UPSC CSE main 2023 Mathematics Optional Paper-1
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Q1. (a) Let V1 (2, 1,3, 2), V2 (1,1,1, 3), and V3 (1,1,9, 5) be three vectors of the space IR4.
Does (3, 1, 0, 1) span V1,V2 ,V3 ? Justify your answer. (10)
(b) Find the rank and nullity of the linear transformation:
T : IR3 IR3 given by T ( x, y, z ) ( x z, x y 2 z, 2 x y 3z ) (10)
x 1 p cos x q sin x
(c) Find the values of p and q for which lim exists and equals 1.
x 0 x3
1 log x
(d) Examine the convergence of the integral 0 1 x dx . (10)
(e) A variable plane which is at a constant distance 3p from the origin O cuts the axes in the points
A, B, C respectively. Show that the locus of the centroid of the tetrahedron OABC
1 1 1 16
is 9 2 2 2 2 (10)
x y z p
Q2. (a) If the matrix of a linear transformation T : IR3 IR3 relative to the basis
1 1 2
{(1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0,0,1)} is 1 2 1 then find the matrix of T relative to the
0 1 3
basis {(1, 1, 1), (0, 1, 1), (0,0, 1)}. (15)
(b) Evaluate the triple integral which gives the volume of the solid enclosed between the two
paraboloids Z 5( x 2 y 2 ) and Z 6 7 x 2 y 2 . (15)
(c)i. Show that the equation 2 x 2 3 y 2 8 x 6 y 12 z 11 0 represents an elliptic paraboloid.
Also find its principal axis and principal planes. (10)
x y z
(c)ii. The plane 1 meets the coordinate axes in A, B, C respectively. Prove that the
a b c
equation of the cone generated by the lines drawn from the origin O to meet the
b c c a b a
circle ABC is yz zx xy 0 (10)
c b a c a b
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1 0 0
Q3. (a) Let A 1 0 1
0 1 0
(i) Verify the Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix A.
(ii) Show that, An An2 A2 1 for n > 3 where I is the identity matrix of order
3. Hence, find A40. (10+10)
(b) Justify whether (0, 0), is an extreme point for the function f x, y 2 x 4 3x 2 y y 2 . (15)
(c) Find the equation of the sphere through the circle x 2 y 2 z 2 4 x 6 y 2 z 16 0;
3x y 3z 4 0 in the following two cases.
(i) the point (1, 0, -3) lies on the sphere.
(ii) the given circle is a great circle of the sphere. (15)
1 2 1 0
1 3 0 4
Q4. (a) Find the rank of the matrix A by reducing it to row-reduced echelon
2 1 3 2
1 1 1 1
form. (15)
(b) Trace the curve y 2 x 2 1 2 x 1 . (20)
(c) Prove that the locus of a line which meets the lines y mx, z c; y mx, z c and the circle
x 2 y 2 a 2 , z 0 is c 2 m2 (cy mzx)2 c 2 ( yz cmx)2 a 2 m2 ( z 2 c 2 )2 (15)
dy
Q5. (a) Obtain the solution of the initial-value problem 2 xy 2, y (0) 1 in the form
dx
2
y e x 1 erf ( x) . (10)
(b) Given that L f (t ); p F ( p) .
t
f (t ) e e3t
Show that t
dt F ( x)dx . Hence evaluate the integral t dt . (10)
0 0 0
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(c) A cylinder of radius 'a' touches a vertical wall along a generating line. Axis of the cylinder is
fixed horizontally. A uniform flat beam of length ‘l' and weight ‘W’ rests with its
extremities in contact with the wall and the cylinder, making an angle of 45° with
a 5 5
the vertical. If frictional forces are neglected, then show that Also, find
l 4 2
the reactions of the cylinder and wall. (10)
(d) A particle is moving under Simple Harmonic Motion of period T about a centre O. It passes
through the point P with velocity v along the direction OP and OP = p. Find the
time that elapses before the particle returns to the point P. What will be the value
T
of p when the elapsed time is ? (10)
2
(e) If a sin i cos i k
b cos i sin i 3k
c 2i 3i 3k
then find the values of the derivative of the vector function a (b c) w.r.t at
and . (10)
2
Q6. (a) Solve the differential equation:
d3y d2y dy
3
3 2
4 2 y e x cos x . (15)
dx dx dx
(b) When a particle is projected from a point O1 on the sea level with a velocity v and angle of
projection with the horizon in a vertical plane, its horizontal range is R1. If it is
further projected from a point O2, which is vertically above O1 at a height h in the
same vertical plane, with the same velocity v and same angle with the horizon,
its horizontal range is R2. Prove that R2 > R1 and (R2 = R1): R1 is equal to
1 2 gh
1 2 2 1 :1 (15)
2 v sin
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3 y z i 4 z 2 x 2 j z 2 y 2 k .n dS where S is the upper part of the surface
2 2
(c) Evaluate the integral
S
4 x 4 y 4 z 2 1 above the plane z = 0 and bounded by the xy-plane. Hence,
2 2
verify Gauss-Divergence theorem. (20)
dy 2 xy 3
Q7. (a)i. Find the solution of the differential equation: : 2 2 (10)
dx 3x y 8e4 y
(a)ii. Reduce the equation x 2 p 2 y (2 x y ) p y 2 0 to Clairaut's form by the substitution y = u
and xy = v. Hence solve the equation and show that
y + 4x = 0 is a singular solution of the differential equation. (10)
(b) A solid hemisphere is supported by a string fixed to a point on its rim and to a point on a smooth
vertical wall with which the curved surface is in contact. If is the angle of
inclination of the string with vertical and is the angle of inclination of the plane
base of the hemisphere to the vertical, then find the value of (tan -tan ). (15)
(c) If the tangent to a curve makes a constant angle with a fixed line, then prove that the ratio of
radius of torsion to radius of curvature is proportional to tan . Further prove that if
this ratio is constant, then the tangent makes a constant angle with a fixed direction.
(15)
Q8. (a) Solve the following initial value problem by using Laplace transform technique:
d2y dy
2
4 3 y(t ) f (t ) ,
dt dt
y (0) 1, y (0) 0 and f(t), t is a given function of t. (15)
(b) A particle is projected from an apse at a distance c from the centre of force with a velocity
2 3
c and is moving with central acceleration (r 5 c 2 r ) . Find the path of
3
motion of this particle. Will that be the curve x 4 y 4 c 2 ? (20)
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(c) For a scalar point function and vector point function f , prove the identity
f (r )
.( f ) . f (. f ) . Also find the value of . r and then verify stated
r
identity. (15)
Words from Upendra Sir: mindset makers.
from UPSC 2023 Batch playlist, students can get the words where I put emphasis . Category
of questions.
Yes it's a motivation for me too to keep my ways on. no matter I look slow on teaching or
different but yes that's only thing which today motivates me.
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It's only to keep your confidence and faith alive with teaching methodologies I have been
following. I may not be a perfect teacher but I believe I'm a good student who always tries
to find Right Way to Prepare and Systematic Learning.
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