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Designation: A706/A706M − 22

Standard Specification for

Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A706/A706M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 1.7 The text of this specification references notes and

1.1 General—This specification covers deformed and plain footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and
low-alloy steel bars in cut lengths and coils for concrete footnotes, excluding those in tables, shall not be considered as
reinforcement intended for applications where restrictive me- requirements of this specification.
chanical properties and chemical composition are required for 1.8 This specification is applicable for orders in either
compatibility with controlled tensile property applications or to inch-pound units (Specification A706) or in SI units [Specifi-
enhance weldability. The standard sizes and dimensions of cation A706M].
deformed bars and their number designations are given in 1.9 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
Table 1. are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
1.2 Grade—Bars are of two minimum yield strength levels: SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
iTeh Standards
namely, 60 000 psi [420 MPa] and 80 000 psi [550 MPa],
designated as Grade 60 [420] and Grade 80 [550], respectively.
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values

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1.3 Plain bars, in sizes up to and including 21⁄2 in. [63.5 mm]
in diameter in coils or cut lengths, when ordered, shall be
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with this
specification.

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furnished under this specification. For ductility properties 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(elongation and bending), test provisions of the nearest smaller safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
nominal diameter deformed bar size shall apply. Requirements responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
providing for deformations and marking shall not be appli- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
cable. ASTM A706/A706M-22
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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1.4 Controlled Tensile Properties—This specification limits 1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
tensile properties (Table 2) to provide the desired yield/tensile dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
properties for controlled tensile property applications. ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.5 Welding—This specification limits chemical composi-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
tion (6.2) and carbon equivalent (6.4) to enhance the weldabil-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ity of the material. When this steel is to be welded, a welding
procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended
2. Referenced Documents
use or service should be used. The use of the latest edition of
AWS D1.4 ⁄D1.4M is recommended. The AWS D1.4/D1.4M 2.1 ASTM Standards:2
Welding Code describes the proper selection of the filler A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled
metals, preheat/interpass temperatures, as well as, performance Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
and procedure qualification requirements. A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
1.6 Requirements for alternate bar sizes are presented in
A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for
Annex A1. The requirements in Annex A1 only apply when
Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and
specified by the purchaser (see 4.2.5).
Alloy Steel
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2022. Published July 2022. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A706/A706M – 16. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/A0706_A0706M-22. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 A706/A706M − 22
TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights [Masses], Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements
Bar Nominal DimensionsA Deformation Requirements, in. [mm]
Nominal Weight, lb/ft
Desig- Maximum Gap
[Nominal Mass, Diameter, Cross-Sectional Area Perimeter, Maximum Average Minimum Average
nation (Chord of 12.5 % of
kg/m] in. [mm] in.2 [mm2] in. [mm] Spacing Height
No. Nominal Perimeter)
3 [10] 0.376 [ 0.560] 0.375 [ 9.5] 0.11 [ 71] 1.178 [ 29.9] 0.262 [ 6.7] 0.015 [0.38] 0.143 [ 3.6]
4 [13] 0.668 [ 0.994] 0.500 [12.7] 0.20 [ 129] 1.571 [ 39.9] 0.350 [ 8.9] 0.020 [0.51] 0.191 [ 4.9]
5 [16] 1.043 [ 1.552] 0.625 [15.9] 0.31 [ 199] 1.963 [ 49.9] 0.437 [11.1] 0.028 [0.71] 0.239 [ 6.1]
6 [19] 1.502 [ 2.235] 0.750 [19.1] 0.44 [ 284] 2.356 [ 59.8] 0.525 [13.3] 0.038 [0.97] 0.286 [ 7.3]
7 [22] 2.044 [ 3.042] 0.875 [22.2] 0.60 [ 387] 2.749 [ 69.8] 0.612 [15.5] 0.044 [1.12] 0.334 [ 8.5]
8 [25] 2.670 [ 3.973] 1.000 [25.4] 0.79 [ 510] 3.142 [ 79.8] 0.700 [17.8] 0.050 [1.27] 0.383 [ 9.7]
9 [29] 3.400 [ 5.060] 1.128 [28.7] 1.00 [ 645] 3.544 [ 90.0] 0.790 [20.1] 0.056 [1.42] 0.431 [10.9]
10 [32] 4.303 [ 6.404] 1.270 [32.3] 1.27 [ 819] 3.990 [101.3] 0.889 [22.6] 0.064 [1.63] 0.487 [12.4]
11 [36] 5.313 [ 7.907] 1.410 [35.8] 1.56 [1006] 4.430 [112.5] 0.987 [25.1] 0.071 [1.80] 0.540 [13.7]
14 [43] 7.65 [11.38] 1.693 [43.0] 2.25 [1452] 5.32 [135.1] 1.185 [30.1] 0.085 [2.16] 0.648 [16.5]
18 [57] 13.60 [20.24] 2.257 [57.3] 4.00 [2581] 7.09 [180.1] 1.58 [40.1] 0.102 [2.59] 0.864 [21.9]
A
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight [mass] per foot [metre] as the deformed bar.

TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements 3.1.2.1 Discussion—The surface of the bar is provided with
Grade 60 [420] Grade 80 [550] lugs or protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of the
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 80 000 [550]A 100 000 [690]A bar relative to the concrete surrounding the bar in such
Yield strength, min, psi [MPa] 60 000 [420] 80 000 [550]
Yield strength, max, psi [MPa] 78 000 [540] 98 000 [675] construction. The lugs or protrusions conform to the provisions
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % of this specification.
Bar Designation Nos.
3, 4, 5, 6 [10, 13, 16, 19] 14 12 3.1.3 plain bar, n—steel bar without protrusions.
7, 8, 9, 10, 11 [22, 25, 29, 32, 36] 12 12 3.1.4 rib, n—longitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.
14, 18 [43, 57] 10 10

iTeh Standards
A
Tensile strength shall not be less than 1.25 times the actual yield strength.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for low-alloy steel bars for concrete reinforce-
A615/A615M Specification for(https://standards.iteh.ai)
ment under this specification shall contain the following
Deformed and Plain Carbon- information:
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
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4.1.1 Quantity (weight) [mass],
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods 4.1.2 Deformed or plain,
for Steel Products for Shipment 4.1.3 Bar designation number (size) of deformed bars, or
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of nominal diameter (size) of plain bars,
Steel Products
ASTM A706/A706M-22
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils,
4.1.5 Grade, and
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Determine Conformance with Specifications 4.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue.
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-
ity 4.2 The purchaser shall have the option to specify additional
2.2 AWS Standard: 3 requirements, including but not limited to, the following:
AWS D1.4 ⁄D1.4M Structural Welding Code—Reinforcing 4.2.1 Requirements for inspection (17.1),
Steel 4.2.2 Special package marking requirements (20.2),
4.2.3 Require bars in each bundle to be supplied from a
2.3 U.S. Military Standard:4
single heat (16.1),
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
4.2.4 Other special requirements, if any, and
2.4 U.S. Federal Standard:4
4.2.5 Optional requirements of Annex A1, if applicable.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)

3. Terminology 5. Material and Manufacture

3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification: 5.1 The bars shall be processed from properly identified
3.1.1 deformations, n—transverse protrusions on a de- heats of mold-cast or strand-cast steel. The steel shall be made
formed bar. by any commercially accepted process.
3.1.2 deformed bar, n—steel bar with protrusions; a bar that 6. Chemical Composition
is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforced concrete and
related construction. 6.1 The chemical analysis of each heat shall be determined
in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
A751. The manufacturer shall make the analysis on test
3
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 Street, #130, samples taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. The
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4
percentages of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon,
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:// copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium shall
www.dodssp.daps.mil. be determined.

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 A706/A706M − 22
6.2 The chemical composition as shown by heat analysis be considered as the gap between these ends. The summation
shall be limited by the following: of the gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of
Element max, % the bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be 3.1416 times
the nominal diameter.
Carbon 0.30
Manganese 1.50 7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall
Phosphorus 0.035 conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
Sulfur 0.045
Silicon 0.50
8. Measurements of Deformations
6.3 Choice and use of alloying elements, combined with
carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur to produce the mechanical 8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be deter-
properties prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3, shall be made by mined by measuring the length of a minimum of 10 spaces and
the manufacturer. Elements commonly used include dividing that length by the number of spaces included in the
manganese, silicon, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, measurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on a
vanadium, columbium, titanium, and zirconium. deformation at the beginning of the first space to a correspond-
6.4 The heat analysis shall be such as to provide a carbon ing point on a deformation after the last included space.
equivalent (C.E.) not exceeding 0.55 % as calculated by the Spacing measurements shall not be made over a bar area
following formula: containing bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.

% Mn % Cu % Ni % Cr % Mo % V
8.2 The average height of deformations shall be determined
C.E. 5 % C1
6
1
40
1
20
1
10
2
50
2
10
(1) from measurements made on not less than two typical defor-
mations. Determinations shall be based on three measurements
6.5 Product (Check) Verification Analysis—A product check per deformation, one at the center of the overall length and the
analysis made by the purchaser shall not exceed the following other two at the quarter points of the overall length.
percentages:
8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient circumferential
Element max, %
coverage, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not
Carbon
Manganese
Phosphorus
iTeh Standards
0.33 %
1.56 %
0.043 %
constitute cause for rejection unless it has been clearly estab-
lished by determinations on each lot (see Note 1) tested that

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Sulfur 0.053 % typical deformation height, gap, or spacing do not conform to
Silicon 0.55 % the minimum requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejec-
tion shall be made on the basis of measurements if fewer than
7. Requirements for Deformations
Document
7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substan- Preview ten adjacent deformations on each side of the bar are measured.
NOTE 1—As used within the intent of 8.3, the term “lot” shall mean all
tially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides of the bars of one bar size and pattern of deformations contained in an
the bar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern.
ASTM A706/A706M-22 individual shipping release or shipping order.
7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axis
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9. Tensile Requirements
of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45°. Where
the line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis 9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall
of the bar from 45 to 70°, inclusive, the deformations shall conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed in
reverse alternately in direction on each side, or those on one Table 2.
side shall be reversed in direction from those on the opposite 9.2 The yield point or yield strength shall be determined by
side. Where the line of deformation is over 70°, a reversal in one of the following methods:
direction shall not be required.
9.2.1 The yield point shall be determined by the drop of the
7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations beam or halt in the gauge of the tensile testing machine, where
on each side of the bar shall not exceed 7⁄10 of the nominal the steel tested has a sharp-kneed or well-defined yield point.
diameter of the bar. 9.2.2 Where the steel does not have a well-defined yield
7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such that the point, the yield strength shall be determined by the offset
gap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deforma- method (0.2 % offset) as described in Test Methods and
tions shall not exceed 12.5 % of the nominal perimeter of the Definitions A370.
bar. Where the ends terminate in a rib, the width of the rib shall 9.3 When material is furnished in coils, the test specimen
shall be taken from the coil and straightened prior to placing it
in the jaws of the tensile testing machine. (See Note 2.)
TABLE 3 Bend Test Requirements
Pin Diameter for 180° Bend Tests NOTE 2—Straighten the test specimen to avoid formation of local sharp
Bar Designation No. bends and to minimize cold work. Insufficient straightening prior to
Grade 60 [420] Grade 80 [550]
3, 4, 5 [10, 13, 16] 3d A 31⁄2 d A attaching the extensometer can result in lower-than-actual yield strength
6, 7, 8 [19, 22, 25] 4d 5d readings.
9, 10, 11 [29, 32, 36] 6d 7d
14, 18 [43, 57] 8d 9d 9.3.1 Test specimens taken from post-fabricated material
A
d = nominal diameter of specimen. shall not be used to determine conformance to this specifica-
tion. (See Note 3.)

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 A706/A706M − 22
NOTE 3—Multiple bending distortion from mechanical straightening containing such imperfections fail to conform to either tensile
and fabricating machines can lead to excessive cold work, resulting in or bending requirements. Examples include, but are not limited
higher yield strengths, lower elongation values, and a loss of deformation
height.
to, laps, seams, scabs, slivers, cooling or casting cracks, and
mill or guide marks.
9.4 The percentage of elongation shall be as prescribed in
Table 2. NOTE 4—Deformed reinforcing bars intended for epoxy coating appli-
cations should have surfaces with a minimum of sharp edges to achieve
proper coverage. Particular attention should be given to bar marks and
10. Bending Requirements
deformations where coating difficulties are prone to occur.
10.1 The bend test specimen shall withstand being bent NOTE 5—Deformed reinforcing bars destined to be mechanically-
around a pin without cracking on the outside radius of the bent spliced or butt-spliced by welding may require a certain degree of
roundness in order for the splices to adequately achieve strength require-
portion. The requirements for degree of bending and sizes of ments.
pins are prescribed in Table 3. When material is furnished in
coils, the test specimen shall be straightened prior to placing it 13. Number of Tests
in the bend tester. 13.1 One tension test and one bend test shall be made of
10.2 The bend test shall be made on specimens of sufficient each bar size rolled from each heat.
length to ensure free bending and with apparatus that provides: 13.2 One set of dimensional property tests including bar
10.2.1 Continuous and uniform application of force weight [mass] and spacing, height, and gap of deformations
throughout the duration of the bending operation, shall be made of each bar size rolled from each heat.
10.2.2 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points of
contact with the apparatus and bending around a pin free to 14. Retests
rotate, 14.1 If the results of an original tension test specimen fail to
10.2.3 Close wrapping of the specimen around the pin meet the specified minimum requirements and are within 2000
during the bending operation. psi [14 MPa] of the required tensile strength, within 1000 psi
10.3 It shall be permissible to use other methods of bend [7 MPa] of the required yield strength, or within two percent-

iTeh Standards
testing as described in Test Methods E290, such as placing a
specimen across two round bearings free to rotate and applying
age units of the required elongation, a retest shall be permitted
on two random specimens for each original tension test
specimen failure from the lot. Both retest specimens shall meet
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the bending force with a fixed rounded-tip mandrel conforming
to the specified bend radius, allowing the bar to pass through the requirements of this specification.
with sufficient clearance. When failures occur under other
14.2 If a bend test fails for reasons other than mechanical

bend-test method prescribed in 10.2. Document14.4.3,

Preview
methods of bend resistance, retests shall be permitted under the
reasons or flaws in the specimen as described in 14.4.2 and
a retest shall be permitted on two random specimens
from the same lot. Both retest specimens shall meet the
11. Permissible Variation in Weight [Mass] requirements of this specification. The retest shall be per-
ASTM A706/A706M-22
11.1 Deformed reinforcing bars shall be evaluated on the formed on test specimens that are at air temperature but not less
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basis of nominal weight [mass]. The weight [mass] determined than 60°F [16°C].
using the measured weight [mass] of the test specimen and 14.3 If a weight [mass] test fails for reasons other than flaws
rounding in accordance with Practice E29, shall be at least in the specimen as described in 14.4.3, a retest shall be
94 % of the applicable weight [mass] per unit length prescribed permitted on two random specimens from the same lot. Both
in Table 1. In no case shall overweight [excess mass] of any retest specimens shall meet the requirements of this specifica-
deformed bar be cause for rejection. tion.
11.2 Weight [mass] variation for plain bars shall be com- 14.4 If the original test or any of the random retests fails
puted on the basis of permissible variation in diameter. For because of any reasons listed in 14.4.1, 14.4.2, or 14.4.3, the
plain bars smaller than 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm] in diameter, use test shall be considered an invalid test:
Specification A510/A510M. For larger plain bars up to and 14.4.1 The elongation property of any tension test specimen
including 21⁄2 in. [63.5 mm] in diameter, use Specification is less than that specified, and any part of the fracture is outside
A6/A6M. the middle half of the gage length, as indicated by scribe marks
on the specimen before testing;
12. Finish
NOTE 6—Marking specimens with multiple scribe or punch marks can
12.1 The bars shall be free of detrimental surface imperfec- reduce the occurrence of fracture outside or near these marks and the need
tions. for declaring the test invalid.
12.2 Rust, seams, surface irregularities, or mill scale shall 14.4.2 Mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equip-
not be cause for rejection, provided the weight [mass], nominal ment or improper specimen preparation; and
dimensions, cross-sectional area, and tensile properties of a 14.4.3 Flaws are detected in a test specimen, either before or
hand wire brushed test specimen are not less than the require- during the performance of the test.
ments of this specification. 14.5 The original results from 14.4.1, 14.4.2, or 14.4.3 shall
12.3 Surface imperfections or flaws other than those speci- be discarded and the test shall be repeated on a new specimen
fied in 12.2 shall be considered detrimental when specimens from the same lot.