Information Communication Technology (ICT) and Organizational decision making of

Federal Parastatals in Nigeria

Anikeze Nnaemeka Hillary 1, *, Abonyi Jonas Uchenna 2 and Okafor Ifeoma Cordelia 2
1 Department of Public Administration, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria.
2 Department of Public Administration, Institute of Management Technology Enugu, Nigeria.

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 18(01), 1061–1071

Publication history: Received on 12 March 2023; revised on 21 April 2023; accepted on 24 April 2023

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.18.1.0716

Abstract
The study investigated information communication technology (ICT) and organizational decision making of Federal
Parastatals in Nigeria. Specifically, the study sought to: investigate the relationship between mobile phone
communication technology and organizational decision making; identify the relationship between e-mail
communication technology and organizational decision making and ascertain the relationship between video and web
conferencing communication and organizational decision making. Research design for this study was descriptive
survey. Study area was Enugu. The sample size of 323 respondents was drawn from population 5690 employees from
selected federal Parastatals namely Federal character commission, Federal fire service, Federal housing authority,
National Bureau of statistics. The instrument of data collection was questionnaire. The data analytical techniques were
arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation statistics. The empirical results show that mobile phone
communication has significant relationship with organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria (r-
statistic = 0.761; P-value < Sig-value (0.05); e-mail communication has significant relationship between e-mail
communication with organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria (r-statistic = 0.750; P-value < Sig-
value (0.05) and video and web conferencing communication has significant relationship with organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria (r-statistic = 0.890; P-value < Sig-value (0.05). The study concluded that
information communication technology (ICT) has positive and significant relationship with organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. The study recommended that management of federal parastatals should
increase training of employees in ICT utilization should be adequately carried out hence operational efficiency, quality
service delivery, sustainable competitive advantage and improved performance will be the outmost benefits to be
derived.

Keywords: ICT; Mobile phone communication; E-mail communication; Video and web conferencing communication;
Organizational decision making

1. Introduction
The implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) in public sector organizations is vital for the
socioeconomic development of an economy, especially in developing countries. It has viewed in the global context, as a
means of enhancing quality service delivery, quick decision making and achieving efficiency in public administration
(Nwakoby, Okoye & Chukwurah, 2021). Information Technology (IT) is clearly considered as a key growth area in this
century, specifically, in a dynamic and highly competitive business environment which requires utilizing advanced IT
tools to improve efficiency, cost effectiveness, and deliver high quality products and services to customers (Abdullahi,
Ummi & Bashir, 2019). IT is also considered as a tool of marketing, contacting customers and looking for possible
customers, as well as presenting IT services as distinguished potential services for customers (Akintoye, 2021).


Corresponding author: Okafor Ifeoma Cordelia
Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0.
 World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 18(01), 1061–1071

Organisations are increasingly using information technology to develop solutions to public sector problems, to improve
both the efficiency and effectiveness of the decision-making process, to enhance productivity and service quality, to
achieve dynamic stability, and compete for new markets (Adegboyega, Aderemi, Oladimeji, Bolaji & Adebayo, 2022).
One of the natural steps in the process of decision making that demands time and effort is the quest and collection of
information. The use of ICT decreases the time required to gather information, and it improves access to new
information. ICT tools like e-mail, mobile phones, social networks, video sharing, international television, and online
management information systems provides information needed for organizational decision making much faster than
before. At the same time these tools allow access to much more data than before in such a way that information flows
and interconnectedness are greater in more widespread pattern. This is how ICT enhances the capability of the
administrator to have more information in a faster way, minimizing the constraint of the limited amount of time and
information administrator face when making decisions (Adan & Reuben, 2020).

Besides the progress in time efficiency, there is another important use of ICT in the decision making process: ICT helps
to deal with the challenge of appropriate communication of decisions in organizational settings. Organizational
communication must flow properly in the hierarchical structure, from the top to the bottom, vice versa and laterally. In
this sense, Okeke, (2021) concluded that ICT provides information which had been only traditionally available to one
or few levels to all the organization, achieving more effectiveness in the decentralization of decisions. These processes
require time, but most of all accuracy, which can be improved by allowing subordinates to interact, and have immediate
access to information and decisions made by senior and middle management using ICT.

1.1. Statement of the Problem

The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the implication it portends for enhancing
the administration of the public service, i.e., the agencies involved in providing public goods and services for and on
behalf of a government, constitutes one of the major concerns in many countries and is at the forefront of political debate
(Akintoye, 2021).

Public service of any country is a major pillar in determining the development and stability of such country. Information
and communication technologies has transformed its system of administration and has been viewed in the global
context, as a means for achieving good governance and for enhancing quality service delivery to the public (Teryima &
Ayegba, 2019).

However, in spite of all the efforts aimed at repositioning public sector organizations in Nigeria for effective and efficient
administration through information and communication technology, Nigeria Federal Parastatals remains inefficient in
administration and its quality of services to the public are below expectation. There are still some lapses as regard the
quality of its administrative services, performance of workers, inability to access information and communicate
properly as a result of computer breakdown, poor networks, epileptic power supply, inadequate working facilities, staff
lack of skills and interest to learn and use it, etc. Based on the above defects, the researcher deemed it fit to assess the
relationship between information communication technology (ICT) and organizational decision making of Federal
Parastatals in Nigeria.

Objective of the Study

The main purpose of this study is to investigate information communication technology (ICT) and organizational
decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. Specifically, the study sought to:

 Investigate the relationship between mobile phone communication technology and organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria
 Identify the relationship between e-mail communication technology and organizational decision making of
Federal Parastatals in Nigeria.
 Ascertain the relationship between video and web conferencing communication and organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria.

1.2. Conceptual Review

1.2.1. Information and communication technology

ICT is an umbrella term used to define a collection of telecommunication devices, computer hardware and software.
According to Kessington, Susan and Rocky, (2018) ICT refers to software applications that captures, manipulates and
allows access to information, hardware that helps run installed applications and telecommunication devices and

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networks that facilitate transfer of information within an organization and beyond. Akintoye, (2021) defines
Information Technology (IT) as the area of managing technology and spans a wide variety of areas that include
processes, computer software, information systems, computer hardware, programming languages, and data constructs.
ICT on the other hand refers to a wide range of computerized technologies that enables communication and the
electronic capturing, processing, and transmission of information. These technologies include products and services
such as desktop computers, laptops, hand-held devices, wired or wireless intranet, business productivity software, data
storage and security, network security etc. Teryima and Ayegba, (2019) stated that ICT is a complex and heterogeneous
set of goods, application and services used to produce, distribute, process and transform information. ICT is reliable to
human resources and infrastructure which constitute the fundamental tools and means of assessing, planning,
managing development and for achieving sustainable economic activities and growth.

1.2.2. Mobile phone communication

Mobile phone communication is the use of technology that allows us to communicate with others in different locations
without the use of any physical connection (wires or cables). Mobile communication makes our life easier, and it saves
time and effort. In mobile phone communications, high-frequency electromagnetic fields are used for wireless
transmission of voice and data (Rufus & Akeem, 2017). Employees with mobile phones are available to make and receive
calls wherever they are working. When other employees need important information or a quick decision, they can be
confident of reaching the right person (Nwakoby, Okoye and Chukwurah, 2021). The ability to reach employees at any
time makes an important contribution to customer service. When customers call, they can be confident of reaching their
contact on the first attempt. This enables employees to deal quickly and effectively with inquiries, improving customer
satisfaction. Mobile phones make it possible for employees to collaborate with colleagues and join meetings, even when
they are away from the office (Abdullahi, Ummi & Bashir, 2019). Smartphones have the facility to support
teleconferences or video and Web conferences via the Internet. Mobile users can join project group meetings, sales
conferences or management meetings and contribute as if they were present at the meeting. Mobile collaboration makes
it easier to arrange meetings and maintain the momentum of projects.

1.2.3. E-mail Communication

Nowadays, it is common for people and organizations to work in different geographic locations, communicating via
electronic media for producing projects, generating innovation, tackling complex organizational problems, proposing
new organizational strategies, creating new services, and even managing projects and organizations (Okeke, 2021).
2017). E-mail is an important form of communication when it comes to covering large geographical areas with minimal
growth in physical space, since it enables the virtual implementation of certain operations; moreover, it enables greater
electronic interaction among employees (Olaoye, Olaofe-Obasesin & Akanni, 2019). Email has the advantage of being
sent and received instantly, whether the recipient is a next door or thousands of miles away. Therefore, email
streamlines communication, making it easier and faster to communicate important information and to receive status
updates in real time. In addition, business emails enable businesses to direct their communication to predetermined
audiences. The total number of business and consumer emails sent and received per day worldwide exceeded 293
billion in 2019 and is forecast to grow to over 347 billion by the end of 2023.

1.2.4. Video and Web Conferencing Communication

Web conferencing technology has been incorporated in many organizations in the world due to the benefits associated
with it. Organizations which have adopted it in their operations have to a great deal gained competitive advantage. Video
conferencing is an extremely convenient use of technology that allows users in various locations to hold face-to-face
meetings. (Adegboyega, Aderemi, Oladimeji, Bolaji, & Adebayo, 2022) There are many ways to use video conferencing
technology such as school or college classes, job training and interviews, academic or non-academic research
conferences etc. Internet connectivity is used on the devices when connecting to everyone on the Internet using different
platforms available such as Zoom, Microsoft Team, Google Meet, Cisco WebEx, GoTo Meeting, Skype for Businesses,
ezTalks Meetings, Star Leaf, etc (Adan & Reuben, 2020).

1.2.5. Organizational decision making

A multifaceted subject, decision-making has various definitions. The process of making a decision is not a simple one.
According to Onobrakpeya, Nana and Odus, (2018), “each phase in making a particular decision is itself a complex
decision-making process”. Clarifying the concept of phases, Kessington, Susan and Rocky (2018) suggest that the
process of decision-making is divided into phases, referred to as “problem solving” and “decision-making.” The
“problem solving” phase includes selecting matters that need attention, setting goals, and arriving at and designing
suitable action, while the “decision-making” phase entails evaluating and choosing from alternative actions (Nwakoby,
Okoye & Chukwurah, 2021).

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1.3. Theoretical Literature

1.3.1. Information and Communication Theory

Information and Communication Theory also referred to as information theory is sometimes referred to as the
mathematical theory of communication. Its founder, Claude Shannon, is considered one of the greatest minds of the 20th
century. Information theory is a mathematical theory that quantifies information and utilizes these quantities for
modelling situations and solving optimality problems of communication and information storage. It deals with both
theoretical and practical aspects of data compression and reliable transmission of information over noisy channels. The
data source entropy gives a lower bound for the rate of data compression. Rates for reliable information transmission
is bounded by the capacity of the given channel. The theory also includes a theoretical analysis of secrecy systems.
Information theory has provided much guidance for the design of more reliable systems and has reshaped the
boundaries between what is possible in communication and what is not.

1.3.2. Technology Acceptance Theory (TAT)

The most cited theory was the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Davis (1989) presented a theoretical model aiming
to predict and explain ICT usage behaviour, that is, what causes Potential adopters to accept or reject the use of
information technology. Theoretically, TAM isb based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). In TAM, two theoretical
constructs, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are the fundamental determinants of system use and predict
attitudes toward the use of the system, that is, the user's willingness to use the system. Perceived usefulness refers to
"the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance", and
perceived ease of use refers to "the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free of
effort. Thus, TAT is based on both important perceptive factors as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. TAT
is widely applied on the research of information technology.

1.3.3. Empirical Studies

The study here examined some concluded works of some scholars.

Adegboyega, Aderemi, Oladimeji, Bolaji and Adebayo, (2022) conducted a study to explore the impact of information
and communication technology on Nigeria bottling company’s organisational performance. Specifically, the study
sought to determine impact of cloud computation on organisational performance in Nigeria bottling company and
examine impact of internet access on organisational performance in Nigeria bottling company. The study used a
descriptive survey research design. The sample size of 385 respondents was drawn from population of 3,746 NBC
employees. The data collected was analyzed using multiple regression and correlation analysis. The studies
demonstrated that information and communications technology (ICT) had a substantial impact on NBC’s organisational
performance. Furthermore, with an R2 value of (0.743), internet access has a favorable impact on organisational
performance, and factors statistically significant at the 95 percent confidence level and sig 0.000, there is a substantial
association between cloud computing and organisational performance. The study recommended that there is adequate
evidence to prove that ICT adoption has a substantial impact on NBC’s organizational performance.

Nwakoby, Okoye and Chukwurah, (2021) examined influence of communication technology on administrative efficiency
bomb-sighting Anambra State ministry of information and public enlightenment (2010-2019). The sample size of 232
was taken from population of 1242 staff of the Ministry. Instrument of data collection was structured questionnaire and
method of data analysis was Chi-Square statistical tool. Results showed that information communication technology
plays a significant role in accessing and managing information for timely decision making in the Ministry; that
information communication technology helps in the storage and processing of data relevant for efficient administration
in the Ministry; and that lack of staff with requisite skills is a challenge to the use of information communication
technology for administrative efficiency in the Ministry. The study recommended that training and timely re-training of
staff on information communication technology should be prioritized and encouraged so as to have enough staff with
requisite skills and knowledge on the technical and operational know-how on the use of information communication
technology to perform administrative works efficiently.

Akintoye, (2021) examined the effect of information and communication technology services in the private sector of
Nigeria using a time series data covering 1983 to 2020. The data used for this study are secondary data sourced from
the National Bureau of Statistics. ICT Services contribution to the Nigeria GDP is used as a proxy to ICT Services while
Manufacturing, Trade and the Financial Sector contribution to GDP is used as a proxy for the private sector. The data
were analyzed using Least Square Regression Model while the unit root test was conducted using the Augmented
Dickey- Fuller test (ADF) for stationarity. The result shows that ICT Services in Nigeria do not have a significant effect
on the Nigerian Private Sector. However, it shows a significant effect on the Financial Service sector. It, therefore,

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recommends that other sectors of the Nigerian private sector like manufacturing should be supported through
favourable policies on investment in ICT with less impact on their profit.

Teryima and Ayegba, (2019) conducted a study to explore the role of information communication technology (ICT) in
enhancing productivity in local government administration in Benue State, Nigeria. The specific objective of this study
is to ascertain the effectiveness of the role of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing productivity
in the local government administration, in Benue State, Nigeria. The researcher adopted a quasi-experimental research
design technique. The sample size of 240 staff of selected local government councils was taken from population 1029 of
the study. The data analytical technique was Pearson chi-square test. The findings from the research revealed that
Information Communication Technology (ICT) have played a positive role in areas of computerization of Internal
Accounting, payroll operations, word processing and Budget planning and administration, job costing, scanning
documentation and mapping, decision support, online training/learning, urban planning amongst others in the 23 local
government areas of Benue State, Nigeria. The research recommended that local government administrators should
make further investment in Information Communication Technology (ICT) a top priority as it is proven that it is a
catalyst for development in areas of education, health, secretariat administration, proper financial reward keeping,
politics, governance, culture, business and production.

Abdullahi, Ummi and Bashir, (2019) determined the impact of information communication technology on
organizational productivity in the Nigeria banking industry. Specifically, the study to determine the impact of software
component on organizational productivity, examine the impact hardware component on organizational productivity
and investigate the impact of network on organization productivity. Questionnaire was employed as a method of data
collection of the study, while multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses under study. The result of the
study indicates that hardware component, software component and network have significant and positive impact on
organizational productivity in the Nigeria banking industry. The study recommends that banks should acquire or make
use of modernized and 21th century software, hardware, and network in order to increase organizational productivity
and customer satisfaction which will eventually resulted to diversification of the organization.

2. Methodology
Research design for this study was descriptive survey. Study area was Enugu. The sample size of 323 respondents was
drawn from population 5690 employees from selected federal Parastatals namely Federal character commission,
Federal fire service, Federal housing authority, National Bureau of statistics. The instrument of data collection was
questionnaire. The data analytical techniques were arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation statistics. The
five point Likert Scale was used in analyzing the questionnaire. Any question item that does not have up to 3 or more is
not statistically significant.

3. Result and discussion

Table 1 Comprehensive Demographic distribution of the Respondents

Title Frequency Percentage

Questionnaire Distribution
Questionnaires Distributed 323 100%
Returned Questionnaires 290 89%
Not Returned Questionnaires 33 11%
Gender
Female 164 56.6%
Male 126 43.4%
Age Bracket
20-30 Years 90 31.0%
31-40 Years 126 43.4%
41-50 Years 71 24.5%

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51Years – above 3 1.0%

Marital Status
Married 205 70.7%
Single 58 20.0%
Widow/widower 24 8.3%
Divorce 3 1.0%
Educational Qualification
OND/NCE/HND 54 18.6%
B.sc/B.Ed 236 81.4%
Sources: Field Survey, 2023

Three hundred and twenty-three (323) copies of questionnaire were designed and distributed to the respondents. Out
of the 323 Questionnaires distributed, 290 (89%) were completed and returned while 33 (11%) were not returned.
Therefore, 89 percent respondents were a good representation. The table showed the respondents profile in frequency
and percentage distribution of gender, age bracket, marital status, and educational qualification.

3.1. Data Analysis

Question (1) what is the relationship between mobile phone communication technology and organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria

Table 2 The mean responses of respondents on what is the relationship between mobile phone communication
technology and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria

S/N Question Items SA A 3 DA SD Total Mean SD

4 (%) 2 1
(%) (%) (%)
1 Cell phones for business needs we can have access to 99 119 42 30 290 2.99 0.0287
information about market trend and reduction to 396 357 84 30 867
transportation cost.
34) 41) 14) (10) 100%
2 Mobile phones make it possible for employees to collaborate 120 78 62 30 290 2.99 0.0917
with colleagues and join meetings, even when they are away 480 234 124 30 868
from the office
(41) (27) (21) (10) 100%
3 Cell phones helps in passing quick information to different 123 101 56 10 290 2.91 0.0389
department and employees with mobile phones are available 419 303 112 10 844
to make and receive calls wherever they are working.
(42) 26) (35) (3) 100%
4 Use of phones has made it possible for people to stay 190 50 26 24 290 3.40 0.0528
connected without the worry of time or place. Because it can 760 150 52 24 986
be used to contact anybody any time anywhere.
(66) (17) (8) (8) 100%
5 Use of phone has given access to local as well as international 100 140 26 24 290 3.09 0.0109
level. Social networking sites have brought people even more 400 420 52 24 896
closely.
(34) (48) (8) (8) 100%
Grand Mean 3.08 0.0446

30∗4+42∗3+119∗2+99∗1
Mean Score = =2.010
290

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This table shows that the respondents indicated their option on what is relationship between mobile phone
communication technology and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. The respondents are
in agreement with all the items. The study revealed that mobile phone communication has significant relationship with
organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria since mobile phones make it possible for employees to
collaborate with colleagues and join meetings, even when they are away from the office (Grand mean (3.08) is greater
than cut-off mean (2.5)

Question (2) what is the relationship between e-mail communication and organizational decision making of Federal
Parastatals in Nigeria.

Table 3 Mean responses of respondents on what is the relationship between e-mail communication and organizational
decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria

S/N Question Items SA A 3 DA SD Total Mean SD

4 (%) 2 1
(%) (%) (%)
1 It enables the virtual implementation of certain operations; 101 144 30 15 290 3.14 0.250
moreover, it enables greater electronic interaction among 404 432 60 15 911
employees
(35) (49) (10) (5) 100%
2 It allows sharing great volumes of information with 112 102 40 36 290 3.00 0.293
customers, suppliers and employees very quickly 448 306 80 36 870
(37) (35) (14) (12) 100%
3 E-mail is an important form of communication when it 109 98 45 38 290 2.96 0.2693
comes to covering large geographical areas with minimal 436 294 90 38 858
growth in physical space
(38) (34) (16) 13) 100%

4 Email improves management processes by enhancing inter- 112 98 50 30 290 3.01 0.314
departmental communication, which may significantly 448 294 100 30 872
affect interdepartmental relations
(38) (33) (17) (10) 100%
5 E-mail users are normally assigned to positions/tasks that 114 106 50 40 290 3.15 0.306
depend on someone else to complete the necessary 456 318 100 40 914
responses to fulfill assignments.
(39) (36) (17) (14) 100%
Grand Mean 3.05 0.291

This table shows that the respondents indicated their option on what is the relationship between e-mail communication
and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. The respondents are in agreement with all the
items. The study revealed that e-mail communication has significant relationship between e-mail communication with
organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria since e-mail users are normally assigned to
positions/tasks that depend on someone else to complete the necessary responses to fulfill assignments (grand mean
(3.05) is greater than cut-off Mean (2.5).

Question (3) what is the relationship between video and web conferencing communication and organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria.

The below table shows that the respondents indicated their option on what is the relationship between video and web
conferencing communication and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. The respondents are
in agreement with all the items. The study revealed that video and web conferencing communication has significant
relationship with organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria since It provides participants with
audio, video, and chat space that helps them complete meeting successfully in a proper way (Grand mean (3.06) is
greater than cut-off mean (2.5).

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Table 4 Mean responses of respondents on what is the relationship between video and web conferencing
communication and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria

S/N Question Items SA 4 A3 DA 2 SD 1 Total Mean SD

(%) (%) (%) (%)
1 It allows sharing of presentations, 109 116 30 35 290 3.03 0.427
documents, screens, etc. on a real- 436 348 60 35 879
time basis
(38) (40) (10) (12) 100%
2 Convenient to attend meetings at 111 90 59 30 290 2.97 0.147
any location, including rural or 444 270 118 30 862
remote locations.
(38) 31) (20) (10) 100%
3 It provides a place where two-way 117 98 40 30 290 3.00 0.292
communication with teams or large 468 294 80 30 872
participants is possible.
(32) 33) (14) (10) 100%
4 Reduction in travel costs and travel 114 106 50 40 290 3.15 0.306
to the meeting place. A large number 456 318 100 40 894
of participants can attend the
(39) (36) (17) (14) 100%
meeting so that no physical space is
required to gather in one place.
5 It provides participants with audio, 114 106 50 20 290 3.15 0.562
video, and chat space that helps 456 318 100 20 894
them complete meeting successfully
(52) (41) (17) (6) 100%
in a proper way
Grand Mean 3.06 0.467

3.2. Test of Hypotheses

3.2.1. Test of Hypothesis One: Mobile phone communication has no significant relationship with organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria.
Table 5 Result of Correlation Analysis

Correlations
Mobile Phone Organizational decision
Communication making
Mobile phone Pearson 1 0.761**
communication Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 290 290
Organizational decision Pearson 0.761** 1
making Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 290 290
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

In testing this hypothesis, mobile phone communication was tested relationship with organizational decision making.
The result of the Pearson product correlation analysis showed the model to investigate the relationship between mobile
phone communication technology and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. The empirical
result showed that the Pearson product moment correlation analysis (r) was 0.761. The strength of relationship

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between the two variables was high. However, we rejected the null hypothesis and concluded that mobile phone
communication has significant relationship with organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria.

3.2.2. Test of Hypothesis Two: E-mail communication has no significant relationship with organizational decision making
of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria.
Table 6 Result of Correlation Analysis

Correlations
E-mail Organizational decision
communication making
E-mail communication Pearson 1 0.750**
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 290 290
Organizational decision Pearson 0.750** 1
making Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 290 290
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

In testing this hypothesis, e-mail communication technology was tested relationship with organizational decision
making. The result of the Pearson product correlation analysis showed the model to investigate the relationship
between e-mail communication technology and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. The
empirical result showed that the Pearson product moment correlation analysis (r) was 0.750. The strength of
relationship between the two variables was high. However, we rejected the null hypothesis and concluded that e-mail
communication technology has significant relationship with organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in
Nigeria.

3.2.3. Test of Hypothesis Three: Video and web conferencing communication has no significant relationship with
organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria.
Table 7 Result of Correlation Analysis

Correlations
Video and web conferencing Organizational decision
communication making
Video and web conferencing Pearson 1 0.890
communication Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 290 290
Organizational decision making Pearson 0.890 1
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 290 290

In testing this hypothesis, video and web conferencing communication was tested relationship with organizational
decision making. The result of the Pearson product correlation analysis showed the model to investigate the relationship
between video and web conferencing communication and organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in
Nigeria. The empirical result showed that the Pearson product moment correlation analysis (r) was 0.890. The strength
of relationship between the two variables was high. However, we rejected the null hypothesis and concluded that video

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and web conferencing communication has significant relationship with organizational decision making of Federal
Parastatals in Nigeria.

3.3. Summary of Major Findings

The summary of major findings of the study is stipulated as follows:

 The study revealed that mobile phone communication has significant relationship with organizational decision
making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria since mobile phones make it possible for employees to collaborate
with colleagues and join meetings, even when they are away from the office (r-statistic = 0.761; P-value < Sig-
value (0.05).
 The study revealed that e-mail communication has significant relationship between e-mail communication with
organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria since e-mail users are normally assigned to
positions/tasks that depend on someone else to complete the necessary responses to fulfill assignments (r-
statistic = 0.750; P-value < Sig-value (0.05).
 The study revealed that video and web conferencing communication has significant relationship with
organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria since It provides participants with audio, video,
and chat space that helps them complete meeting successfully in a proper way (r-statistic = 0.890; P-value <
Sig-value (0.05).

4. Conclusion
The study concluded that information communication technology (ICT) has positive and significant relationship with
organizational decision making of Federal Parastatals in Nigeria. It is good for federal parastatals to embrace/adopt
information communication technology because of enormous benefits. These benefits includes; enhanced operational
efficiency, quick organizational decision making, improved performance, improved quality of service delivery resulting
to citizen satisfaction, increase in regional balance growth and to a greater extent will result to enhanced sustainable
competitive advantage. It is therefore important that, problems militating against effective ICT adoption at federal
parastatals ought to be given proper attention to addressing such adverse trends. The problems may include;
inadequate power supply, inadequate awareness of ICT importance, unreliable telecommunication facilities, negative
attitude of the government amongst others.

Recommendations
 Management of federal parastatals should made investment in Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) a top priority hence it is proven that it is a catalyst/accelerator for development service of Federal
character commission, Federal fire service, Federal housing authority, National Bureau of statistics. On this
note, increase training of employees in ICT utilization should be adequately carried out hence operational
efficiency, quality service delivery, sustainable competitive advantage and improved performance will be the
outmost benefits to be derived.
 Government should revive the power sector and provide a stable power supply to enable the ICT system/units
at the federal parastatals viable to facilitate optimal functioning. Alternatively, management of federal
parastatals should make concerted efforts towards acquiring Maikano Generators to be installed at all their ICT
centers to facilitate power generation while they wait for Federal government action as regard steady power
supply.
 Management of federal parastatals should embrace the e-payment systems/transactions in order to enhance
accuracy and reliability. Through this transparency and accountability will be derived in their accounting and
financial systems of operations. Detection of irregularities and fraudulent acts can easily be made if this
mechanism is adopted than the manual payment system in use presently.

Compliance with ethical standards

Acknowledgments
We give all thanks to God Almighty for the academic wisdom.

Disclosure of conflict of interest

No conflict of interest among the authors.

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 World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 18(01), 1061–1071

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