Name ______________________________ Class Period _______
Unit 4: Genetics Study Guide
DNA, Genes, Chromosomes Helpful Hints
1. _____ makes up Genes, _____ make up Chromosomes, and Chromosomes make 1. “Don't Go
up your ___________. Crazy Guys”
2. T/F: DNA is the genetic material found in all cells.
3. In _____________ cells, DNA is enclosed in a Nucleus; however, in __________ cells, 3. Look back at
DNA is NOT enclosed in a nucleus. Unit 3!
4. Genes code for proteins, which make up a specific _______. For example, yellow
fur in the Dog DNA lab.
5. Chromosomes can be seen during mitosis, which is the division of body ________,
and _____________, which is the creation of sex cells.
6. Jen was born with black hair, has pierced ears, and she knows all her
multiplication tables. Which of these traits is inherited? ______________________
Sexual vs Asexual Reproduction Helpful Hints
1. Sexual reproduction requires ____ parents (a mother and a father, or ________ 1-3 Look at Intro
and ______); while asexual reproduction requires just ___ parent. to Genetics
2. In sexual reproduction, offspring are genetically ____________. This means Notes
_____________________________________________________________________________________.
4-7 Look at
3. In asexual reproduction, offspring are genetically ____________. This means
Sexual vs
_____________________________________________________________________________________ Asexual
4. When we work on punnett squares, this is a model of _____________________ Reproduction
reproduction, as we look at the probabilities in variation in offspring. Graphic
Organizer
Gregor Mendel Helpful Hints
1. ___________ _____________ is known as the father of Genetics. Look at
2. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian Monk who studied ______ _________. Mendelian
3. When traits follow a specific set of rules or patterns, they are referred to as Genetics Notes
_____________ traits.
4. Mendel made his discoveries about genetics by _________ ____________ pea plants.
5. Mendel discovered that some traits are _______________, meaning they overpower
other traits when both are present, and some traits are ____________, meaning
they are overpowered or hidden by other traits when both are present.
6. _____________ are alternative forms of a gene. Two must be present for every
mendelian trait.
7. How do alleles arise? ________________________________________________________________
8. For a recessive trait to show physically, how many recessive alleles must be
present? ____
9. For a dominant trait to show physically, how many dominant alleles must be
present? ___
10. Which type of traits always present in the first generation? ____________________
11. Dominant alleles are represented by _______________ letters and recessive alleles
are represented by ________________ letters.
12. __________________ refers to the alleles, or the genetic code for a trait. 12. Genetic code
13. __________________ refers to the physical appearance of a trait. 13. PHysical
appearance
14. Provide three examples of genotype: _______, _______, ______
15. Provide three examples of phenotype: ______________, ______________, _____________
Name ______________________________ Class Period _______
16. Label the pairs of alleles below as either homozygous dominant (HD),
homozygous recessive (HR), or heterozygous (HE).
16. Homo= Same
BB Bb hh HH Rr JJ ll ii Tt tt GG Qq MM ee Ee Hetero= Diff.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
17. Is it possible to know a person’s genotype just by looking at them? Explain.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
18. Is it possible to know a person’s phenotype just by looking at them?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
19. If curly hair (H) is the dominant trait and straight hair (h) is the recessive trait,
what are the possible genotypes for an individual with curly hair? _______________
20. Why do we NOT use different letters to denote different alleles?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Punnett Squares Helpful Hints
1. Complete the Punnett Squares below:
2. Create a Punnett Square to answer the following questions:
a. Tide’s parents are Ginger and Otis. Ginger is heterozygous for her red
coat and Otis is homozygous for his white coat.
i. List Ginger and Otis’s genotypes below:
________________________________________________________
ii. Tide has a red coat like his mom. Based on the punnett square,
what are Tide’s possible genotypes?
iii. What were the chances he had a red coat?
b. Tide’s breeder has a new male dog. Like Ginger, he is also heterozygous
for his red coat.
i. List the possible genotypes AND phenotypes of their puppies
below:
________________________________________________________
Name ______________________________ Class Period _______
3. In rabbits, black fur is dominant to white fur. Create a Punnett Square to
answer the following question:
a. If you cross a Homozygous dominant male with a heterozygous female,
what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?
b. What are the percentages for each genotype and phenotype?
4. In dogs, there is a hereditary type of deafness caused by a recessive gene. Two
dogs who carry the gene for deafness but have normal hearing are mated.
Create a Punnett Square to answer the following questions:
a. What are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring
b. What is the percent chance for each?
