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GRAITEC INNOVATION Designed by Date
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17 Burospace 91572 Bièvres Revision A Drawing T

Reinforced concrete beam

Table of Contents

1 Geometry description.............................................................................................................. 2
2 Loads and combinations......................................................................................................... 2
3 Global assumptions................................................................................................................. 3
3.1 Localization...................................................................................................................................3
3.2 Materials........................................................................................................................................3
4 Fire resistance minimum conditions...................................................................................... 4
5 Internal forces......................................................................................................................... 4
5.1 Envelope of ULS combinations....................................................................................................5
5.2 Envelope of SLS combinations.....................................................................................................6
6 Longitudinal reinforcement................................................................................................... 6
6.1 Detailed calculation.......................................................................................................................7
7 Transversal reinforcement................................................................................................... 11
7.1 Transversal reinforcement global assumptions...........................................................................11
7.2 Detailed calculation.....................................................................................................................13
7.3 Minimal constructive dispositions..............................................................................................13
8 Stresses verification............................................................................................................... 13
8.1 Envelope of SLS combinations...................................................................................................14
9 Crack width check................................................................................................................. 15
10 Anchorage calculation.......................................................................................................... 16
11 Support strut verification..................................................................................................... 16
11.1 Support strut stresses verification...............................................................................................17
11.2 Sliding reinforcement verification..............................................................................................17
12 Support reactions.................................................................................................................. 18
13 Deflections.............................................................................................................................. 18
13.1 Detailed calculation.....................................................................................................................18
14 Bill of materials..................................................................................................................... 20
15 Warnings and error messages.............................................................................................. 20

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1 Geometry description

Span: 1
Length
Width of the beam web
Total height of the beam
Width of the left support
Width of the right support

2 Loads and combinations

Load cases description

ID Title
1 D
2 L
3 W

Combinations description
ID Combination Code Type
101 1.40x[1 D] ACULS ULS
102 1.25x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L] ACULS ULS
103 1.25x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L]+0.40x[3 W] ACULS ULS
104 0.90x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L] ACULS ULS
105 0.90x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L]+0.40x[3 W] ACULS ULS

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Combinations description
ID Combination Code Type
106 1.25x[1 D]+1.40x[3 W] ACULS ULS
107 1.25x[1 D]+1.40x[3 W]+0.50x[2 L] ACULS ULS
108 0.90x[1 D]+1.40x[3 W] ACULS ULS
109 0.90x[1 D]+1.40x[3 W]+0.50x[2 L] ACULS ULS
110 1.00x[2 L] ACSLS SLS
111 1.00x[2 L]+0.30x[3 W] ACSLS SLS
112 0.75x[3 W] ACSLS SLS
113 0.75x[3 W]+0.50x[2 L] ACSLS SLS
114 1.00x[1 D] ACSLS SLS
115 1.00x[1 D]+1.00x[2 L] ACSLS SLS
116 1.00x[1 D]+1.00x[2 L]+0.30x[3 W] ACSLS SLS
117 1.00x[1 D]+0.75x[3 W] ACSLS SLS
118 1.00x[1 D]+0.75x[3 W]+0.50x[2 L] ACSLS SLS

3 Global assumptions
Concrete design calculation: A23.3-19.
Loadings and combinations: NBC 2015.

3.1 Localization

Localization Canada
Element type Standard Beam
Element ID 3
Position Beam 1, Level 1
Drawing T
Level 0 mm
Coordinates X₁ = 0 mm; Y₁ = 0 mm; Z₁ = 0 mm
X₂ = 10000 mm; Y₂ = 0 mm; Z₂ = 0 mm

3.2 Materials
Concrete quality Span 1 Concrete class: Con030
(A23.3-19, Chapter 3) Characteristic strength:

Modulus of elasticity, according to 8.6.2.2

Modification factor, according to Table 19.2.4.2:

Concrete ultimate strain:

Density:

Safety coefficient:

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Steel quality Span 1 Logitudinal steel class: Grade 500R

(A23.3-19, Chapter 3) Transversal steel class: Grade 500R
Characteristic strength:

Modulus of elasticity, according to 20.2.2.2

Horizontal plastic branch

Safety coefficient:

Concrete Covers
Top Bottom Lateral
Span Effective Minimum Effective Minimum Effective Minimum
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 30 30 30 30 30 30

4 Fire resistance minimum conditions

Fire resistance class R0

5 Internal forces

Synthetic values table

In the table below, data corresponding to the ULS and SLS envelopes is displayed.

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Span - Section Abscissa Face

(mm) (N⋅mm) (N⋅mm) (N) (N⋅mm)
1 - Left support 0 Top - - 426473.9 0
265386244.4 179118636.1
Bottom 0 5875989.7 0 0
1 - Right support 9650 Top - - 0 0
270233466.5 182754052.6
Bottom 0 0 -427300.9 0
1 - MInf 4825 Top 0 -1606275.8 0 0
Bottom 764018040.1 527936041.5 -2894.7 0
1 - VMax 9650 Top - - 0 0
270233466.5 182754052.6
Bottom 0 0 -427300.9 0
1 - wk Max 4825 Top 0 -1606275.8 0 0
Bottom 764018040.1 527936041.5 -2894.7 0
1 - Max Concrete Stress 4825 Top 0 -1606275.8 0 0
Bottom 764018040.1 527936041.5 -2894.7 0
1 - Max Steel Stress 4825 Top 0 -1606275.8 0 0
Bottom 764018040.1 527936041.5 -2894.7 0
1 - Max Deflection 4825 Top 0 -1606275.8 0 0
Bottom 764018040.1 527936041.5 -2894.7 0
: ULS design bending moment
: SLS design bending moment.
: ULS design shear force
: ULS design torsion moment
5.1 Envelope of ULS combinations

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5.2 Envelope of SLS combinations

6 Longitudinal reinforcement
Ratio of rectangular to parabolic
compression block stress (Eq. 10.1)
Ratio of depth of rectangular
compression block to depth to the
neutral axis (Eq. 10.2)

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Reinforcement is calculated considering a design bending moment which is different than the bending
moment from actions, according to article 9.2.1.3, figure 9.2, from EN1992-1-1.
Longitudinal reinforcement
Position Bending moments Reinforcement
Span - Section Abscissa Comb Face WR Theo Real Min
(mm) (N⋅mm (N⋅mm (mm²) (mm²) (mm²)
) )
1 - Left support 0 102 Top - - 73.52 % 979 1600 498
26538623609546
44.4 85.9
1 - Right support 9650 103 Top - - 74.87 % 999 1600 498
27023343609546
66.5 85.9
1 - MInf 4825 102 Bottom 76401807768747 98.35 % 3916 4000 498
40.1 43.5

Real longitudinal reinforcement

Span Position Family Reinforcement
Bottom 1 4 × 25M + 4 × 25M (4000 mm²)
1
Top 1 4 × 15M (800 mm²)

Real longitudinal reinforcement over supports

Support Family Reinforcement
1 1 4 × 15M (800 mm²)
2 1 4 × 15M (800 mm²)
The value of the effective height (d) is defined automatically according to the real reinforcement in place.

6.1 Detailed calculation

Span 3.1 Linear, Section MInf, Abscissa 4825 mm, (Bottom bars)
Combination ULS 102 : 1.25x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L]
Design bending moment
Dimensions of the section

Eccentricity

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Composed bending moment of the

reinforcement in tension

Reduced moment value

Limit value of relative neutral axis

position
Limit value of reduced moment

Compressed reinforcement is necessary

Inner lever arm

Strain in the compressed reinforcement

Compressed reinforcement does not

yield
Limit value of bending moment

Compressed reinforcement

Compressed reinforcement

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Top reinforcement area

Bottom reinforcement area

The minimum longitudinal reinforcement area in the beam is defined by the article 10.5.1.2, Eq. 10-4.

Bending moment resistance

Bending moment verification
Work Ratio 98.35 % (Passed)
Span 3.1 Linear, Section Right support, Abscissa 9650 mm, (Top
bars)
Combination ULS 103 : 1.25x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L]+0.40x[3 W]
Design bending moment
Dimensions of the section

Eccentricity

Composed bending moment of the

reinforcement in tension

Reduced moment value

Limit value of relative neutral axis

position
Limit value of reduced moment

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Compressed reinforcement is not

necessary

Height of compressed concrete

Area of tensioned reinforcement

Top reinforcement area

Bottom reinforcement area

The minimum longitudinal reinforcement area in the beam is defined by the article 10.5.1.2, Eq. 10-4.

Bending moment resistance

Bending moment verification
Work Ratio 74.87 % (Passed)
Span 3.1 Linear, Section Left support, Abscissa 0 mm, (Top bars)
Combination ULS 102 : 1.25x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L]
Design bending moment
Dimensions of the section

Eccentricity

Composed bending moment of the

reinforcement in tension

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Reduced moment value

Limit value of relative neutral axis

position
Limit value of reduced moment

Compressed reinforcement is not

necessary

Height of compressed concrete

Area of tensioned reinforcement

Top reinforcement area

Bottom reinforcement area

The minimum longitudinal reinforcement area in the beam is defined by the article 10.5.1.2, Eq. 10-4.

Bending moment resistance

Bending moment verification
Work Ratio 73.52 % (Passed)

7 Transversal reinforcement

7.1 Transversal reinforcement global assumptions

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The transversal reinforcement calculation is done according chapter 11 of A23.3-19.

No direct transmission for shear force.
Calculation is done according to elementary length z(cot Ɵ) according to 4.1.2.3.5.2 from NTC 2018.

Transversal reinforcement
Span - Section Abscissa Comb d
(mm) (N) (mm) (N) (N) (mm²/m)
1 - VMax 9650 103 0 581 87530.7 892198. 1053 230 1333
1

Real transversal reinforcement

Span Pack Reinforcement
1 15 × 10M / 300 mm
2 1 × 10M / 170 mm
1
3 1 × 10M / 180 mm
4 15 × 10M / 300 mm

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7.2 Detailed calculation

The shear verification and dimensioning of the shear reinforcement is done according article 11.3 of A23.3-
19
Span 3.1 Linear, Section VMax, Abscissa 9650 mm
Combination 103 : 1.25x[1 D]+1.50x[2 L]+0.40x[3 W]
Strut angle
Usefull height
Design shear force
Shear force resistance
Concrete shear resistance, (A23-3,
11.3.4, Eq. 11.6)

Effective shear depth

Shear resistance of cracked concrete

coefficient (11.3.6.3 (a))
Maximum shear resistance (A23-
3,11.3.3, Eq. 11-5)

Concrete cross section satisfies the

crushing condition
Required transversal reinforcement

Minimum transversal reinforcement

area (A23-3, 11.2.8.2, Eq. 11.1)

Transversal reinforcement area

7.3 Minimal constructive dispositions

The minimal transversal reinforcement is defined according A23.3-19, 11.2.8.2.
The maximum spacing is calculated according A23.3-19, 21.3.1.4.2.
Maximum spacing at the ends of the
beam

Maximum spacing throughout the

length of the beam

8 Stresses verification

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8.1 Envelope of SLS combinations

Concrete compressive stress

Reinforcement tension stress

Synthetic values table

In the table below, data corresponding to the SLS envelopes is displayed.

Stresses verification
Span - Section Abscissa Envelope Stresses (MPa)
Type
(mm) WR WR
1 - Max Concrete Stress 4825 SLS 8.11 26.8 170.77 % 200.6 47.21 %
1 - Max Steel Stress 4825 SLS 8.11 26.8 170.77 % 200.6 47.21 %

Span 3.1 Linear, Section Max Steel Stress, Abscissa 4825 mm

Combination Envelope of SLS combinations
Span 3.1 Linear, Section Max Concrete Stress, Abscissa 4825 mm

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Combination Envelope of SLS combinations

SLS bending moment
Tensioned reinforcement area
Compressed reinforcement area
Equivalence coefficient for long term
loads
Height of compressed concrete
The moment of inertia

Reinforcement tension stress

Reinforcement compression stress

Concrete compression stress

Concrete tension stress

9 Crack width check

In the table below, data corresponding to the SLS envelopes is displayed.

Crack width verification

Span - Section Abscissa Section WR
(mm) Position (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 - wk Max 4825 Bottom 0 0.26 256.9 0.26 0.4 65.01 %
The crack opening calculation is done according ACI 318.
Span 3.1 Linear, Section wk Max, Abscissa 4825 mm, Position:
bottom
Combination Envelope of SLS combinations

Effective tension area, surrounding the

tension reinforcement

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Constraint value

Ratio between the strains at the bottom

of the member and at the level of
reinforcement
Cracking width

Cracking width verification

65.01 % (Passed)
Z Factor(A23.3-19 Equation 10.6)

Z Factor Allowed
Z Factor verification
64.05 % (Passed)
Maximum spacing of reinforcement
closest to concrete surface in tension

10 Anchorage calculation

Anchorage calculation
Bar Position
mark
(MPa) (MPa) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 Start 30 500 201.6 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.2 288.6
End 30 500 201.6 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.2 289.1
2 Start 30 500 300 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 25.2 562.9
End 30 500 300 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 25.2 562.1
3 Start 30 500 150 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 182.6
End 30 500 300 1 1.00 1.00 0.80 16 300
4 Start 30 500 300 1 1.00 1.00 0.80 16 300
End 30 500 150 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 182.6

11 Support strut verification

The support strut verification and dimensioning of the sliding reinforcement is done according article 11.4
of A23.3-19.
In the table below, data corresponding to the ULS envelopes is displayed.

Support strut verification

Span Sliding reinforcement Support strut stress
ID Position Real Minimum θ Work Status
(mm²) (mm²) (°) (MPa) (MPa) Ratio
1 Left 2000 1003 42 6.2 19.1 32.36 % Passed

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Support strut verification

Span Sliding reinforcement Support strut stress
ID Position Real Minimum θ Work Status
(mm²) (mm²) (°) (MPa) (MPa) Ratio
Right 2000 1005 0 19.1 32.42 % Passed
11.1 Support strut stresses verification
Span 3.1 Linear, Section Left support, Abscissa 0 mm
Envelope ULS
Stresses verification
Maximum stress which can be applied at the
edges of the node (23.4.3)
Effective support stress

Support reaction
Compressed strut width
Distance from beam bottom edge to bottom
bars on support axis
Effective width of support
Inclination angle
Stresses verification
32.36 % (Passed)
Span 3.1 Linear, Section Right support, Abscissa 9650 mm
Envelope ULS
Stresses verification
Maximum stress which can be applied at the
edges of the node (23.4.3)
Effective support stress

Support reaction
Compressed strut width
Distance from beam bottom edge to bottom
bars on support axis
Effective width of support
Inclination angle
Stresses verification
32.42 % (Passed)

11.2 Sliding reinforcement verification

Span 3.1 Linear, Section Left support, Abscissa 0 mm
Envelope ULS
Reinforcement verification
Bottom longitudinal reinforcement which is
anchored in support verification
Tensile force to be anchored in support
Reinforcement verification

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199.31 % (Passed)
Additional sliding reinforcement not needed
Span 3.1 Linear, Section Right support, Abscissa 9650 mm
Envelope ULS
Reinforcement verification
Bottom longitudinal reinforcement which is
anchored in support verification
Tensile force to be anchored in support
Reinforcement verification
198.92 % (Passed)
Additional sliding reinforcement not needed

12 Support reactions

Fz (N)
Load case / combination Supp. My (N⋅mm)
Normal Uplift
1 -53553.5 0 -22339547.5
1 D
2 -53553.5 0 22339547.5
1 -250000 0 -208608047.3
2 L
2 -250000 0 208608047.3
1 0 2067.6 6324505.8
3 W
2 -2067.6 0 12479891.7
1 -441941.8 2894.7 -329361419.8
Max(ULS)
2 -442768.9 0 345828461.9
1 -303553.5 1550.7 -224800227.5
Max(SLS)
2 -304173.7 0 234691562.3

13 Deflections

13.1 Detailed calculation

The deflection verification is done according article 9.8 of A23.3-19.
Span 3.1 Linear, Section Max Deflection, Abscissa 4825 mm
Inertia of cracked section
Inertia of gross section, without
reinforcement
Cracking moment 9.8.2.3, Eq.9.2

Distance between the section center of

gravity and the tensioned face

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Instantaneous or Short-Term Dead Load Deflection

Bending moment
Effective moment of inertia 9.8.2.3,
Eq.9.1

Elastic deflection

Instantaneous or Short-Term Deflection for Dead + Full Live Load

Bending moment
Effective moment of inertia 9.8.2.3,
Eq.9.1

Elastic deflection

Short-Term Dead Load Deflection + Sustained part of Live Load

Bending moment
Effective moment of inertia 9.8.2.3,
Eq.9.1

Elastic deflection

Initial deflection for Full Live Load

Deflection limit for Full Live Load
(Table 9.3)

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84.47 % (Passed)
Initial deflection for 30 % of Live Load

Long term deflection multiplier

(9.8.2.5, Eq. 9.5)

Total long term deflection

Total long term deflection limit Table

9.3

107.43 % (Failed)

14 Bill of materials

Formwork dimensions summary

Span L r b
(mm) (mm) (mm)
3.1 Linear 10350 650 350

Reinforcement summary
Diameter Length Weight
No10M 115764 mm 90.87 kg
No15M 55393 mm 86.97 kg
No25M 69921 mm 274.44 kg

Beam Concrete Formwork Steel Reinf. Ratio

Level 1 Quantity Price Quantity Price Quantity Price
(mm³) (CAD) (mm²) (CAD) (kg) (CAD) (kg/m³)
3.1 Linear 2354625000 0 15922500 0 452.28 0 192
Total 2354625000 0 15922500 0 452.28 0 192
Total price 0 CAD

Average Diameter: 17.4 mm

15 Warnings and error messages

Warnings and errors

Type Element Message Value Limit
3.1 Deflection exceeded
e 45 mm 42 mm
Linear
3.1 Concrete stresses (ELS) exceeded
e 26.8 MPa 19.5 MPa
Linear
3.1 Bad assessment of effective height
e 581 mm 566 mm
Linear

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