TOPIC 1: DESKTOP COMPUTER

SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT

1.2: Operating Systems, the Purpose and Functions
Figure 1.2.1 : Most operating systems perform similar functions, a variety of which are illustrated above.
OBJECTIVES
➢ Describe the purpose and functions of the operating system

Learning Outcomes
➢ Describe the Desktop Computer Operating System and Six
Basic Functions

Priority Learning Outcomes

➢ Identify and describe chip-based operating system

There are two types of operating systems that you will learned in your computer studies course.

I. Desktop operating system

II. Chip-based operating system

Operating Systems

➢ Is a set of programs that coordinate all the activities among

computer or mobile device hardware.

System Software

➢ Are an operating system and collectively related tools that

consist of the programs that control or maintain the
operations of the computer and its devices
I. Desktop operating system
➢ Sometimes called a stand-alone operating system
▪ Is a complete operating system that works on desktops,
laptops, and some tablets

➢ Also called client operating systems

▪ Because they also work in conjunction with a server
operating system
▪ Client operating systems can operate with or without a
network.
➢ Examples of widely used desktop operating systems are

▪ Windows,
▪ Mac OS,
▪ UNIX and Linux, and
▪ Chrome OS.
Six Basic Functions of Desktop Computer Operating System

a. Processor management
b. Memory management

c. Device management

d. Storage management

e. Application interface
f. User interface
Description of the function of the Desktop Computer Operating Systems

a. Processor management
• Manage tasks – allocate a processor to a task or de-allocate a task
• It keeps track of the processes and processor status

b. Memory management
• controlling and coordinating computer memory

c. Device management
• managing the implementation, operation and maintenance of a
physical and/or virtual device

d. Storage management
• management of computer storage
Cont.…..Description of the function of the Desktop Computer Operating Systems

e. Application interface

• A software that enhances users to communicate with the

operating system and the application software.
• provide interface for users to interact with the applications

f. User interface

• provide interaction between computer devices and

application
Examples of windows operating systems popular today

• Windows XP,

• Windows Vista,

• Windows 7,

• Windows 8,

• Windows 10

• Windows 11
II. Chip-based operating system
➢ Also called a mobile operating system
• The operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics and
resides on firmware

➢ Typically include or support the following

• calendar and contact management,

• text messaging,
• Email,
• touch screens,

• accelerometer (so that you can rotate the display),

• digital cameras,
• media players,

• speech recognition
 • GPS navigation,
• a variety of third-party apps,
• a browser and,
• wireless connectivity
▪ such as cellular, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.

Popular mobile operating systems

a. Android
b. iOS
c. Windows Phone
 The following discuss each of these operating systems

a. Android

• Is an open source, Linux-based mobile operating system

designed by Google for smartphones and tablets

• Features unique to recent versions of the Android operating

system include the following:

▪ Google Play app store provides access to apps, songs, books,

and movies.
▪ Google Drive provides access to email, contacts, calendar,
photos, files, and more
▪ Face recognition or fingerprint scanner can unlock the
device.
▪ Share contacts and other information by touching two
devices together (using NFC technology).
▪ Speech output assists users with vision impairments.

Figure 1.2.2: An Android phone and tablet

 b. iOS
• iOS (originally called iPhone OS), developed by Apple, is a -
proprietary mobile operating system specifically made for
Apple’s mobile devices
• Features unique to recent versions of the iOS operating
system include the following:
▪ Siri, a voice recognition app, enables you to speak instructions or questions to
which it takes actions or responds with speech output.
▪ Apple Pay provides a centralized, secure location for credit and debit cards,
coupons, boarding passes, loyalty cards, and mobile payment accounts.
▪ iCloud enables you to sync mail, calendars, contacts, and other items.
▪ iTunes Store provides access to music, books, podcasts, ringtones, and movies.
▪ Integrates with iPod to play music, video, and other media.
▪ Improves connectivity with other devices running the Mac operating system.
▪ Mac App Store provides access to additional apps and software updates.
Figure 1.2.3: An iOS phone and tablet
 c. Windows Phone
• Windows Phone, developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile operating system that runs on
some smartphones
• Features unique to recent versions of the Windows Phone operating system include the following:
▪ Sync photos, files, and settings with OneDrive
▪ Use your phone as a remote control for your television.
▪ Access a global catalog of music, videos, or podcasts, or listen to iTunes music
▪ Geofencing enables your phone to send or receive notification when you enter or exit a
geographic location.
▪ Windows Phone Store provides access to additional apps and software updates.
▪ Wallet app provides a centralized location for coupons, credit cards, loyalty cards, and
memberships in a single, easily accessible location.

Figure 1.2.4: A Windows Phone.