objectives in the field of power transmission.
The nature of the activities carried out in the Transmission Projects Department is primarily
project management. The department oversees the planning, design, construction, and
implementation of power transmission projects. This includes coordinating with contractors,
ensuring compliance with safety and environmental standards, and monitoring the progress of
projects.
The work environment in the Transmission Projects Department is dynamic and fast-paced. It
involves working on real-world power transmission projects, which require attention to
detail, problem-solving skills, and effective communication. The department operates within
the broader context of SEC's mission to provide reliable and efficient electricity services to its
customers.

3.2 Standards, Regulations and Documentation

During the training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC), various standards, regulations, and
documentation were followed to ensure compliance and adherence to industry best practices.
Here are some of the key standards, regulations, and documentation that were applicable
during the training:
1. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standards
2. Saudi Arabian Standards Organisations (SASO) Regulations
3. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Regulations
4. Project Documentation
5. Quality Management System (QMS) Documentation
6. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Reports
3.3 Training Timeline

4. Assigned Task(s)/Project(s)

4.1 Problem Definition

The problem definition of the training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) is to provide the
intern with a comprehensive learning experience and practical exposure to the field of
electrical engineering in the context of power transmission projects. The objectives of the
training include enhancing technical skills, gaining practical knowledge of power substations
and telecommunication systems, and understanding the project management aspects of power
transmission projects.

The customer needs in this case are the interns themselves, who seek to apply their theoretical
knowledge in a real-world engineering environment and gain hands-on experience in the field
of power transmission. The project requirements include familiarization with power
substations, understanding telecommunication systems, and actively participating in a real-
world power transmission project under the guidance of project managers.

4.2 Literature Review and Data Collection

During the summer training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC), a comprehensive literature
review and data collection were conducted to gather all pertinent information related to
power transmission systems and substations. Multiple credible sources, including regulations,
standards, and operational experiences, were identified and collected.
The literature review and data collection process aimed to provide a comprehensive
understanding of power transmission systems, substations, and their components. It covered
topics such as substation design, technology, electrical diagrams, transformers, and safety and
environmental standards.
4.3 Knowledge Integration with Course Work
During the training, interns were able to apply their theoretical knowledge acquired from
courses such as electrical power systems (EE351) to real-world engineering scenarios. This
course provided a foundation in understanding power transmission systems, substations, and
their components.
Interns also integrated their knowledge of mathematics and science principles, such as
electrical circuit analysis and physics, to analyse and solve problems related to power
transmission. This integration allowed them to understand the technical aspects of power
substations, including electrical diagrams, transformers, and safety standards.

4.4 Safety and Environmental Issues

During the summer training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC), several measures were
implemented to ensure responsible handling of safety issues and environmental hazards.
1. Adherence to Safety Protocols
2. Risk Assessment and Mitigation
3. Environmental Impact Assessment
4. Compliance with Environmental Standards
5. Emergency Response Training
By implementing these measures, SEC aimed to create a safe working environment for
interns and minimise the environmental impact of their activities. These measures were in
line with SEC's commitment to safety, environmental sustainability, and responsible practices
in the power transmission industry.
4.5 Work Plan

No. Task/Activities Duration Starts Finishes

1 - Introduction to the company and the Transmission Projects Department 5 days 09/07 13/07

- Familiarization with the structure and classes of transmission substations

- Review of power transmission concepts and systems

2 - Study of single line diagrams and their application in substation design 5 days 16/07 20/07

- Understanding the role of transformers in substations

- Visit to a substation to observe the test and validation process

3 - Review of electrical power system course material 5 days 23/07 27/07

- Introduction to safety and environmental standards in transmission projects

- Collaboration with multidisciplinary teams in the department

4 - Work in a 110 kV power substation 5 days 30/07 03/08

- Hands-on experience with substation components and equipment
- Practical exposure to electrical systems in a real-world setting

5 - Lecture review on telecommunication between substations 5 days 06/08 10/08

 - Understanding the communication systems used in substations
- Collaboration with the telecommunication department

6 - Work on real-world power transmission substation projects 5 days 13/08 17/08

- Gain experience in project planning and implementation
- Collaborate with engineers, designers, and project managers
7 - Continued work on power transmission projects 5 days 20/08 24/08
- Application of theoretical knowledge to practical engineering tasks
- Hands-on experience with fiber optics in interconnected substations
8 - Finalize and present the internship report 5 days 27/08 31/08
- Reflection on the learning experience and outcomes achieved
- Evaluation of the training program and recommendations for improvement

4.6 Economic Factors

During the summer training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC), interns gained a deep
understanding of the applied economic factors related to power transmission systems and
their impact on the economy at large. This understanding encompassed the analysis of
various economic factors, such as the cost of equipment, materials, and labor, as well as the
long-term trends in the power transmission industry.
Interns were exposed to the economic considerations involved in the design, construction,
and operation of power substations. They learned about the costs associated with different
types of equipment, such as transformers and switchgear, and how these costs can impact the
overall project budget. Additionally, interns were introduced to the concept of life cycle cost
analysis, which involves evaluating the economic implications of different design choices and
maintenance strategies over the lifespan of a power transmission system.

4.7 Implementation
During the summer training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC), I had the opportunity to
work in different divisions within the company, including the power substation division and
the telecommunication department. In the power substation division, I was involved in tasks
such as familiarising myself with substation components, visiting substations to track the
testing and validation process, and working on the simulation of interconnected substations
using fiber optics.
In the telecommunication department, I gained knowledge and practical experience in
telecommunication systems between substations. This included understanding the
communication protocols and technologies used in power transmission projects, engaging in
tasks and projects that closely resembled the work of a professional engineer allowed me to
gain valuable experience and develop skills that are essential for a successful career in the
field of electrical engineering.
4.8 Impact Analysis
My summer training at SEC had a positive impact on the company. It enhanced my technical
skills in electrical engineering, contributed to projects, promoted collaboration, and facilitated
knowledge transfer. I gained practical knowledge of power substations, telecommunication
systems, and real-world power transmission projects, bringing fresh perspectives to the
company. I actively participated in tasks such as substation familiarisation, testing, and
simulation, adding value to projects. My collaboration with multidisciplinary teams fostered a
positive work environment, while my knowledge transfer from academic studies brought new
insights and potential for innovative solutions. Overall, the training positively impacted SEC
by enhancing skills, contributing to projects, promoting collaboration, and facilitating
knowledge transfer.

4.9 Evaluation
I evaluated my summer training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) as follows:
1. Technical Skills Development: Throughout the training, I actively worked on
enhancing my technical skills in electrical engineering. I gained practical knowledge
and experience in power substations, telecommunication systems, and power
transmission projects. My involvement in tasks such as substation familiarisation,
testing, and simulation demonstrated my ability to effectively apply my technical
skills.
2. Project Contributions: I made valuable contributions to the projects assigned to me
during the training. My active participation in tasks related to substation components,
testing, and validation showcased my ability to contribute to the successful
completion of projects. Additionally, my work in simulating interconnected
substations using fiber optics highlighted my practical experience and skills
development.
3. Collaboration and Teamwork: I effectively collaborated with multidisciplinary teams
at SEC. My ability to work well with engineers from different fields, designers, and
project managers fostered a positive work environment. This collaboration
contributed to the smooth execution of projects and enhanced the overall productivity
of the teams.
4. Knowledge Transfer: I successfully transferred my academic knowledge to real-world
engineering scenarios. My fresh perspectives and insights from my studies brought
potential for innovative solutions and improved practices at SEC. This knowledge
transfer added value to the company and contributed to its growth and development.

5. Conclusions & Recommendations

5.1 Achievement of Expected Learning Outcomes

During my summer training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC), I was able to achieve the
expected learning outcomes set for the program. These learning outcomes included enhancing
my technical skills, gaining practical knowledge of power substations and telecommunication
systems, and understanding the project management aspects of power transmission projects.
• Enhanced technical skills in analysing and managing electrical power systems.
• Applied theoretical knowledge acquired during academic studies to real-world
engineering environments.
• Developed problem-solving skills in the context of power transmission systems.
• Acquired practical knowledge of power substations, including their components and
operation.
• Familiarised myself with telecommunication systems between substations and control
centers.
• Gained experience in working on real-world power transmission substation projects,
from concept to implementation.

5.2 Recommendations to Enhance Future Training in This Company

Based on my summer training experiment, here are some recommendations to enhance future
training at Saudi Electricity Company (SEC):
• Incorporate Practical Projects: Include more hands-on projects and real-world
simulations in the training program. This will provide interns with practical
experience and allow them to apply their theoretical knowledge to solve real
engineering problems.
• Continuous Learning and Development: Encourage interns to engage in continuous
learning and professional development by providing access to training resources,
workshops, and seminars. This will help interns stay updated with the latest industry
trends and technologies.
• Feedback and Evaluation: Establish a structured feedback and evaluation system to
assess interns' progress and identify areas for improvement. Regular feedback
sessions will help interns understand their strengths and weaknesses and allow for
targeted skill development.
• Industry Networking Opportunities: Facilitate networking opportunities for interns to
connect with professionals in the power transmission industry. This can be done
through industry events, conferences, or guest speaker sessions. Networking will help
interns build professional relationships and expand their knowledge and career
opportunities.

5.3 Recommendations to Enhance Future Training of KAU Engineering Students

Based on my summer training experiment, here are some recommendations to enhance future
training for engineering students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU):
• Industry Partnerships: Establish strong partnerships with industry organisations and
companies to provide students with opportunities for internships, co-op programs, and
industry-based projects. These partnerships will expose students to real-world
engineering challenges and help them develop practical skills.
 • Professional Development Workshops: Organise workshops and seminars on
professional development topics such as communication skills, project management,
and teamwork. These workshops will help students develop essential soft skills that
are crucial for their future careers.
• Industry Site Visits: Organise regular site visits to engineering companies,
construction sites, and manufacturing facilities. These visits will give students a
firsthand understanding of engineering practices, safety protocols, and industry
standards.
• Collaboration with Alumni: Foster strong connections with alumni who have
successful engineering careers. Encourage alumni to participate in career fairs,
networking events, and guest lectures to share their experiences and provide guidance
to current students.

References
▪ Saudi Electricity Company. (n.d.). Who We Are. Retrieved from
https://www.se.com.sa/en/Whoweare