Lesson 7
Lesson 7
Present perfect
Exercise 1: Complete the following sentences with the correct present perfect
El presente perfecto es el tiempo verbal que usamos para expresar acciones que
sucedieron en el pasado pero que guardan alguna relación con el presente, puede ser que
ocurrieron recientemente o porque aún no terminan.
Hay dos elementos claves al hacer uso del presente perfecto.
Antes de ver los diferentes usos del presente perfecto, vamos a repasar la estructura de
este tiempo en sus tres formas: afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. Los dos elementos
que revisamos antes se encuentran presentes en la estructura, es decir el verbo auxiliar
have/has y el verbo principal en pasado participio.
Estructura Present Perfect
Form Structure
Una vez vista la estructura para formar el present perfect, vamos a recordar sus diferentes
usos, podrás encontrar en la siguiente tabla ejemplos de cada uno, algunos en su forma
afirmativa, negativa o interrogativa de uso cotidiano.
Uso Examples
Acciones del pasado -I haven´t heard what the teacher said, now I
conectadas con el can't finish my homework.
presente o futuro. (No he escuchado lo que dijo el profesor, ahora
Acciones del pasado no puedo terminar mi tarea)
que tienen
consecuencias o una -Rosy has planned her trip carefully.
conexión con el (Rosy ha planeado su viaje cuidadosamente).
presente o el futuro
Como podrás ver en los ejemplos, en el presente perfecto se usan mucho los
adverbios como yet, still, already, just, entre otros, así como otras palabras. Para
entender mejor cómo y cuándo usarlos, observa el siguiente diagrama con información
concreta de los más usados.
Nota: algunas de estas palabras tienen otros usos y significados, en esta tabla se
presentan los que aplican para el presente perfecto.
Exercise 1. Complete the following sentences with the correct present perfect form (have/
has), take into account the form of the sentences in brackets ( ) Use the verbs from the
box, be careful the verb is in its base form.
sing eat visit take read clean drink play sleep win feel
Exercise 2. Underline the sentences or questions where the present perfect is used
correctly.
1. Mary have lost her 2. He hasn’t visited Uxmal yet
passport Mary has lost her He hasn’t visited Uxmal still
passport Mary has lose her He hasn’t visited Uxmal
passport never
3. Has she ever sung in public? 4. I have finally understand the present perfect
Has she ever sang in public? I have finally understood the present perfect
Has she ever sung in public? I finally have understood the present perfect
5. She hasn’t yet found her 6. Have you ever have a car accident?
money? She hasn’t found her Have you never had a car
money yet? accident?
She hasn’t find her money yet? Have you ever had a car accident?
Exercise 3. Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs in
parentheses and underline the right word in bold.
1. Mayra is from Xalapa Veracruz, but still / since 2015, She (live) _________________ in
San Andres Calpan, Puebla.
4. Sometimes Mayra gets sad because she (forget, not) ___________________ her old
friends in Veracruz yet / still.
5. Mayra and her family ________ always _____________ (dream) about ridding the famous
train “El Chepe”.
6. She is so excited about going to Chihuahua by train, “She (be) ______never / already
_________ on a train before”.
Exercise 4. Order the words to form questions, then write your own responses, Can be
positive or negative and be careful the verb is in its base form. Use present perfect.