Dielectrics Unt Levels 1, Caplan Re Aypes of paardzation in alors: | Ans, When “the spectrin & glared Anse o i chi to Jour types of Process o Electronic polorization : Qonic -patorization ce Orientation -polorizalion 1d: Spore change polorizabion- “- Elertvonte polarization: he displacement of the postively charged ond “he cleckons (negative) of on alont An opposite: directions Hc-elednc Held ygateniation . i { uc leus On oppGeation of O clonic. field ,resutis in eLeckronic polarization: On \ opp tying, & field the elotion cloud Ground the ‘nucteous vel shifts end 4 the field: #6 Are. nucleous ond the conve jowards the poaitive coud ave geparades ie weokal within enth otom: he edert of this Se is proportional se age 4d reg Ss Ae SIE YET ee pe gag age shit aistorce, ciple momen As alto propotimal to the field of Ae aieason By o certain dictate ,diprle mom ond x Onguced dipole momeyd SLE , pret) * sq are elactronie potorizabity ‘ A simplified classical modal of an atom is Shown in q. | gtere Ae rucies of charge “get ag sarrounded By. on eléchron cloud eg change "22" dniatet wo a spine grade "Nhe Seas | | aahiere "tedensity ~P” ic Qiven oy Ze - ~3(2e aC adhien on external field of internity “e” i applied the nackeen and Ame eladtsons experience Lsrente fons ff wagnitide “zee in oppoute. divedions. Hence the nucleus ard electron. cloud ave pulled apart Aahen hey ave sepoated, 0. cofoumb farce develop. Betneen 4Qern rohich tends to oppose the displacement when these fortes sramely, Cored force and tsfoumb fore ore aguas and opposite » equilibrium © veoh ond (eat"x* Ge the displatement uder thak candiien- Aiuctepuc & much ear thon te electron cloud’ it & ascornes ‘thos. ony te clack cloud deplored when externas fad opplied - fovent2 forw=~ Zeb - Cotsurds force = exe {change enctosed in the gpheve of adie 2] fe | Charge enclosed = Sweep ~4s2[3 Ge) Zee Hence cotoumals force € tes cag. Bes, Qn the equiGibrium position , ~ZeE= fee ee 26a or & ATE +6) nfus Ane dieplotement of Ah ecsen cloud ® proportional to agptied etd: Thu the 00 clermic charges +Ze and ~ze oreSeporoied Gy dittante 2 under the actin of the applied fetd Hux coretitubing, anduucest electric dipoles Anduted olectie dipile moment se = Zex =» ZEUNERE ze dhe = UTERE: Srom equation 1, te = oft - anhere ove UNE R? i called clectonic potorizablty."Ahe dipole moment] pa unt volume ic called electronic pulanizatility” dk 4 independent o errOcrodsre - Rresnoni qolorization wedor= Pe = Nate = eee: adhere, N is the umber of ators fr. Ade Eno thok, fo = Go ECEr-1)= Nolet: (or) (Er-1) = Nee & Mente ce = oCer-) nN 6). Gonic Fdlorization: Sonic goteriantion As due to the dispfacement of coligns ond anions in oppsite divertor. ard occurs in an ionic Solid. Sappre an electric field te appied in the +ve a diredion- The paitive font move to the tape Gy ond Teqtive tors to the Catt by a: Ssussing that eath unit cell fos one cabin avd one onan. the vetion dipole “moment per unit, call due to donic ditplorement given by dhe OCRI+R)- Ny Bond Ba ove. vetering, foe coretants f cobion ond * onion ond F(Aewtors 1c Ahe free due to applied getd: At equilibrivey ovordz, fate & etal 40 vertoring farce of eash ion fone, F = Bree Ge where Pie hs OTe rnd & Muah vegpeciively me moss of cabin. Mz ross. af. ONWOn:Hence, ee comitanks depend Upon Aho nant Of the ton and (Ws) Ya matecule Th which ions ave presen: Restowng, fore orgptor feapency of Wren , 2, = 2h ek ay > SE. Mus soho Ns nals of nengive ve Rosusllant: digpiatament = 214% 6th] 2 Nnduted be sue 2 et Ynduted dipete Toomer: i uy = eet) | Therefore, oc; = 4h © Sle ‘le Sonic polovizabi ty. Aros, the lorie polorteabilty “ox” inwerthy propotioral tothe sqpore OL He rotutal freqenty of ‘Ke ionic ‘miacule ond to ie reducet sass hide i yl to (kt) © Ovienlahionsl Btovization: Qn Methone rotecule CCHy) Ane conte gf the snegplive ond potitive charges cointice , So cthere is no permanént agate women On the other Rondin certain motecwles sath os CHyO, ahe pariive & negative chovges demo coincide. Since the elechoneattvity, ef chiovine rmore thon Ahoh of Fydrogen.the chlorine atom pullt the Bonding eheclvors to ite) move Srongty Aon hydrogen. Here even. in the olseviee ff an ehecttic field: This nolecules carries & dipole mome| cok then ont eledic field & opptied on such motecules whith possess permanent dipole yromént sine tend to align thermielies in the divertor, 4g agitied Gold o% ahaon in fiqure. ‘the polarization due to such ignmens called critrladion polorizntion and % dependerd on Aempe Svat ino@mce of Lennpevosuure athe thermal energy tends to -ngyur® ae aligarnent Ovientasionat potorization con be shown to be,f= Nuz Nae: . Nee: 3KnT Wrevelore dhe overtational polarialoiity veto Ee ar % wt ABUL Ahe sMentational polonzote lity ote te anvertty propoonat “to alesolute, Aernperahure. of the -alevial A). Space charge ‘Wloyizalion: Spoce chovge pulatwation occur due to the accumulation ef charger od (he eleckradear or O the imier{ace im 0 Multipho| Sonic polarizability Aus, Abe lorve polanizabibiy “Mi” is Anvershy propotional © the square of Re nodal Fraperey ef the tonic moleeute and te ite reduce wets which t qual to Gedy! ™Level-2 “| Define the fottoraing sermt Di ot its Dielettsic ati . pe eh i ledelvane ionization Dielectric plorizabitity ‘iedeuic potorizaiihy: wren | Swvertased th el the strength. of elect field “E' rahe strenqih af the Choluced dipole sa alto mereates | Ae ye we anhere ty ae the wonstort 1 de con be gained OS argued dipole. Hickevsae qetariagtian: The process ot producing. we external alecant, held ond ol the jn. erernal oleriaic field advection. polarizabl: : opar tionality ae called field ment per urut eteneric tes when a deo & plowed Apes — ONE ome elgcstt quiosization: Susceptibility: me potosvecihion. yeukor %& proportional 4p the “wtal cledaie fre density & ond & in aame direction of ge. Therefore ahe potoaation ecko cn be writen a8 Pe Xe tol consort Xe ape elettrit guscoptl bility. ‘ eo EEx-" qogore %E* & s afi) fe = Ex! Arefeane Conshane | Mielesate portant is the thio & on: thE ond the permeability of Sree Space. Pe is P vor Qe He Oo Tein of . sare quardity . ey" . has no unite.Fetasstty SOME of the agplicationt of the Detects: 1 ang | The dietetic materials ave rainty used as insuloding molerialt & Os -madium In coparitors The applications of dielectric ore 1 Gnautading, motenals: ee agedcolion for inauloding moteial required to how (cro Aisleane conttont, or dictetine Tots, igh Tesittance 4s diclettic sheng Haymes ond ceramics ave widely used solid intulators - She widely ured solid tnuulatore Pvc makonale ceramics, mica, and asbestos: PVC moteriokt Foxe, aleclricot ond mechanical proper Slente hey ore saideby Used for insulakion in wires 4 coblec. Is An on ctecyte iron, mito and ashettos irulotion + provided to Rentote cuNrent from the SUler body of. tron. @ Liquid dictedtrics combined, ingutating properties oth, cooling ability - So bapid didkertics such os potofeum. oils, sition oil ave widely used as filling medium Soy tantformert, ohcuit Brokers etc lo he chorge separation ina parallel plate coporitor causes an inte Cleric field A dielectic veduces the field & inoenses the enpacitence. © Commerciatly morgadured oapautos -omuse oSotid diefectrte mate yank oth Gao porestivity os the Wier uieving medium Gebwern the store positive 4 negative charges. Dielechte médeiaty ured foy copotitere ave also chosen uth that they Gre Texiduale vesistard. 40 ionization. The Wroulaking, rnoserials con be efficiently Reated up fy subjecting them ty a Righ vollage of Subtle frequenay namely the Frqpency ok RICA dielectric Gots & wactimum. HP WRe dietectic tes monifety in the form of Reat.e> Cooking, 1 Wowase oven 4¢ one of the popular diclecinie, eaking 4. Dielectric Resonator : . OD Aickectic yeronatey otcilladm kon elethonic componens thor extubi Wononle for Oo notre range of frequencies, generally in the wMiemaa bond - © Suh venation are ten wed to provide o Frequency *réferante in ON ofeiUertey civeuid - io An unshielded dielechte vetonakoy con be used a dioleetrte Teconator ortennd Lonnt-3 +] Deve on exprasion for the internal Lelds ino diceckric +moteriol ond hence derive Clowsius Mossati Equation? ans} Lok a distonte Ge plased Between the plates of o parallel plote capac sx ond (eb dhore be on 4 inom spherical cavity aseundl the otore “A” inaide the dietetic. At ie alto osumed Ahal the radius f conity & Come comporel to the radu of the atom tT TT tT thy peritisp ted Ge inkemal fold at olom ste A con be contidered to be made wy of Ahe following pur componen, namely Hyp rb k by Hold &: G is the Rod ‘wdenchy ah A due 4 the charge deraity on Ahe plates “om the fed AheenyQ-o. fo sohere, D= Pt E> a> Peet: re+£ 30) Ydd GQ: & ie ‘Tes intensity ob A due.to the. chosge sy on the two sides gh the dioletiric + . Weld EK Geld Intensity aL A due to other clornt contained mi Ahe eQuity- We ore atiuming cubic substance ,20 €= 0) because of Syren THold by: Ey 6 the fiald inkensty die to polorizaton chorges on the surface Yq Re couty d WOE calculated orend.2- The enlarged vied gf the covity © sham in Squire: Ag “da* fe the gurfore OF]. af the sphere ef radius ‘ tying, behoeen Ye ond “S486”. adhere 8 ic the dverion with wforence tothe diecton, Gf Ane opplied force, then das 2m (PS) (AR) Hom DAPG, Sind- PE. fa AS PA = TiNd Fham sedior, AR =Td9 Moni, das Wr indrds | = DTP ging de | The chorge ” “dg” on the susrfase” da” is qual 4o normal ene ef polaszdtion musbplied by che surface oa: NRerefore, dQ= Pdd- PRO DA” dq: pease (ontsinedd) nee Gad due 1 40 the chomge, A denoted by dey intheAivection of eld i, dey = dgx cos84! 4th? pease oT sineds-cos8 rr Age 4, vate sinado: Wus the total Gold Gy due to the charges onthe surface ef the couihy & coined by mang ~ foey = & &; (cto snags -t ., fetesineas fer core =t- -sinodes dt 3 sipsdes-dt- anhen ,B=0-54=15 ifr RWSte-1 + {deus f fren ‘ tus Ee fea epay .f (yak . Esl, fly 5) ft f= gw Rerefore ,Ahe totat atemal Sted , GE Gret bat by (or) Lorenta field| Brann equ) 04, me sf a ia ese papvins wh conider the elemental dictecine fioving, cubic studure-Thae ore 0 ions ond permanent dipla in {here materials the tonic polorizabiity 4i ond ewersatonol polorigabi ey a Ore ZeTO LO efi = ol =D fence , poloritadion. p= No + Neefe+£] bOy PaNde4 NotoP Moet see = Natel- ps Beet de Eno Ahok, b= Pi eot P= D-tok- £ sere = &-fot SoC Eo Pe bee r=) —@ Fem quOda@ we Ope. Pe ergte-i) - Nee Cs Bee Ge By . Where, N ig the number of moteuite per untr Volume The chive -velation ts Grown as Clouseius- Mocotdi eauation Using, hk velation , one con clelemine the value of “aig rowing the sone ot ey"‘| Define ‘permeabiliiy & Relative permeatiliy - Prove thas ay = Wx Mognelic permaobibty (le): When a magnelit material is placed ino mogneic {leds it cequives mognditm due te Mdusction. Te meature g chegrte a Wich Ahe Nines gf force con peneterte Into the medium is called “pormenbility of he medturn”. he magne fuss density ® He dhealy proportionat to the magne Aiold — Anvensity(n) Bolt Be UH oD ae B aphere "3" is propolinality MMars and is fnovan OS permenbil “yf ymedium- Henve “Ae permeability it delined ot the Tabyo & magnéhic {ndutiion(@) & Ahe medium tothe magneticing eld lw)" 40 oir npceum magnet pesmeateility, 1 toe UTXIS "Hl, Relative povenentetby (aks): The vrahio of permeability af mediums athe permenbility of, aby tor) yacuun & called “elokive permenbility” diye AW hos no uit + Relation beween Ly and X! We nove +ok , magnebic ere feaion tenseta ‘magnase {luk dency Be doll: (us Hotty] dnd for: Be aT) do 49) = BodnH aby He (Ha) aby = we fe : x|