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Formulae Chart

A brief key points and mind glances of mathematics of class 10 for quick revision which makes your marks better

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saic27927
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56 views13 pages

Formulae Chart

A brief key points and mind glances of mathematics of class 10 for quick revision which makes your marks better

Uploaded by

saic27927
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASS: X

CHAPTER-1 REAL NUMBERS


* Euclid’s division lemma
a = b q + r, 0≤r<b where
a-dividend, b-divisor, q-quotient, r-remainder.
*HCF X LCM = a x b
CHAPTER-2 POLYNOMIALS
*Standard form of quadratic polynomial
ax2+bx+c
𝑏
*Sum of zeroes : α + β = - 𝑎

𝑐
*Product of zeroes: α x β= 𝑎

*Formula to find quadratic polynomial when sum


and product of zeroes are given:
x2 – ( α + β)x + αβ
CHAPTER-3 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES

*Standard form of linear equations in two


variables are a1x+b1y+c1=0 and a2x+b2y+c2=0

* Three situations are


𝑎1 𝑏1 Intersecting consistent One solution
≠
𝑎2 𝑏2
lines
𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1 Coincident consistent Many
= =
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
lines solutions
𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1 Parallel lines inconsistent No solutions
= ≠
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
CHAPTER-4 QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
*Standard form of quadratic equation, x2+bx+c=0
*Nature of roots
1. If discriminent ,b2-4ac=0 then ,roots are real
and equal.
2. If b2-4ac >0 then , roots are real and distinct.
3. If b2-4ac <0 then , roots are imaginary.
* Formula to find roots/solutions of quadratic
equation ax2+bx+c=0
−𝑏±√𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
X= 2𝑎

CHAPTER-5 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS


* nth term of AP
1. an= a+(n-1)d
2. an= sn-sn-1

*Sum of n terms of AP
𝑛
1. Sn =2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
𝑛 𝑛
2. Sn= 2 [ a + l] or Sn=2 [a + an]

CHAPTER-7 CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY

*DISTANCE FORMULA:
Distance between two points A(x1,y1) ,B(x2,y2) is
AB=√(𝑥1 − 𝑥2 )2 + (𝑦1 − 𝑦2 )2

*SECTION FORMULA:
a)Coordinates of point P(x,y) which divides the
line segment joining the points A(x1,y1) and
B(x2,y2) internally in the ratio m1:m2

𝑚1 𝑥2 +𝑚2 𝑥1 𝑚1 𝑦2+𝑚2 𝑦1
p(x,y)=⌈ , 𝑚 +𝑚 ⌉
𝑚1 +𝑚2 1 2

b)In case ratio is k:1

𝑘𝑥2 +𝑥1 𝑘𝑦2 +𝑦1


P(x,y)=⌈ , ⌉
𝑘+1 𝑘+1
MID POINT FORMULA

The midpoint of the line segment joining the


points A(x1,y1) and B(x2,y2)

𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2
P(x,y)=[ , ]
2 2

AREA OF TRIANGLE

𝟏
The area of triangle=𝟐 [𝒙𝟏 (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟑 ) +
𝒙𝟐 (𝒚𝟑 − 𝒚𝟏 ) + 𝒙𝟑 (𝒚𝟏 − 𝒚𝟐 )]

CHAPTER-8
INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY

Trigonometric ratios o the angle A in right


triangle ABC right angle at B
A
adj hyp

B opp C
𝑂𝑃𝑃
*Sine of angle A = ℎ𝑦𝑝

𝑎𝑑𝑗
*Cosine of angle A=ℎ𝑦𝑝

𝑜𝑝𝑝
*Tangent of angle A= 𝑎𝑑𝑗

ℎ𝑦𝑝
*Cosecant of angle A = 𝑜𝑝𝑝

ℎ𝑦𝑝
*Secant of angle A= 𝑎𝑑𝑗

𝑎𝑑𝑗
*Cotangent of angle A=𝑜𝑝𝑝

RECIPROCALS OF TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS

1 1
*Sin A=𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴 and Cosec A=𝑆𝑖𝑛𝐴

1 1
*Cos A=𝑆𝑒𝑐𝐴 and Sec A=𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐴

1 1
*Tan A=𝐶𝑜𝑡𝐴 and Cot A=𝑇𝑎𝑛𝐴
COMPLIMENTARY ANGLES

*Sin (900-A)=Cos A and Cos(900-A)=Sin A

*Sec (900-A)=Cosec A and Cosec(900-A)=Sec A

*Tan(900-A)=Cot A and Cot(900-A)=Tan A

TRIGONOMETRIC TABLE

A 00 300 450 600 900


HINT
0 1 2 3 4
√ √ √ √ √
4 4 4 4 4
Sin A 0 1 1 √3 1
2 √2 2
Cos A 1 √3 1 1 0
2 √2 2
1
Tan A 0 1 √3 ∞
√3
Cosec A ∞ 2 2 1
√2
√3
2
Sec A 1 √2 2 ∞
√3
Cot A ∞ 1 1 0
√3
√3
TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

1) Sin2A + Cos2A=1
2) 1 + Tan2A = Sec2A
3) 1 + Cot2A = Cosec2A

CHAPTER 12 AREAS RELATED TO CIRCLES

∮
*Area of sector = πr2
3600

∮
*Length of an arc = 3600 2𝜋𝑟

*Area of equilateral triangle with side a units


√3
= 4 a2

CHAPTER -13 SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES

Area of circle = πr2


Circumference of circle= 2πr
Area of rectangle = l x b
Perimeter of rectangle= 2( l + b)
Area of square = side x side
Perimeter of square = 4 x side
LSA (lateral surface area) of cube= 4a2
TSA (total surface area) of cube= 6a2
Volume of cube= a3
LSA of cuboid = 2( lh + bh) or 2h(l +b)
TSA of cuboid = 2(lh+bh+lb)
Volume of cuboid= l x b x h
CSA of cylinder= 2πrh
TSA of cylinder= 2πr(r + h)
Volume of cylinder= πr2h
CSA of cone = πrl (where l=slant height)
l= √𝑟 2 + ℎ2
TSA of cone = πr(r + l)
1
Volume of cone= 3πr2h
Surface area of sphere= 4πr2
4
Volume of sphere= πr3
3
CSA of hemisphere= 2πr2
TSA of hemisphere = 3πr2
2
Volume of hemisphere =3πr3
CSA of frustum of cone =π( r1+ r2) l
Where l= √ℎ2 + (𝑟1 − 𝑟2 )2 (r1>r2)
TSA of frustum of cone= π( r1+ r2)l +πr12+πr22
1
Volume of cone = 3πh ( r12+r22+r1r2)

CHAPTER-14 STATISTICS

MEAN:

• Direct method
𝛴𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
Mean= 𝛴𝑓𝑖
𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡+𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡
Where, xi=class mark= 2
Assumed mean method:

𝛴𝑓𝑖 𝑑𝑖
Mean= a + 𝛴𝑓𝑖
where, di= xi-a and a=assumed mean
Step deviation method:

𝛴𝑓𝑖 𝑢𝑖
Mean= a +( )h
𝛴𝑓𝑖
𝑑
Where, ui= 𝑖 and h-class size
ℎ

MODE:

𝑓 −𝑓
1 0
Mode = l + [2𝑓 −𝑓 ]h
1 −𝑓 0 2
Where,
l=lower limit of modal class
f0=frequency preceding the modal class
f1=frequency of the modal class
f2=frequency succeeding the modal class
h=class size

MEDIAN:

𝑛
−𝑐𝑓
2
Median= l + [ ]h
𝑓
Where,
I=lower limit of the median class
n=total number of observations
cf= cumulative frequency
f= frequency
h=class size

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