SF6 GAS DENSITY MONITORS

Operating instructions
 INSTRUCTION FOR
SF6 GAS DENSITY MONITORS

SF6 Switchgear
SF6 gas is used world-wide as insulating media in substation equipment,
such as circuit breakers, instrument transformers and GIS. Even for
power transformers, SF6 is beginning to be used instead of the
traditional oil insulation. The primary advantage of SF6 is its extremely
high insulation capacity allowing short gaps between conductors and
earth, thus allowing compact design and highest safety. To ensure the safe
operation of the SF6 Switchgear it is essential that the amount of gas is
supervised, as a gas leakage would reduce the dielectric strength and
eventually lead to a flashover.
SF6 Gas Density Monitors
Traditionally, SF6 switchgear have been controlled by pressure gauges,
where the operator or maintenance personnel has had to compare the
reading of the gauge to a temperature diagram to ensure that the amount
of gas inside the switchgear is sufficient for safe operation. Today, SF6
switchgear is controlled by using gas density monitors. The main
difference between density monitors and pressure gauges is that the
density monitors will automatically adjust the reading for any changers in
the pressure which are due to changes in temperature. Thus, the Density
Monitor will always indicate the relative gas pressure at +20 ℃ ,
regardless of the ambient temperature.
The Density Monitors have 1-3 contacts for alarm and blocking at pre-set
levels. Each individual type of instrument is manufactured fully
according to the requirements of the individual customer. This also
implies that we unfortunately have no catalogue to offer, but we are
pleased to give our recommendations based on your requirements.
Operating principle
The density monitors are basically pressure gauges modified for
monitoring the density of a gas in sealed pressure system.
Variation in gas pressure, caused by variations in gas temperature, is not
reflected on the monitor, because of the temperature compensating
element included in the monitor. This design detects gas leakage in the
system, resulting in decreasing gas density and reduced electric insulating
capacity.
Technical provision
The temperature compensation is calibrated to a density corn to Nominal
pressure at 20℃.
Applicable for gas density monitors and gas density indicators for 20℃
is
Indicating error: ±0.015 MPa.
Switching error: ±0.015 MPa.
Applicable for gas density monitors and gas density indicators in the
temperature-compensated range from -40 to 65℃ is
Indicating error: ±0.025 MPa.
Switching error: ±0.025 MPa.
At increasing pressure the contacts shall return to the normal position
before the pressure has risen more than 0.02 MPa above the sigal pressure
at falling pressure.
The density monitor shall withstand max scale value and evacuation
down to 0.1 MPa (abs) without change of function.
The max leakage of SF6-gas from the switch is <5x10-9 mbar▪l/s at 0.5
MPa (abs) (Helium leak test).
The density monitor retains its function at indoor as well as outdoor
applications. Examples of possible environments: Salty and humid
marine, acid urban, dusty desert.
The density monitor was connected to a pressure vessel of 0.60 MPa and
subject to vertical acceleration of 50 G for 1000 times. No false alarms
during the test, no damage to the Gas Density Monitor, and calibration of
indication and contact settings within tolerances after test.
The density monitor protection class is IP65.
Interrupting capacity of the contacts：3A, 250VAC。
Handling:
The instruments must be handled with great care. The instruments are to
be stored inside their individual boxes, and we recommend to avoid
opening the plastic bag until the instrument is to be installed. If an
instrument has been dropped on the ground, it is often not possible to
detect damages from the outside. Thus, we recommend to return any such
instrument to the supplier for inspection.
Inspection:
Inspect the instrument to be free from any visible transport damage.
If any transport damage is detected, the damaged instruments must be
returned to the manufacturer for repair and re-calibration.
As the instrument is designed to indicate SF6-pressure at 20℃ it is
compensated for the ambient temperature. Because of this, the pointer
might fall well below zero when the ambient temperature is above +20℃.
This is not indicating any problem, but rather that the instrument is
operating correctly.
Testing:
The density monitors are fully tested and calibrated before delivery from
our works. A test certificate is included in each shipment.
Installation:
Ensure that the adjoining surfaces are clean and not scratched or burred.
Take care not to over-tighten the connection between instrument and gas
compartment/tube.
Connect the alarm contacts according to the diagram on the relevant
drawing. Minimum test and operating voltage for the alarm contacts is 12
Volts.
Filling gas into the switchgear equipment will cause temperature changes
of the gas. To get a correct reading form the density monitor after filling
the gas, it is necessary to wait for a minimum of 1 hour until the
temperature is fully compensated.
Operation:
The instrument is designed so that it measures the gas pressure
compensated for the ambient temperature.
If a gas leakage will occur, the alarm contacts will close for warning or
tripping at gas density levels set by the SF6-equipment manufacturer.
The alarm and breaking contacts are spring loaded, which will cause the
pointer to jump slightly when the contacts are activated. This is fully
normal, and is considered at the calibration of the alarm levels. The
spring load is required to ensure the long life-time of the contacts.
Special suggestion
As the instrument is designed to indicate SF6-pressure at 20℃ it is
compensated for the ambient temperature. Because of this,when testing
the density monitor, in order to test the accuracy, it is necessary to ensure
the temperature of complete balance between the calibrator and the
density monitor. Usually the calibrator and the density monitor are
together to wait for at least 2 hours until the temperature of complete
balance between the two, then the test can start checking to ensure
accurate testing. Another, it is necessary to ensure the small changes in
pressure at falling pressure or at increasing pressure, step-by 0.001 MPa
is right for the test.
Type tests
Every Density Monitor is tested in production against the specific
requirements for electrical function, accuracy,electric insulation,
dimensions ect. The test certificate is to be stored inside the box.
 SF6 气体密度继电器说明书

引 言
SF6 气体作为绝缘介质已广泛地应用于电力设备中，如断路器、
互感器和 GIS。即使在电力变压器领域，现在 SF6 气体也开始替代传
统的变压器油，这主要是由于 SF6 气体有非常好的绝缘能力，容许相
间或相与地的尺寸小，这样就容许设备做的紧凑，同时又具有很高的
安全性能。为了保证 SF6 电气设备安全运行，就必须对 SF6 气体实行
监测，因为如果 SF6 气体发生了泄漏，就会导致电气设备的电气性能
下降，严重时还会导致电气设备发生闪络和击穿，影响电网的安全运
行。
概 述
以往，SF6 开关的气体监测是通过普通压力表来控制的，运行和
维修人员在读取压力的同时，还得考虑温度，通过比较 SF6 压力—温
度关系曲线，才能确保 SF6 开关的 SF6 气体在其安全运行的范围之内，
这非常不方便。而现在，SF6 开关的 SF6 气体监测都是通过密度继电
器来控制的。密度继电器和普通压力表的主要不同之处在于：密度继
电器能够自动修正因温度发生变化而引起的压力变化，因此 SF6 密度
继电器都是以 SF6 气体经温度补偿后的压力来表示的，且以 20℃时的
压力值来表示的，不随环境温度而变化。该密度继电器有 3 组接点，
用来报警或闭锁用，通常报警接点一组，闭锁接点二组。报警值和闭
锁值可以由用户任意指定。
工作原理
该密度继电器是根据经过温度补偿后的压力来指示或控制的，能
够监测密封容器中的 SF6 气体的密度。
SF6 气体温度发生变化而引起的压力变化，对该密度继电器是不
会影响的，因为该密度继电器含有温度补偿元件。这样的设计，就完
全能够诊断出 SF6 电气设备的 SF6 气体的泄漏，防止因为 SF6 气体密
度的下降而导致其电气绝缘能力的下降。
主要技术性能
1、 密度继电器显示的都是 20℃时的标准压力值（密度值）。
2、 精度：
当温度 20℃时，正常工作显示偏差：±0.015 MPa，
接点偏差：±0.015 MPa；
在-40 至 65℃的温度补偿范围内时，正常工作
显示偏差：±0.025 MPa，
接点偏差：±0.025 MPa。
3、 密度继电器的回差要小于 0.02MPa。
4、 密度继电器在施加最大刻度压力值时，或在承受真空压力为
0.1MPa 时，其性能都不会发生变化。
5、 密度继电器的最大漏气率为：<5x10-9 mbar·l/s(氦气检漏)。
6、 密度继电器可以用在户内，也可以用在户外。例如恶劣的环境中：
潮湿的地方、灰尘大的地方、有酸性的地方。
7、 密度继电器的抗冲击性能：50G，1000 次。
8、 密度继电器的外壳防护等级：IP65。
9、 密度继电器的触点容量：3A，220V。
搬 运
该继电器在搬运、运输时要小心。每个继电器出厂时，都存贮在
单独的纸箱里。我们建议在安装前，禁止打开塑料袋。如果继电器不
小心掉在地上，可能会造成损伤，但通常从外表看不出其受损处。因
此，建议遇到此种情况时，应当返厂进行检查，以确保安全使用。
检 查
经检查，任何明显的运输损伤，可以免费更换。如果检查到运输
中受到损伤，损伤的继电器必须返回至制造厂进行修理或重新校准。
另外，因为继电器压力经过温度补偿，被设计成指示 SF6 气体对应的
20℃时的标准压力值，所以，当环境温度高于 20℃时，指针在零位
偏下，属正常情况。
出厂试验
继电器在出厂时，都经过严格的测试和标定。出厂检验报告附在
继电器的包装箱里。
请注意：客户没有专用的测试设备，是不能准确测试该继电器的。
安 装
安装时，要保证连接面是干净且无刮伤的。在继电器和开关的
SF6 管道连接时，不要过于用力。报警、闭锁接点要根据接线盒盖子
上的接线图正确连接。接点的最小测试、工作电压为 12V。
对 SF6 电气设备进行 SF6 气体的补气时，将会引起 SF6 气体的温
度发生变化。为了在补气后从继电器上读到一个准确的读数，要至少
等待 1 个小时，直到温度完全平衡。
使 用
该继电器测量的是经过温度补偿后的压力。如果 SF6 气体发生泄
漏，报警或闭锁接点就会闭合，并发出报警信号，进而使设备的控制
系统进行闭锁，从而实现 SF6 电气设备的安全运行。报警或闭锁接点
都有保持功能，这样当接点运动时，就会引起指针的轻微跳跃，这是
完全正常的。目的是让接点接触良好，保证接点具有良好的寿命，同
时也提高抗振性能。
☆特别提示
因为该继电器压力经过温度补偿，被设计成指示 SF6 气体对应的
20℃时的标准压力值，所以，当测试该继电器时，为了使测试准确，
要确保所测试的校验仪和继电器温度完全平衡。通常所测试的校验仪
和继电器放在一起要至少等待 2 个小时，直到两者温度完全平衡，才
能开始校验，确保测试准确。另外校验时，减压或升压过程要缓慢，
以 0.001MPa 稳压步进为合适。

随机文件
使用说明书、合格证、出厂检验报告。