MCQs
Q1) Mendel conducted his famous breeding experiments by working on the following:
(a) Drosophila
(b) Escherichia Coli
(c) Pisum Sativum
(d) All of these
Q2) Which section of DNA provides information for one protein?
(a) Nucleus
(b) Chromosome
(c)Trait
(d) Gene
Q3) Which of the following is an example of genetic variation?
(a) One person has a scar, but his friend doesn’t
(b) One person is older than the other
(c) Reeta eats meat, but her sister Geeta is a vegetarian
(d) Two children have different eye colour
Q4) In peas, a pure tall (TT) is crossed with a pure short plant(tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to pure short
plants in the F2 generation is:
(a) 1:3
(b) 3:1
(c) 1:1
(d) 2:1
Q5) Humans have two different sex chromosomes, X and Y. Based on Mendel’s laws, a male offspring will
inherit which combination of chromosomes?
(a) Both the X chromosomes from one of its parents
(b) Both the Y chromosomes from one of its parents
(c) A combination of X chromosomes from either of its parents
(d) A combination of X and Y chromosomes from either of its parents
Q6) Two pea plants, one with round green seeds (RR yy) and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds,
produce F1 progeny that have round yellow (RrYy) seeds. When F1 plants are self-pollinated, the F2 progeny
will have a new combination of characters. Choose the new combinations from the following:
(i) Round, yellow
(ii) Round, green
(iii) Wrinkled, yellow
(iv) Wrinkled, green
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (iii)
Q7) Two pink-coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white-flower progeny. The nature
of the cross will be:
(a) double fertilization
(b) self-pollination
(c) cross-fertilization
(d) no fertilization
Q8) A zygote which has an X chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a:
(a) boy
(b) girl
(c) X chromosome does not determine the sex of a child
(d) either boy or girl
Q9) From the list given below, select the character which can be acquired but not inherited.
(a) Colour of eyes
(b) Colour of skin
(c) Texture of hair
(d) Size of body
Q10) In humans, if gene B gives brown eyes and gene b gives blue eyes, what will be the colour of the eyes
of the person having combination (i) Bb (ii) BB:
(a) (i) Brown (ii) Brown
(b) (i) Blue (ii) Blue
(c) (i) Blue (ii) Brown
(d) (i) Brown (ii) Blue
Q11) What is the probability that the male progeny will be a boy?
(a) 50 %
(b) 56 %
(c) 47.43 %
(d) It varies
Q12) In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green seeds. If a heterozygous yellow-seeded plant is
crossed with a green-seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green-seeded plants would you expect in the
F1 generation?
(a) 9:1
(b) 3:1
(c) 1:3
(d) 50:50
Q13) Which of the following statements is not true with respect to variation?
(a) All variations in a species have equal chances of survival.
(b) Change in genetic composition results in variation.
(c) Selection of variants by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary processes.
(d) Variation is minimum in asexual reproduction
Q14) The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are
situated on:
(a) Copies of the same (homologous) chromosomes
(b) Two different chromosomes
(c) Sex chromosomes
(d) Any Chromosomes
Q15) Exchange of genetic material takes place in:
(a) Vegetative reproduction
(b) Asexual reproduction
(c) Sexual reproduction
(d) Budding
16. Which of the following is totally impossible outcome of Mendel’s experiment?
a. 3 tall 1 short plant
b. 24 tall and 8 short plants
c. 8 tall and 0 short plants
d. 4 tall plants and 1 medium height plant.
17. Which of the following is not a direct conclusion that can be drawn from Mendel’s experiment?
a. Only one parental trait is expressed
b. Two copies of each trait is inherited in sexually reproducing organism
c. For recessive trait to be expressed, both copies should be identical
d. Natural selection can alter frequency of an inherited trait.
18. Which one is a possible progeny in F2 generation of pure bred tall plant with round seed and
short plant with wrinkled seeds?
a. Tall plant with round seeds
b. Tall plant with wrinkled seeds
c. Short plant with round seed
d. All of the above
19. Who have a perfect pair of sex chromosomes?
a. Girls only
b. Boys only
c. Both girls and boys
d. It depends on many other factors
20. Which of the following can be called a characteristic?
a. Plants can photosynthesis
b. We have 2 eyes
c. Mango tree is multicellular
d. All of these
21. A character which is expressed in hybrid is always ________.
A. Dominant
B. Recessive
C. Co-dominant
D. Epistatic
22. Men have a ___ pair of sex chromosomes .
A) perfect
B) matched
C) mismatched
D) any of above
23. In few reptiles, the ___ at which fertilized eggs are kept determines the sex of offspring .
A) temperature
B) pressure
C) place
D) all
24. Each cell has two copies of each chromosome ________.
A) one each from male and female parents
B) from male parent
C) from female parent
D) any of above
25. DNA is the information source for making ___in cells .
A) fats
B) vitamins
C) proteins
D) all
26. Which of the following is totally impossible outcome of Mendel’s experiment ?
A) 3tall 1 short
B) 24 tall 8 short
C) 8 tall 0 short
D) 4 tall and 1 medium height
27. A trait in an organism is influenced by__________.
A) paternal DNA
B) Maternal DNA
C) Both paternal and maternal DNA
D) None
28. The number of sex chromosomes in zygote of humans is_______.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
ASSERTION REASON
The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(e) Both A and R are false.
Q1. Assertion : Genes present in every cell of an organism control the traits of the organisms.
Reason: A gene is a specific segment of DNA occupying a specific position on a chromosome.
Q2. Assertion: A child which has inherited X chromosome from father will develop into a girl child.
Reason: Girl child inherits X chromosome from father and Y chromosome from mother.
Q3. Assertion : A geneticist crossed two plants and got 50% tall and 50% dwarf progenies.
Reason: This cross follows Mendelian law as one of the parent plant might be heterozygous.
Q4. Assertion : A tall plant which always produces tall offsprings is considered heterozygous for height and
is represented by genotype (Tt).
Reason: A tall plant which always produces tall offspring is homozygous dominant and will always produce
only one type of gamete (T).
Q5. Assertion : Selfing of a plant for several generations helps plant breeders to obtain pure breeding
varieties.
Reason: Pure breeding plants are heterozygous for many traits.
Q6. Assertion(A): A geneticist crossed two pea plants and got 50% tall and 50% dwarf in the progeny.
Reason (R) : One plant was heterozygous tall and the other was dwarf.
Q7. Assertion(A) : Variations are seen in offspring produced by sexual reproduction.
Reason (R) : DNA molecule generated by replication is not exactly identical to original DNA.
Q8. Assertion(A): The sex of a child is determined by the mother.
Reason (R) : Humans have two types of sex chromosomes: XX and XY.
Q9. Assertion(A) : Evolution is an extremely slow process.
Reason (R) : New characters are accumulated in an organism during its lifetime.
Q10. Assertion : Pea plant is considered ideal for hybridisation experiments.
Reason: Pea is self pollinating plant with short life cycle and bears visible contrasting traits.
Q11. Assertion : Monohybrid cross deals with inheritance of one pair of contrasting characters.
Reason: Dihybrid cross deals with inheritance of two pairs of contrasting characters.
Q12. Assertion : When pea plants (pureline) having round yellow seeds are crossed with pureline plants
having wrinkled green seeds, then all pea plants obtained in F, generation bear wrinkled green seeds.
Reason: Round and yellow seeds are dominant to wrinkled and green seeds.
Q13. Assertion: If mother has two dominant alleles for black hair and father has two recessive alleles for
blonde hair then their child will inherit one dominant allele from mother and one recessive allele from father
and will have black hair.
Reason: Progeny inherits one genes for each trait from its parents but the trait shown by progeny depends
on inherited alleles.
Q14. Assertion : Round green seeds in pea can be represented by RRyy of Rryy.
Reason: Round yellow seeds and green wrinkled seeds are parental combinations whereas round green and
wrinkled yellow are recombinants.
Q15. Assertion: In grasshoppers, females are heterogametic and males are homogametic.
Reason: In grasshoppers, the male has only one sex chromosome (XO) whereas the female has sex
chromosomes(XX).
Q16. Assertion (A): Traits acquired during the lifetime of an individual can be passed on to the next
generation.
Reason (R): Inheritance of acquired traits is a mechanism of evolution.
Q17. Assertion (A): DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms.
Reason (R): DNA carries the hereditary information that is passed from parents to offspring.
Q18. Assertion (A): Mendel’s experiments on pea plants laid the foundation for the understanding of
heredity.
Reason (R): Mendel discovered the principles of inheritance by conducting controlled crosses and analyzing
patterns of trait inheritance.
