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hooting and R…

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ECM - No Communication Troubleshooting Tree

Symptoms
No communication and engine will not start

No communication and engine will start

No communication related the recommnended Cummins® electronic service tool, or

equivalent errors

Communication with some engine control module (ECM)s but not all ECMs on a multi-
module engine.

How To Use This Tree

This troubleshooting procedure can be used to troubleshoot J1939 and J1587 data link
communication issues between the electronic service tool and the ECM. There are four
procedures that can be used to support this troubleshooting tree:
Procedure 022-999 (Service Tools and Hardware - Overview) in Section F, in the appropriate
troubleshooting and repair manual.

Procedure 019-165 (Data Link Circuit, SAE J1939) in Section 19 in the appropriate
troubleshooting and repair manual.

Procedure 019-166 (Data Link Circuit, SAE J1587) in Section 19 in the appropriate
troubleshooting and repair manual.

The troubleshooting steps in this procedure build upon information obtained in previous steps.
The troubleshooting steps must be performed in the sequence specified in the troubleshooting
procedure.

This troubleshooting procedure supports several engine families, therefore some instructions are
stated in a general manner. Apply the requested procedures and actions to the specific engine
family with the support of engine specific documentation that can be found in the troubleshooting
and repair manuals for the specific engine family.

Shoptalk
Three basic principles were used to define and sequence the troubleshooting steps that are listed
in this tree.
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Verify high level system operation prior to troubleshooting individual components of the
system. The purpose of this is to learn from the behavior of the system in order to direct the
next steps for troubleshooting.

Use the bench top harness to separate the ECM from the vehicle so the ECM can be
isolated from vehicle issues that could be causing no communication.

Use a second vehicle or a second ECM to isolate high level system issues before
troubleshooting individual components of the system.

Troubleshooting Summary
STEPS SPECIFICATIONS
STEP 1. Electronic service tool error
code check
STEP 1A. Check for Electronic service tool error
electronic service tool error code 5023 present?
code 5023.
STEP 1B. Electronic service Electronic service tool error
tool error code 5080 or 5081 code 5080 or 5081 present?
check.
STEP 1C. Electronic service Electronic service tool error
tool other error code checks. codes present other than
5023, 5080, or 5081?
STEP 1D. ECM password Electronic service tool
check. indicates the ECM is
password protected?
STEP 2. Initial data link adapter and
electronic service tool check
STEP 2A. Initial data link Communication lights on the
adapter check. data link adapter flashing?
STEP 2B. Data link adapter ECM communicates?
reset check.
STEP 2C. Initial electronic ECM communicates?
service tool check.
STEP 3. Bench communication setup
checks

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STEPS SPECIFICATIONS
STEP 3A. Bench setup Bench setup available?
availability check.
STEP 3A-1. Engine start Engine starts?
check.
STEP 3B. Initial bench setup ECM communicates using
communication check. bench setup?
STEP 3B-1. Engine start Engine starts?
check.
STEP 3C. Second vehicle or Second vehicle or second
second ECM availability ECM available to connect to
check for bench setup. the bench setup?
STEP 3D. Initial bench setup Second ECM communicates
functionality check. using bench setup?
STEP 3E. Troubleshoot Bench setup check OK?
bench setup.
STEP 3F. Data link adapter Bench setup communicates
replacement check. with the second ECM using a
replacement data link
adapter?
STEP 4. ECM power up circuit check
STEP 4A. Engine Engine equipped with a fuel
configuration check. shutoff valve?
STEP 4A-1. Check fuel Fuel shutoff valve voltage
shutoff valve voltage. within 1 VDC of vehicle
system voltage?
STEP 4A-2. Coolant Coolant temperature signal
temperature sensor signal voltage greater than 4.5
voltage check. VDC?
STEP 4B. ECM keyswitch Keyswitch voltage within 1
voltage check. VDC or vehicle system
voltage?
STEP 4C. Check the ECM ECM battery supply voltage
power and ground. equal to the battery voltage?
STEP 5. Initial electronic tool check
STEP 5A. Bench setup In Step 3 checks, bench
previously used for setup used to successfully
troubleshooting check. communicate with the ECM?

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STEPS SPECIFICATIONS
STEP 5B. Second vehicle Second vehicle available to
availability check for connect to the electronic tool?
electronic tool.
STEP 5C. Initial electronic Second ECM communicates
tool functionality check. using electronic tool?
STEP 6. Data link adapter power
check
STEP 6A. Data link adapter Is the serial port being used
determination check. to communicate with the
electronic service tool?
STEP 6B. Check data link Data link adapter power light
adapter power. on?
STEP 6C. Determine if Communication being
communication is being attempted at the OEM data
attempted at original link dash connector?
equipment manufacturer
(OEM) dash connector.
STEP 6D. OEM data link Voltage equal to or greater
dash connector voltage than 9 VDC?
check.
STEP 6E. Check voltage at Voltage equal to or greater
data link adapter auxiliary than 9 VDC?
power supply.
STEP 6F. Check voltage at Voltage equal or greater than
vehicle battery. 11 VDC?
STEP 6G. Computer serial Minimum of 5 VDC available?
port voltage check.
STEP 7. Data link circuit check
STEP 7A. Check J1939 or Circuit check OK?
J1587 circuits.
STEP 8. Initial electronic tool check
STEP 8A. Second vehicle Second vehicle available to
availability check for connect to the electronic tool?
electronic tool.
STEP 8B. Initial electronic Second ECM communicates
tool functionality check. using the electronic tool?
STEP 9. Detailed electronic tool check

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STEPS SPECIFICATIONS
STEP 9A. Troubleshoot Electronic tool hardware
electronic tool hardware. check OK?
STEP 10. Serial cable and computer
check
STEP 10A. Troubleshoot Serial cable and computer
serial cable and computer. check OK?
STEP 11. ROM boot ECM
STEP 11A. ROM boot tool ROM boot tool available?
availability check.
STEP 11B. ROM boot ECM. ECM communicates?

STEP 1. Electronic service tool error code check

STEP 1A. Electronic service tool error code 5023 check.

Conditions :
Connect the electronic service tool.

Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Electronic service tool error
Check for electronic service
code 5023 present? 2A
tool error code 5023.
YES
Use the electronic
Electronic service tool error
service tool to read the
code 5023 present? 1B
error codes.
NO

STEP 1B. Electronic service tool error code 5080 or 5081 check.
Conditions :
Connect the electronic service tool.

Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

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Electronic service tool error

code 5080 or 5081 present?

YES
Check for electronic service
Repair complete.
tool error code 5080 or 5081. Repair :
Use the electronic Perform the ECM calibration
service tool to read the download.
error codes.
Electronic service tool error
code 5080 or 5081 present? 1C
NO

STEP 1C. Electronic service tool other error code checks.

Conditions :
Connect the electronic service tool.

Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Electronic service tool error
codes present other than
5023, 5080, or 5081?

YES
Are any electronic service
Repair complete.
tool error codes present other
Repair :
than 5023, 5080, or 5081?
See the electronic service
Use the electronic
tool manual for
service tool to read the
troubleshooting guidelines.
error codes.
Electronic service tool error
codes present other than
5023, 5080, or 5081? 1D

NO

STEP 1D. ECM password check.

Conditions :
Connect the electronic service tool.

Turn keyswitch ON.

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Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Electronic service tool
indicates the ECM is
password protected?

YES

Repair :
Enter correct password

If password is unavailable,
Does the electronic service contact customer to request Repair complete.
tool indicate the ECM is password information. If
password protected? customer can not supply
Use the electronic password information, see
service tool. the electronic service tool
manual for password
removal information. Normal
warranty guidelines will
apply if ECM password
removal is required.

Electronic service tool

indicates the ECM is
password protected? 2A

NO

STEP 2. Initial data link adapter and electronic service tool check

STEP 2A. Initial data link adapter check.

Conditions :
Connect data link adapter to OEM data link connector in vehicle.

Do not connect the electronic service tool computer.

Continue to Step 2B, if connected to the 3 pin engine data link connector. The
communication lights will not blink.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

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Communication lights on the

data link adapter flashing?

J1708 or J1939 for

Inline 4, 5, 6, and 7.
2C
YES

Turn keyswitch on. Repair :

No Repair

Communication lights on the

data link adapter flashing?

J1708 or J1939 for 2B

Inline 4, 5, 6, and 7.
NO

STEP 2B. Data link adapter reset check.

Conditions :
Connect the electronic service tool.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Data link adapter reset
check.
ECM communicates?
Disconnect power from Repair complete.
YES
the data link adapter.

Leave disconnected for

30 seconds.

Connect power again to ECM communicates?

3A
the data link adapter. NO
Turn keyswitch ON.

STEP 2C. Initial electronic service tool check.

Conditions :
Connect the electronic service tool.

Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

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Reboot the electronic service

ECM communicates?
tool PC. Repair complete.
YES
Launch the electronic
service tool.
ECM communicates?
Check for 8A
communication. NO

STEP 3. Bench communication setup checks

STEP 3A. Bench setup availability check.

Conditions :
Check that bench setup is available.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Bench setup available?
3B
Verify bench setup is YES
available. Bench setup available?
3A-1
NO

STEP 3A-1. Engine start check.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Engine starts?
5A
YES
Verify if engine will start.
Engine starts?
4A
NO

STEP 3B. Initial bench setup communication check.

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Conditions :
Use the same electronic service tool personal computer (PC) as was used for the
previous checks

Connect bench setup to ECM

Turn bench top calibration harness keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

ECM communicates using
bench setup? 3B-1
Attempt to comunicate with YES
the ECM using bench setup. ECM communicates using
bench setup? 3C
NO

STEP 3B-1. Engine start check.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Disconnect the bench top
calibration cable from the Engine starts?
5A
ECM. YES
Reconnect the ECM to the
original engine or OEM Engine starts?
wiring harness connector. 4A
Verify if the engine will start. NO

STEP 3C. Second vehicle or second ECM availability check for bench setup.
Conditions :
Check for second vehicle or second ECM available for testing.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Verify if a second vehicle or Second vehicle or second
second ECM is available to ECM available to connect to
connect to the bench setup. the bench setup? 3D

YES

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Second vehicle or second

ECM available to connect to
the bench setup? 3E

NO

STEP 3D. Initial bench setup functionality check

Conditions :
Use the same electronic service tool PC and bench setup tools that were originally used
on the problem vehicle.

Connect bench setup to second vehicle or second ECM

Turn bench top calibration harness keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Second ECM communicates
Attempt to communicate with using bench setup? 11A
the ECM on the second YES
vehicle or a spare ECM using Second ECM communicates
bench setup. using bench setup? 3E
NO

STEP 3E. Troubleshoot bench setup hardware.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Troubleshoot bench Bench setup check OK?
calibration cable, bench 3F
YES
calibration harness, and
serial cable.

Perform troubleshooting
procedures for
evaluating the bench
calibration cable, bench
calibration harness, and
serial cable. Reference
Procedure 022-999
(Service Tools and

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Hardware - Overview)
in Section F, for Bench setup check OK?
Resistance Check -
NO
serial cable, benchtop
calibration harness,
Repair :
benchtop calibration 3B
cable, in the Repair or replace bench
appropriate Electronic calibration cable, bench
Control System calibration harness, or serial
Troubleshooting and cable.
Repair manual.

STEP 3F. Data link adapter replacement check.

Conditions :
None.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Bench setup communicates
with the second ECM using
a replacement data link
adapter?

YES 3B

Repair :

Use replacement data link

adapter.
Try to communicate with the
bench setup using a Bench setup communicates
replacement data link. with the second ECM using
a replacement data link
adapter?

NO
3E
Repair :

Issue with bench setup

should have been found.
Troubleshoot the bench
setup again.

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STEP 4. ECM power up circuit check

STEP 4A. Engine configuration check.

Conditions :
None.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Engine equipped with a fuel
shutoff valve? 4A-1
Determine if the engine is
YES
equipped with a fuel shutoff
valve Engine equipped with a fuel
shutoff valve? 4A-2
NO

STEP 4A-1. Check fuel shutoff valve voltage.

Conditions :
Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Measure the voltage from the Fuel shutoff valve voltage
fuel shutoff valve post to within 1 VDC of vehicle
engine block ground. system voltage? 5A

There are 12 and 24 volt YES

systems. The fuel shutoff Fuel shutoff valve voltage
valve voltage needs to be within 1 VDC of vehicle
within 1 VDC of the vehicle system voltage? 4B
system voltage.
NO

STEP 4A-2. Coolant temperature sensor signal voltage check

Conditions :
Turn keyswitch ON.

Disconnect the coolant temperature sensor connector.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

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Coolant temperature signal

Measure the voltage across
voltage greater than 4.5
the two pins of the coolant 5A
VDC?
temperature sensor on the
wiring harness connector. YES
Coolant temperature signal
Use the wiring diagram or
circuit diagram for connector voltage greater than 4.5
VDC? 4B
pin identification.
NO

STEP 4B. ECM keyswitch voltage check.

Conditions :
Turn keyswitch OFF.
Disconnect the wiring harness connector that contains the keyswitch signal from the
ECM.

Turn the keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Measure the voltage from the Keyswitch voltage within 1
keyswitch input SIGNAL wire VDC or vehicle system
of the wiring harness to voltage? 4C
engine block ground.
YES
Reference the wiring
diagram or circuit diagram
for connector pin
identification.

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Keyswitch voltage within 1

VDC or vehicle system
voltage?

NO

Repair :

Repair or replace the wiring

harness that contains the
keyswitch signal, repair or
replace the keyswitch, or
check the battery
connection. Reference
Repair complete.
Procedure 019-064 (Key
Switch Power Supply
Circuit) in Section 19 in the
appropriate troubleshooting
and repair manual.

See the Engine

Performance
Troubleshooting Tree in the
appropriate troubleshooting
and repair manual, if the no
start condition is still
present.

STEP 4C. Check the ECM power and ground.

Conditions :
Turn keyswitch OFF

Disconnect from the ECM the wiring harness connector that contains the ECM battery
SUPPLY (-) and SUPPLY (+) wiring.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

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ECM battery supply voltage

equal to the battery voltage?

YES

Repair :

Call for authorization.

Repair complete.
Replace the ECM.
Reference Procedure 019-
031 (Engine Control
Module) in Section 19 in the
Measure the voltage from appropriate troubleshooting
each ECM battery SUPPLY and repair manual.
(+) pin to all battery SUPPLY
ECM battery supply voltage
(-) pins in the wiring harness
equal to the battery voltage?
connector.
NO
Use the wiring diagram or
circuit diagram for connector
Repair :
pin identification.
Repair or replace the wiring
harness that contains the
ECM battery SUPPLY (+)
Repair complete.
and battery SUPPLY (-)
wiring.

See the Engine

Performance
Troubleshooting Tree or
troubleshooting symptom
tree if no start condition is
still present.

STEP 5. Initial electronic tool check

STEP 5A. Bench setup previously used for troubleshooting check.

Conditions :
None.

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Action Specification/Repair Next Step

In Step 3 checks, bench
setup used to successfully
communicate with the
ECM?

YES

Repair :

ECM is OK. Repair

6A
complete if communication
In Step 3 checks, was bench is not required through
setup used to successfully OEM data link connector or
communicate with the ECM? harness.

If communication is required
through the OEM data link
connector or harness
continue to Step 6A.

In Step 3 checks, bench

setup used to successfully
communicate with the 5B
ECM?

NO

STEP 5B. Second vehicle availability check for electronic tool.

Conditions :
Verify second vehicle available for testing

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Second vehicle available to
connect to the electronic
tool? 5C
Verify a second vehicle is
YES
available to connect to the
electronic tool. Second vehicle available to
connect to the electronic
tool? 6A

NO

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STEP 5C. Initial electronic tool functionality check.

Conditions :
Connect electronic tool to a second vehicle.
Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Second ECM communicates
Attempt to communicate with using electronic tool? 6A
the ECM on the second
YES
vehicle using the same
electronic tool hardware used Second ECM communicates
on the problem vehicle. using electronic tool? 9A
NO

STEP 6. Data link adapter power check

STEP 6A. Data link adapter determination check.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Determine if an Inline I data
link adapter is being used to Is the serial port being used
communicate with the to communicate with the
electronic service tool. electronic service tool? 6G

Reference Procedure 022- YES

999 (Service Tools and
Hardware - Overview) in
Section F, for General Is the serial port being used
Information - data link to communicate with the
adapter, in the appropriate electronic service tool? 6B
troubleshooting and repair
NO
manual.

STEP 6B. Check data link adapter power.

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Conditions :
Connect the electronic tool hardware to the vehicle.

Launch the electronic service tool.

Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

For all data link adapters
except Inline I.

Attempt to communicate Data link adapter power light

with the electronic service on? 7A
tool and check to see if the YES
data link adapter power light
is on.

Reference Procedure 022-

999 (Service Tools and
Hardware - Overview) in
Section F, for general Data link adapter power light
information - data link on? 6C
adapter, in the appropriate NO
troubleshooting and repair
manual.

STEP 6C. Determination if communication is being attempted at the OEM data link
dash connector
Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Communication being
attempted at the OEM data
link dash connector? 6D
Check to see if
communication is being YES
attempted at the OEM data Communication being
link dash connector. attempted at the OEM data
link dash connector? 6E

NO

STEP 6D. OEM data link dash connector voltage check.

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Conditions :
Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Measure voltage across the Voltage equal to or greater
SUPPLY and ground pins of than 9 VDC?
the OEM data link connector.
YES
Reference Procedure 022- Repair complete.
999 (Service Tools and Repair :
Hardware - Overview) in
Section F, for in-cab data Replace data link adapter.
link connector, in the
appropriate troubleshooting Voltage equal to or greater
and repair manual for pin than 9 VDC? 6F
locations. NO

STEP 6E. Check voltage at data link adapter auxiliary power supply.
Conditions :
Turn keyswitch ON.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Measure the data link
adapter supply voltage at the Voltage equal to or greater
than 9 VDC?
data link adapter harness
connector. YES
Repair complete.
Reference Procedure 022-
Repair :
999 (Service Tools and
Hardware - Overview) in Replace data link adapter.
Section F, for 3-pin data link
cable, in the appropriate
eectronic control system Voltage equal to or greater
than 9 VDC? 6F
troubleshooting and repair
manual for pin locations. NO

STEP 6F. Check voltage at vehicle battery.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

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Voltage equal to or greater

than 11 VDC?

YES
Repair complete.
Repair :

Repair or replace damaged

wiring.
Check the voltage at the
vehicle battery. Voltage equal to or greater
than 11 VDC?

NO

Repair : Repair complete.

Clean the battery

connections or replace the
batteries.

STEP 6G. Computer serial port voltage check

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

For Inline I only: Minimum of 5 VDC

available?
Measure voltage across the
SIGNAL ground pin and the YES
Repair complete.
data terminal ready pin and
the SIGNAL ground pin and Repair :
the request to send pin on Replace data link adapter.
the computer serial port.
Minimum of 5 VDC
Reference Procedure 022-
available?
999 (Service Tools and
Hardware - Overview) in NO
Section F, for serial cable, in Repair complete.
the appropriate Repair :
troubleshooting and repair Contact PC administration
manual for pin locations. support.

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STEP 7. Data link circuit check

STEP 7A. Check J1939 or J1587 circuits.

Conditions :
None.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Use the following procedures Circuit check OK?
to perform J1939 or J1587 11A
YES
circuit checks depending on
the data link circuit being
used.

Reference Procedure 019-

165 (Data Link Circuit, SAE
J1939) in Section 19 in the
appropriate troubleshooting
and repair manual.

This procedure gives

information for a complete
resistance check. Check for
short circuit to ground.
Check for short circuit from
pin-to-pin.
Reference Procedure 019-
166 (Data Link Circuit, SAE
J1587) in Section 19 in the
appropriate troubleshooting
and repair manual.

This procedure gives

information for a complete
resistance check. Check for
short circuit to ground.
Check for short circuit from
pin-to-pin. Measure the
voltage.

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Reference Procedure 019- Circuit check OK?

428 (Engine data links) in
NO
Section 19 in the
appropriate troubleshooting
Repair :
and repair manual. Repair complete.
Complete resistance check. Repair or replace the
Check for short circuit to harness with the data link
ground. Check for short problem, either the engine
circuit from pin-to-pin. or OEM harness.

STEP 8. Initial electronic tool check

STEP 8A. Second vehicle availability check for electronic tool.

Conditions :
Verify second vehicle available for testing.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Second vehicle available to
connect to the electronic
tool? 8B
Verify if a second vehicle is
available to connect to YES
electronic tool? Second vehicle available to
connect to the electronic
tool? 10A

NO

STEP 8B. Initial electronic tool functionality check.

Conditions :
Connect electronic tool to second vehicle.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Attempt to communicate with Second ECM communicate
the ECM on the second using the electronic tool? 11A
vehicle using the electronic
YES
tool.

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Second ECM communicate

using the electronic tool? 10A
NO

STEP 9. Detailed electronic tool check

STEP 9A. Troubleshoot electronic tool hardware.

Conditions :
None.

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Perform troubleshooting Electronic tool hardware
procedures for evaluating check OK?
electronic tool hardware:
YES
Data link adapter cable 11A
Repair :
Data link adapter power
supply cable Communication issue found.

Data link adapter

Serial or universal serial

bus (USB) cable

Computer.
Reference Procedure 022-
999 (Service Tools and
Hardware - Overview) in
Section F, in the appropriate
troubleshooting and repair
manual.
Complete the following
checks:

Initial Check - electronic

service tool

Initial Check - data link

adapters

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Try another USB or Electronic tool hardware

serial cable check OK?
Resistance Check for NO
data link adapter cable Repair complete.
and data link adapter Repair :
power supply cable.
Repair or replace damaged
hardware.

STEP 10. Serial cable and computer check

STEP 10A. Troubleshoot serial cable and computer.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

Perform troubleshooting Serial cable and computer
procedures for evaluating the check OK?
serial cable and computer.
YES
Reference Procedure 022- 11A
999 (Service Tools and Repair :
Hardware - Overview) in
Section F, in the appropriate Communication issue found.
troubleshooting and repair
manual. Serial cable and computer
Complete the following check OK?
checks: NO
Initial Check - electronic Repair complete.
Repair :
service tool
Repair or replace damaged
Try another USB or
hardware.
serial Cable.

STEP 11. ROM boot ECM

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STEP 11A. ROM boot tool availability check.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

ROM boot tool available?
11B
YES
ROM boot tool available?
NO

Repair :
Verify if ROM boot tool is
available for specific ECM. Replace the ECM.
Repair complete.
Reference Procedure 019-
031 (Electronic Control
Module (ECM)) in Section
19 in the appropriate
troubleshooting and repair
manual.

STEP 11B. ROM boot the ECM.

Conditions :
None

Action Specification/Repair Next Step

ROM boot the ECM. ECM communicates?

Reference Procedure 019- YES

427 (ECM ROM Boot) in Repair complete.
Section 19 in the Repair :
appropriate troubleshooting
Calibrate the ECM again.
and repair manual.

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ECM communicates?

NO

Repair :

Replace the ECM.

Repair complete.
Reference Procedure 019-
031 (Engine Control
Module) in Section 19 in the
appropriate troubleshooting
and repair manual.

Last Modified: 06-May-2021

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