535/2 PHYSICS Paper 2 Oct/Nov. 2023 2% hours UGANDA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS BOARD Uganda Certificate of Education PHYSICS Paper 2 2 hours 15 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: Answer any five questions. Any additional question(s) answered will not be marked. ‘Mathematical tables and silent non-programmable scientific calculators may be used. These values of physical quantities may be useful to you: Acceleration due to gravity = 10 ms?. Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 akg KT. Specific heat capacity of copper = 400 kg! KT Specific latent heat of fusion of water = 340000 Jkg”. Speed of sound in air = 330ms". 3.0 10° ms". Velocity of electromagnetic waves (©2023 Uganda National Examinations Board Turn Over3. (a) (b) (©) @) ) © «) (a) (b) © (i) What is meant by the centre of gravity ofa body? (0 mark) (ii) State two ways in which the stability of a bus can be increased during its manufacture. (02 marks) @) What is meant by a couple in mechanics? (01 mark) (ii) State two conditions necessary for a body to be in equilibrium. (02 marks) Describe an experiment to verify the principle of moments. (04 marks) A block of mass 0.5 kg is pulled from rest on a rough horizontal bench by a steady force P, against a constant frictional force of 2N. It moves 10 min 2s. Find; (its speed. (02 marks) (ii) _ its acceleration. (02 marks) (iii) the value of P. : (02 marks) (i) What is meant by parallax and virtual image? (02 marks) (ii) An object is placed in front ofa plane mirror. Describe an experiment to locate the position of its image. (05 marks) Why are prisms preferred to plane mirrors for use as reflectors in optical instruments? (02 marks) What is meant by critical angle? (01 mark) A ray of light is incident at an angle of 38° from a liquid of refractive index 1.43. (i) Find the angle of refraction in air. (03 marks) (ii) Find the angle of incidence in the liquid for the light to graze + the boundary with air. (03 marks) Define the following: (Momentum. (01 mark) (ii) Potential energy. (01 mark) State the S.I unit for each of the quantities defined in (a). (02 mark) ‘When a piece of stone falls from a short height onto an orange fruit, the orange may not be damaged. Explain why the orange fruit crushes when the height of fall of the stone is significantly increased. (05 marks) 2(@) (b) (©) () (e) () (a) (b) () (a) Accar of mass 900 kg travelling at 72 km hr’ is brought to rest in 80 m by applying the brakes. Calculate its; (i) initial momentum, (03 marks) (ii) average braking force. (03 marks) (iii) initial kinetic energy, (02 marks) What is meant by the following; (i) Insulators? (01 mark) (ii) Conductors? (01 mark) Explain how two bodies can get charged by friction. (03 marks) State the fundamental law of electrostatics. (OF mark) State and explain what is observed when; (i) anegatively charged rod is brought near the metal cap of a negatively charged gold-leaf clectroscope. (03 marks) (i) anegatively charged rod is brought near a fine stream of water flowing out of a tap. (02 marks) Sketch the electric field pattern between a positively charged point and a metal plate. (03 marks) State any four applications of electrostatics. (02 marks) What is meant by the following as applied to heat: (i) Conduction? (01 mark) (i) Conveetion? (01 mark) Explain how conduction and convection are minimised in a vacuum flack. (03 marks) Describe how a domestic hot water system works. (05 marks) ‘A hot water tap delivers water to a bath tab at 80 °C at arate of 10 kg min’! and a ‘cold water tap delivers water to the same tab at 20 °C at the rate of 20 kg min‘. If the taps closed after 2 minutes and ice at 0 °C is then added until the temperature of water in the tab is 32°C, find the; (i) temperature of water 1m the tab before adding ice. (02 marks) (ii) amount of ice added. (04 marks) (Specific latent heat of ice = 340,000 J kg’; Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg' K-') 3 Turn Overcn (a) (a) (b) {c) (d@) fa) (b) (©) What is meant by; (i) radioactivity? (01 mark) (i) halflife? (OF mark) ‘The halt-lite of Uranium is 24 days, Calculate the mass of Uranium which remains after 120 days if the initial mass is 64g. (03 marks) (i) What are enthode rays? (01 mark) (ii) With the aid ofa labelled diagram describe how X-rays are produced in an X-ray tube, (06 marks) (ili) State four differences between cathode rays and X-rays. (04 marks) (i) What is meant by compressions and rarefactions as applied to sound waves? (02 marks) (ii) Sound waves of frequency 620 Hz travel through air at a speed of330 ms"'!, Calculate the wavelength of the waves. (03 marks) (i) Deseribe an experiment to determine the speed of sound in air. (05 marks) (ii) State the precautions taken to reduce the errors in the experiment. (OI mark) In an experiment, the length of a stretched wire is varied until it vibrates. in unison with cach of several tuning forks taken in turn keeping the tension in the wire constant throughout. Describe how the variation in length affects the frequency of vibration cof the wire. (02 marks) A ship sends out an ultra sound to the bottom of an ocean and receives an echo after 20s. If the wavelength of the ultra sound in water is 0.1 mand the frequency of the transmitter is 50 kHz, calculate the depth of the ocean. : (03 marks) What is meant by a neutral point as applied to a magnetic ficld? (01 mark) Sketch a diagram to show the magnetic field pattern around a bar magnet placed in the carth’s magnetic field, with its North pole pointing in the magnetic South direction. (02 marks) (i) Explain what is meant by magnetic saturation. (02 marks) Gi) Using the domain theory explain why a permanent magnet may Jose its magnetism by hammering. (03 marks) 4Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure ofa simple d.c motor and describe how it works, (06 marks) State any two adjustments that can be made on the simple dc motor to make ita practical one. (02 marks) 5 END