QUESTION BANK 2021

SIDDHARTH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS :: PUTTUR

Siddharth Nagar, Narayanavanam Road – 517583

QUESTION BANK (DESCRIPTIVE)

Subject with Code : PSP(18EE0224) Course & Branch: B.Tech - EEE

Year & Sem: IV-B.Tech & I-Sem Regulation: R18
UNIT –I
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
1. Explain Sliepian’s theory and energy balance theory [L1][CO1][10M]
2. (a) Explain the principle of ARC extinction. [L1][CO1][5M]
(b) Discuss the different methods of “ARC” extinction [L1][CO1][5M]
3. For a 132kv system, the reactance and capacitance up to the location of a C.B is 3 Ω. And
0.015µFrespectively. Calculate the fallowing a) The frequency of transient oscillations.
b) The Maximum value of restriking voltage. C)The max value of RRRV. [L2][CO1][10M]
4. Explain the operation of Minimum oil Circuit Breaker with diagram. [L2][CO2][10M]
5. Explain the principle and operation of Vacuum Breaker with diagram. [L2][CO2][10M]
6. With neat sketch, describe the working principle of an axial air blast type circuit breaker
[L2][CO2][10M]
7. Discuss the operating principle of SF6 circuit breaker, what are its advantages over other types of
circuit breakers and for what voltage range it is recommended. [L2][CO2][10M]
8. Explain the terms recovery voltage, restriking voltage and RRRV. Derive an expression for
restriking voltage in terms of system capacitance and inductance. [L3][CO1][10M]
9. Write short notes on the following.
(i) Resistance switching
(ii) Current chopping.
10. (a) What is meant by a circuit breaker? Explain its function [L1][CO1][2M]
(b) Name and state briefly two theories of reducing of arc in a circuit breaker. [L1][CO1][2M]
(c) What is meant by current chopping? [L1][CO1][2M]
(d) What are the applications of SF6 circuit breaker? [L1][CO1][2M]
(e) What is meant by making capacity of a circuit breaker? [L1][CO1][2M]

Power System Protection Page 1

 QUESTION BANK 2021

UNIT –II
RELAYS

1. (a) What is protective relay? Discuss the basic requirements of relay. [L1][CO3][5M]
(b) Explain the constructional details and operation of attracted armatures relay [L1][CO3][5M]

2. (a) Explain in detail about primary and back up protection. [L1][CO3][5M]

(b) Classify the various types of the over current relays and give their applications along
With characteristics [L1][CO3][5M]

3. Describe the principle of Reactance relay and explain its characteristics on R-X planes
[L1][CO3][10M]
4. Describe the principle of Impedance relay and explain its characteristics on R-X- planes.
[L2][CO3][10M]
5. (a) What are the advantages of induction cup relays over induction disc relays? What is
the purpose of shading in an induction disc-relay? [L2][CO3][5M]
(b) Explain differential relay in detail [L2][CO3][5M]
6. Explain working of microprocessor based over current relay with suitable diagram. [L2][CO3][10M]
7. (a) List the advantages and disadvantages of microprocessor based relays. [L1][CO3][5M]
(b) Explain the working of a static over current relay. [L1][CO3][5M]
8. What are the different types of distance relays? Compare their merits and demerits. [L1][CO3][5M]
(b) Discuss the principle of operation of induction cup relay with relevant diagram. [L1][CO3][5M]
9. (a) With a neat diagram explain the working of induction type directional over current relay?
[L1][CO3][5M]
(b) What is universal torque equation? Using this equation derive the following
(i) Impedance relay (ii) reactance relay (iii) Mho relay [L1][CO3][5M]

10. (a) What are the merits of Static relays? [L1][CO3][2M]

(b) What is differential protection? [L1][CO3][2M]
(c) What is protective relay? Give its fundamental requirements. [L1][CO3][2M]
(d) Define relay List out classification of Relays [L1][CO3][2M]
(e) What is meant by MHO relay? [L1][CO3][2M]

Power System Protection Page 2

 QUESTION BANK 2021

UNIT –III
PROTECTION OF GENERATORS & TRANSFORMERS
1. (a) Describe the protection of the stator windings of 3-phase alternator against turn-to-turn
faults. [L1][CO4][5M]
(b) Calculate the required value of neutral resistance for a 3-phase11kv alternator so as to
protect 70% of the winding against earth-fault by a relay with pick-up current of 1 A.
The neutral CT has a ratio of 250/5. [L2][CO4][5M]

2. (a) Explain protection of generators in abnormal conditions [L2][CO4][5M]

(b) Explain internal faults inside the transformer [L2][CO4][5M]
3. (a) Enumerate the relaying schemes, which are employed for the protection of a modern
alternator? [L1][CO3][5M]
(b) An 11kv,1000 MVA generator is provided with differential scheme of protection. The
percentage of generator winding to be protected against phase to ground fault is 80%,the
relay is set to be operate when there is a 15% out of balance current determine the value of
resistance to be placed in neutral to ground connection? [L2][CO4][5M]

4. (a) Explain a scheme of protection for failure of alternator excitation. [L1][CO4][5M]

(b) Discuss the different types of transformer faults. What are various protective schemes
available for transformers? [L1][CO4][5M]
5. (a) Describe the protection of the stator windings of 3-phase alternator against turn-to-turn
faults. [L1][CO4][5M]
(b) Calculate the required value of neutral resistance for a 3-phase11kv alternator so as to
protect 70% of the winding against earth-fault by a relay with pick-up current of 1 A.
The neutral CT has a ratio of 250/5. [L1][CO4][5M]
6. A 6.6 kV, 4000 kV A star connected alternator with a transient reactance of 2 Ω /phase
And negligible resistance, is protected by a circulating current protective system. The
alternator neutral is earthed through a resistor of 7.5Ω. The relays are set to operate when
there is an out of balance current of 1 A in the secondary windings of the 500/5 current
Transformers. what percentage of each phase winding is protected against an earth fault?
[L2][CO4][5M]
7. (a) Discuss the percentage differential protection scheme of a transformer? [L1][CO3][5M]
(b) Explain the working principle of buch-holtz relay with neat diagram? [L1][CO3][5M]

8. (a) Discuss earth fault protection for transformers. [L2][CO4][5M]

(b) A 3-phase transformer rated for 33kV/6.6kV is connected star-delta and the
Protecting current transformer on the low voltage side have a ratio of
400/5.Determine the ratio of the current transformer on the HV side.
[L2][CO4][5M]
9. The neutral point of a 3-phase, 20MVA, 11kV alternator is earthed through a resistance of 5 Ω,
the relay is set to operate when there is an out of balance current of 1.5 A.The C.T.s has a
ratio of 1000/5.What percentage of winding is protected against an earth fault and what should
be the Minimum value of earthling resistance to protect 90% of the winding.
[L3][CO4][5M]

Power System Protection Page 3

 QUESTION BANK 2021

10. a) What are the causes of over speed and how alternators are protected from it? [L1][CO4][2M]
b) Write a short note on Buchholtz Relay protection used in transformer. [L1][CO4][2M]
c) Mention different types of faults occur in generators [L1][CO4][2M]
d) What type of relay is used for loss of excitation of an alternator? [L1][CO4][2M]
e) How do you protect generator against stator faults? [L1][CO4][2M]

UNIT –IV
PROTECTION OF FEEDERS & LINES

1. (a) Elaborate on various methods for protection of feeders. [L1][CO5][5M]

(b) What is the importance of bus-bar protection? What are the requirements of protection of
lines?
2. (a) Explain in detail about the time graded and current graded system. [L1][CO5][5M]
(b) Explain the construction and principle of operation of a translay relay applied to a single phase
system. [L1][CO5][5M]
3. (a) Explain in detail about the Merz price voltage balanced system with a neat single line diagram.
[L1][CO5][5M]
(b) Describe in detail the protection of parallel feeder and ring mains. [L1][CO5][5M]
4. Draw the schematic diagram of the carrier current protection scheme of lines. Also explain its working
principle. [L1][CO5][10M]
5. Explain about the over current protection of bus bars with relevant connection diagram
[L1][CO5][10M]
6. Explain over-current protection of feeders. How is the protection system graded with respect to the
time of operation of relays for a radial feeder [L1][CO5][10M]
7. With neat Diagram Explain the Three zone distance protection in 3-Phase transmission line.
[L1][CO5][10M]
8. Write short notes on the following: [L1][CO5][10M]
(i) Fault bus protection
(ii) Translay scheme.
9. (a) Discuss the importance of Bus bar protection. [L1][CO5][5M]
(b) What is back-up protection of bus bar? [L1][CO5][5M]
10. (a) What is the commonly used protection for 3 phase feeders? [L1][CO5][2M]
(b) What is differential protection? [L1][CO5][2M]
(c) Discuss requirement of line protection [L1][CO5][2M]
(d) State the types of faults in power system [L1][CO5][2M]
(e) Define Pick up current [L1][CO5][2M]

Power System Protection Page 4

 QUESTION BANK 2021

UNIT-V
Protection Against Over Voltages And Grounding

1. (a) Discuss the phenomena of a lightning stroke. [L1][CO6][5M]

(b) Explain the working of valve type lightning arrester. [L1][CO6][5M]

2. Write short notes on the following: [L1][CO6][10M]

a) Causes of over voltages in power systems.
b) Basic impulse level and its significance.
3. (a)What is lightening? Describe the mechanism of lighting discharge by drawing suitable
4. diagrams [L1][CO6][5M]
(b) What are the various types of lighting arresters? Explain, with a neat sketch, the working of
5. Zinc-Oxide lightning arrester [L1][CO6][5M]
6. (a) Explain and sketch neat diagram of valve type lightning arrester. [L1][CO6][5M]
(b) Enumerate the basic concepts of insulation coordination. [L1][CO6][5M]
7. (a) Explain the differences between equipment grounding and system grounding?
[L1][CO6][5M]
(b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of overhead ground wires [L1][CO6][5M]
8. (a) With a neat diagram explain the operation of any one type of lightning arrester.
[L1][CO6][5M]
(b) Discuss and compare the various methods of neutral earthing explain. [L1][CO6][5M]
9. (a) Briefly explain the various methods of overvoltage protection of overhead transmission
line. [L1][CO6][5M]
(b) What is horn gap arrester? Explain how it works. What is the purpose of inserting a
Resistance [L1][CO6][5M]
between horn gap arrester and the line?
10. (a) What are the functions of grounding in power system [L1][CO6][2M]
(b) What are the causes of over voltages in an electrical system? [L1][CO6][2M]
(c) Explain the need for a lightning arrester. [L1][CO6][2M]
(d) What are the advantages of neutral grounding? [L1][CO6][2M]
(e) Why earth wire is provided in overhead transmission lines? [L1][CO6][2M]

Prepared by: K.GUNAPRASAD

Power System Protection Page 5