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Izho 2019 D2

1) The document contains problems from the second day of the XV International Zhautykov Olympiad in Mathematics held in Almaty, Kazakhstan in January 2019. 2) Problem 4 involves an isosceles triangle and two circles tangent to its sides and extensions, proving that two points are equal distance from a common point. 3) Problem 5 concerns periodic functions on integers coprime to a given integer n, proving the minimal period divides all periods. 4) Problem 6 allows reversing coefficients and shifting a cubic polynomial by 1, asking if a specific cubic can be obtained from another by these operations.

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Serdar Bozdağ
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208 views1 page

Izho 2019 D2

1) The document contains problems from the second day of the XV International Zhautykov Olympiad in Mathematics held in Almaty, Kazakhstan in January 2019. 2) Problem 4 involves an isosceles triangle and two circles tangent to its sides and extensions, proving that two points are equal distance from a common point. 3) Problem 5 concerns periodic functions on integers coprime to a given integer n, proving the minimal period divides all periods. 4) Problem 6 allows reversing coefficients and shifting a cubic polynomial by 1, asking if a specific cubic can be obtained from another by these operations.

Uploaded by

Serdar Bozdağ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

XV International Zhautykov Olympiad in Mathematics

Almaty, 2019
January 12, 9.00-13.30

Second day
(Each problem is worth 7 points)
4. An isosceles triangle ABC with AC = BC is given. Point D is chosen on the side AC . The circle
S1 of radius R with the center O1 touches the segment AD and the extensions of BA and BD over the
points A and D, respectively. The circle S2 of radius 2R with the center O2 touches the segment DC and
the extensions of BD and BC over the points D and C , respectively. Let the tangent to the circumcircle
of the triangle BO1O2 at the point O2 intersect the line BA at point F . Prove that O1F = O1O2.
5. Let n > 1 be a positive integer. A function f : I → Z is given, where I is the set of all integers coprime
with n. (Z is the set of integers). A positive integer k is called a period of the function f if f (a) = f (b) for
all a, b ∈ I such that a ≡ b (mod k). It is known that n is a period of f. Prove that the minimal period of
the function f divides all its periods.
Example. For n = 6, the function f with period 6 is dened entirely by its values f (1) and f (5). If
f (1) = f (5), then the function has minimal period Pmin = 1, and if f (1) 6= f (5), then Pmin = 3.
6. On a polynomial of degree three it is allowed to perform the following two operations arbitrarily
many times:
(i) reverse the order of its coecients including zeroes (for instance, from the polynomial x3 − 2x2 − 3
we can obtain −3x3 − 2x + 1);
(ii) change polynomial P (x) to the polynomial P (x + 1).
Is it possible to obtain the polynomial x3 − 3x2 + 3x − 3 from the polynomial x3 − 2?

XV Ìåæäóíàðîäíàÿ Æàóòûêîâñêàÿ îëèìïèàäà ïî ìàòåìàòèêå


Àëìàòû
12 ÿíâàðÿ 2019 ãîäà, 9.00-13.30

Âòîðîé äåíü
(Êàæäàÿ çàäà÷à îöåíèâàåòñÿ â 7 áàëëîâ)
4. Äàí ðàâíîáåäðåííûé òðåóãîëüíèê ABC , AC = BC . Íà ñòîðîíå AC âûáðàíà òî÷êà D. Îêðóæ-
íîñòü S1 ñ ðàäèóñîì R è öåíòðîì O1 êàñàåòñÿ îòðåçêà AD è ïðîäîëæåíèé BA è BD çà òî÷êè A è D
ñîîòâåòñòâåííî. Îêðóæíîñòü S2 ñ ðàäèóñîì 2R è öåíòðîì O2 êàñàåòñÿ îòðåçêà DC è ïðîäîëæåíèé
BD è BC çà òî÷êè D è C ñîîòâåòñòâåííî. Ïóñòü êàñàòåëüíàÿ ê îïèñàííîé îêðóæíîñòè òðåóãîëüíèêà
BO1 O2 â òî÷êå O2 ïåðåñåêàåò ïðÿìóþ BA â òî÷êå F . Äîêàæèòå, ÷òî O1 F = O1 O2 .
5. Ïóñòü n > 1  íàòóðàëüíîå ÷èñëî. Äàíà ôóíêöèÿ f : I → Z, ãäå I  ìíîæåñòâî âñåõ öåëûõ
÷èñåë, âçàèìíî ïðîñòûõ ñ n. (Z  ìíîæåñòâî âñåõ öåëûõ ÷èñåë). Íàòóðàëüíîå ÷èñëî k íàçûâàåòñÿ
ïåðèîäîì ôóíêöèè f åñëè f (a) = f (b) äëÿ ëþáûõ a, b ∈ I òàêèõ, ÷òî a ≡ b (mod k). Èçâåñòíî,
÷òî n ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïåðèîäîì ôóíêöèè f. Äîêàæèòå, ÷òî ìèíèìàëüíûé ïåðèîä ôóíêöèè f äåëèò âñå åå
ïåðèîäû.
Ïðèìåð. Êîãäà n = 6, ôóíêöèÿ f ñ ïåðèîäîì 6 ïîëíîñòüþ îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ ñâîèìè çíà÷åíèÿìè f (1)
è f (5). Åñëè f (1) = f (5), òî ôóíêöèÿ èìååò ìèíèìàëüíûé ïåðèîä Pmin = 1, à åñëè f (1) 6= f (5), òî
Pmin = 3.
6. Ñ ìíîãî÷ëåíîì òðåòüåé ñòåïåíè ðàçðåøàåòñÿ íåîãðàíè÷åííîå ÷èñëî ðàç ïðîäåëûâàòü ñëåäóþùèå
äâå îïåðàöèè:
(i) ïåðåñòàâëÿòü åãî êîýôôèöèåíòû, âêëþ÷àÿ íóëåâûå, â îáðàòíîì ïîðÿäêå (òàê, èç ìíîãî÷ëåíà
x − 2x2 − 3 ìîæíî ïîëó÷èòü ìíîãî÷ëåí −3x3 − 2x + 1);
3

(ii) çàìåíÿòü ìíîãî÷ëåí P (x) íà ìíîãî÷ëåí P (x + 1).


Ìîæíî ëè ïîëó÷èòü èç ìíîãî÷ëåíà x3 − 2 ìíîãî÷ëåí x3 − 3x2 + 3x − 3?

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