Year 11 General Maths Exam Revision ANSWERS

1. Aimee runs a study on penguins, where she recorded the fluffiness of the penguin’s feathers
and the number of eggs that penguin was able to hatch over the course of the penguin’s life.
She collects the following data:

Fluffiness index Number of eggs hatched

43 6
49 5
21 3
97 16
86 14
23 4
75 10
70 8
39 4
89 14
61 8

a. Identify the variables in Aimee’s study, and label them as explanatory or response
variables.
Explanatory variable: Fluffiness index
Response variable: Number of eggs hatched

b. Draw a scatterplot of the data

 c. Describe the association between the fluffiness index and the number of eggs
hatched in terms of strength, direction and form.
Strong, positive and linear

d. Write the equation of the least squares regression line formed by the variables
fluffiness index and number of eggs hatched. Round figures to three significant
figures.
Number of eggs hatched=−1.48+0.166 × fluffiness index
e. Write the value of the correlation coefficient rounded to 4 decimal places, and
interpret in terms of assessing the strength of the association.
r =9574 The strength of the association is strong

f. Draw the least squares regression line onto your scatterplot.

Completed on graph

g. Interpret the slope.

The number of eggs hatched increases by 0.166 eggs for every increase of 1 on the
fluffiness index.

h. Interpret the intercept.

The number of eggs hatched is -1.48 when the fluffiness index is 0. This does not
make sense in the context of the question.

i. Predict the number of eggs a penguin with a fluffiness index of 50 would successfully
hatch. Round your answer to 1 decimal place.
Number of eggs hatched=−1.48+0.166 ×50 Number of eggs hatched=6.8
j. Comment on the reliability of your prediction in part i.
The prediction is reliable as it is an example of interpolation.

k. Predict the number of eggs a penguin with a fluffiness index of 200 would
successfully hatch.
Number of eggs hatched=−1.48+0.166 ×20 Number of eggs hatched=31.7
l. Comment on the reliability of your prediction in part k.
The prediction is unreliable as it is an example of extrapolation.

m. Predict the fluffiness index of a penguin that successfully hatches 12 eggs. Round to
the nearest whole number.
solve ( 12=−1.48+0.166 × f , f ) f =81
2. For the connected planar graphs below, determine the unknown value.
a. 8 faces and 18 edges
f +v−e=28+ v−18=2−10+ v=2v=8
b. 2 faces and 10 vertices
f +v−e=22+10−e=212−e=2e=10
c. 42 vertices and 100 edges
f +v−e=2f +42−100=2f −58=2f =60
3. Write the number of faces for the following graphs:
a.

6 faces
b.

3 faces
c.

4 faces

4. Identify the walk in each of the following as a trail, path, circuit or walk only.
a.

Path
b.

trail
c.

path
d.

walk
e.

trail
 f.

path

5. Identify whether each graph below has an Eulerian circuit, and Eulerian trail, both or neither.
If an Eulerian trail or circuit exists, name the route.
a.

Euler trail
A–B–E–D–B–C–D–A–E

b.

Neither

c.

Eulerian circuit
E–F–D–E–A–B–D–C–B–E
6. The following graph shows the roads linking 9 Victorian country towns.

a. Explain, using evidence, on why an Eulerian trail exists, but an Eulerian circuit does
not.
There are 2 odd vertices, so an Eulerian trail exists but an Eulerian circuit does not
exist.

b. At which towns would the Eulerian trail have to start and finish?
Wickliffe or Lake Bolac

c. Write a route for a Hamiltonian cycle.

Multiple possible correct answers. One could be:
Hexham  Mortlake  Woorndoo  Nerrin Nerrin  Streatham  Lake Bolac 
Wickliffe  Glenthompson  Chatsworth  Hexham

7. On the graph below, the vertices represent the locations of 8 watchtowers posted around a
keep. Each edge is a pathway along a wall that connects each tower. Guards at the keep must
walk along every pathway without walking over the same pathway more than once. They
must also start and end at tower A.
 a. What is the technical name for this type of walk?
Eulerian circuit.

b. Explain why it is not possible to do this type of walk.

All of the 8 vertices are odd. They would need to all be even to make the Eulerian
circuit possible.

c. What is the minimum number of pathways you would need to insert to make it
possible to do this type of walk?
4

d. Draw a spanning tree for this graph

Multiple potential correct answers. Check with your teacher.

8. Find the minimum spanning trees and their associated weights for the following graphs
a.

Answer:
 b.

Answer:

9. In the network below, the vertices represent water tanks on a large property and the edges
represent pipes used to move water between these tanks. The number on each edge
indicate the lengths of pipes (in m) connecting different tanks.

Determine the shortest length of pipe needed to connect all water storages
Answer: 490m
 10. The length of the minimum spanning tree for the graph below is 124, and includes a and b .

The values of a and b could be:

a. a=6 and b=17

b. a=12 and b=12
c. a=10 and b=14
d. a=10 and b=15
e. a=13 and b=12

11. Aimee drives to work each day. The edges of the network opposite represent the roads that
Aimee can use to drive to work. The numbers on the edges give the time, in minutes, to
travel along each road. What is the shortest time that Aimee can drive between home ( A )

and work ( H )? Use Djikstra’s algorithm to find the shortest time and pathway😊

B C D E F G H

A 124 X 125 X X X X

B 124 219 125 X 271 X X

D 124 199 125 192 271 X X

E 124 199 125 192 267 270 X

C 124 199 125 192 267 270 X

F 124 199 125 192 267 270 385

G 124 199 125 192 267 270 385

The shortest time is 385 minutes and requires Aimee to drive along the route:
ADEFH
12. For the previous question, fill out the adjacency matrix showing whether each town is
connected to each other. Do not write the times into the matrix.

A=A B C D E F G H ¿

[ ]
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 A
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 B
0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 C
1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 D
A=A B C D E F G H ¿
0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 E
0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 F
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 G
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 H

13. Using the graph from question 11, how many edges would be drawn onto a spanning
tree?
7

14. Possum Jenkins decides to invest his scratchie winnings of $25000 into a dodgy credit
union investment firm that guarantees him 8.75% p.a. simple interest.

a. Calculate the amount of interest he earns in one year

8.75
× 25000=2187.5 He earns $ 2187.50 in one year
100

b. Write a recurrence relation using V 0 , V n and V n +1 to represent the value of

Possum’s investment after n years.
V 0=25000V n+1=V n +2187.5
c. Use recursive calculations to show the value of the investment after 1, 2 and
3 years.
V 1=25000+ 2187.5=27187.5V 2=27187.5+ 2187.5=29375
V 3=29375+ 2187.5=31562.5
d. Write a rule to represent the value of the investment, V n, after n months.
V n=25000+2187.5 n
e. Possum decides to give the entirety of his winnings and the interest to his
newly born baby daughter Aimee. Calculate the value of the investment after
18 years.
V 18=25000+ 2187.5× 18V 18=64375
f. Aimee grows up to be quite shrewd. She decides to access the money only
after it is worth $70 000. How many years in total will that be?
 solve ( 70000=25000+2187.5 × n , n )n=20.57 …It will take a total of 21 years
for the value to reach $70000

15. After Aimee gets her money, she takes $50 000 of it and invests it at a legitimate
bank that pays 4.5% p.a. compound interest, compounding monthly.
a. Calculate R
4.5
R=1+ R=1.00375
12 ×100
b. Write a recurrence relation using A0 , An and An +1 to represent the value of
Aimee’s account after n months.
A0 =50000 A n+1=1.00375 A n
c. Write a rule using An to represent the value of Aimee’s account after n
months.
n
An =1.00375 × 50000
d. Calculate the value of Aimee’s account after 1 year.
A12=1.00375 ×50000 A12=52296.99
12

e. Calculate the amount of interest earned after 1 year.

interest =52296.99−50000interest =2296.99
f. Calculate the number of weeks it will take for her account to increase to $100
000.
solve ( 100000=1.00375 ×50000 , n ) n=185.186 …It will take 186 months to
n

save up $100 000

16. Some rabbits break into a salamander sanctuary and begin breeding. The number of
rabbits in the sanctuary can be modelled by the recursion relation below, where Rn
represents the number of rabbits after n months.

R0 =5 R n+1=4.3 R n
a. How many rabbits initially broke into the sanctuary?
5

b. Calculate the number of rabbits in the sanctuary after 6 months.

R6 =4.3 ×5 R6 =31606.82 …There are 31607 rabbits after 6 months
6

c. How many months will it take for the population of rabbits to reach 1 million?
solve ( 1000000=4.3n ×5 , n )n=8.37 …It will take 9 months for the number of
rabbits to reach 1 million
17. Find the common difference for the following sequences:
a. 3 , 9 , 15 ,21 , 27 …
6
b. 10 , 4.5 ,−1,−6.5 …
-5.5

18. Find the common ratio for the following sequences:

a. 9 , 18 , 36 ,72 …
2
b. 12 , 26.4 , 58.08 ,127.776 …
2.2

19. Draw a graph for the following sequence:

n 0 1 2 3 4
tn 64 32 16 8 4
 20. Aimee is then going to take the $100 000 and purchase equipment that can be used
to make lollies, with the intention of this being her latest side hustle. Her financial
advisor presents her with three options she can choose to have her equipment
depreciate by.

Option 1: Flat rate depreciation at a rate of 5.6% p.a.

Option 2: Reducing balance depreciation at a rate of 5.4% p.a.
Option 3: Unit cost depreciation at a rate of $15 per 100 jars of lollies made, and the
average number of jars made per year is 40000

Calculate the value of the equipment after 15 years for each depreciation option, and
use this to make a recommendation for which option Aimee should employ.
Option 1
5.6
D= × 100000 D=5600 V n=100000−5600 nV 15=100000−5600 ×15V 15=16000 Option 2
100
5.4
R=1− R=0.946 V n=0.946n ×100000V 15=0.946 15 ×100000 V 15=43487.76 Option 3
100
40000 ÷ 100=400400 × 15=6000 V n=100000−6000 nV 15=100000−6000 ×15
V 15=100000−90000V 15=10000
Aimee should take option2 as the equipment will have the highest value after 15 years