Paniqui Institute of Technology, Inc.

Sta. Rosa St., Paniqui, Tarlac Tel. No. (045)931-1491/(045) 925-6734

199 4

CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
SERVICING NCII
NAME OF STUDENT:__________________________________
LRN NO:____________________________________________
ADDRESS:___________________________________________

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

MS. JEAN T. GRANDE MS. HANNAH JANE CAINGLET

Trainer Training Director

Noted By:

MRS. FLORIDA B. SANTOS, BSE,MA.

School Principa
 LESSON 1: USE HAND TOOLS

By the end of the session, the learners should able to:

 Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken

 Prepare hand tools
 Use appropriate hand tools and test equipment
 Maintain hand tools

L.O 1 PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASKS TO BE UNDERTAKEN

Planning is a part and parcel of achieving a successful task. Your ability to plan will
enable you to attain your purpose. Many successful electronics entrepreneurs have realized their
success through proper and careful planning. Likewise, aside from planning, you should also
give importance to preparation. Good preparation will boost your confidence because it means
that you are ready to do the task because you have sufficient knowledge about it. The following
are some factors to be considered when you plan and prepare for the tasks:

PLACE

See to it that the place for doing the task is conductive to work, well ventilated, clean and
good lighting. A space provided for freedom to move is important. A place chosen will give you
idea on what task is to be done.
WASTE DISPOSAL

Used parts or compound substance such as oil, grease and used chemical bottles must be
disposed in proper storage bin or container. Non-disposal of used chemical substances invites
hazard to environment and poses danger to health.

TOOLS/ EQUIPMENT

Tools and equipment match with the task to be done. You should be careful enough to
choose tools and equipment that are worthy of use. They must be in good condition so that it can
be easily utilized without damaging the parts.
SAFETY
Always prioritize safety. Remember that accident is not an excusable incident. It can be
avoided. Always remember the motto “Safety First”
 PREPARE HAND TOOLS

Introduction

A tool is an object used to extend the ability of an individual to modify features of the
surrounding environment. Although many animals use simple tools, only human beings, whose
use of stone tools dates back hundreds of millennia, use tools to make other tools. The set of
tools required to perform different tasks that are part of the same activity is called gear
or equipment.

HARDWARE TOOLS

To complete hardware repairs, it is important to have a toolkit that should contain all of
the necessary tools. As you gain experience, you will learn which tools to have available for
different types of jobs. Hardware tools are grouped into these four categories:

• Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools

• Hand tools
• Cleaning tools
• Diagnostic tool

ELECTRO-STATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)

Tools Static electricity is easily generated by friction on carpets, tile flooring, clothing,
hair, fabric, and etc. The friction of moving air alone will charge suspended particles and cause
the buildup of static electrical charges on people and objects in the environment. Grounded
antistatic work mats used with antistatic wrist straps provide the most basic means for the
controlled discharge of electrostatic electricity. Examples of ESD Tools:

ANTI-STATIC WRIST STRAP

An antistatic wrist strap, ESD wrist strap, or ground bracelet is an antistatic device used
to safely ground a person working on very sensitive electronic equipment, to prevent the buildup
of static electricity on their body, which can result in electrostatic discharge (ESD).
ANTI-STATIC MAT

An anti-static mat is designed to help lessen the effects of an electrostatic discharge

(ESD) on an individual or static-sensitive component. It also assists in preventing explosions
and fires when working with flammable material found in certain gases and liquids.

HAND TOOLS
Hand Tools - A hand tool is a device for performing work on a material or a physical
system using only hands. The hand tools can be manually used employing force, or electrically
powered, using electrical current. Examples of Hand Tools:

FLAT HEAD SCREWDRIVER

A flat-head screwdriver is a screwdriver with a wedge-shaped flat tip, used to tighten or
loosen screws that have a straight, linear notch in their heads. This flat tip is perfectly sized to fit
into a screw with a straight head slot with a corresponding shape.
PHILIP’S HEAD SCREWDRIVER

Allow a tighter fit than a flat head screw, which is why most factories and
handymen use them. The screws tend to be lightweight and relatively small. The trick is to match
your screwdriver to the type and size of screws you're using.

TORX SCREWDRIVER

Typically used in vehicles, motorcycles, bicycles, computer systems, hard disk drives and
consumer electronics. The unusual star-shaped head makes them far more secure than regular
flat-head or cross-head screws and allows higher torque transmission so screws and bolts can be
tightened more securely.

HEX DRIVER

Sometimes called a nut driver, is used to tighten nuts in the same way that a screwdriver
tightens screws.
NEEDLE-NOSE PLIER

Needle-nose pliers (also known as pointy-nose pliers, long-nose pliers, pinch-nose

pliers or snipe-nose pliers) are both cutting and holding pliers used by artisans, jewelry
designers, electricians, network engineers and other tradesmen to bend, re-position and snip wire.

WIRE CUTTER

Wire cutters are commonly used to cut copper, brass, iron, aluminum, and steel wire.
Some wire cutters have insulated handles which ensure that you will not get shocked from
the wires you're working with. Diagonal cutters have intersecting jaws that cut the wire at an
angle, leaving a flat tip.

TWEEZERS

Tweezers are small tools used for picking up objects too small to be easily handled with
the human fingers. The tool is most likely derived from tongs, pincers, or scissors-
like pliers used to grab or hold hot objects since the dawn of recorded history.
PART RETRIEVER

Used to retrieve parts from location that are too small for your hand to fit.

WIRE STRIPPER

Diagonal pliers (or wire cutters or diagonal cutting pliers or diagonal cutters or side
cutting pliers) are pliers intended for the cutting of wire (they are generally not used to grab or
turn anything

SOLDERING TOOLS

SOLDERING IRON
A soldering iron is a hand tool used in soldering. It supplies heat to melt solder so that it
can flow into the joint between two work pieces.
SOLDERING IRON STAND
A soldering iron stand is used to keep the hot soldering iron away from you and the work
area. A soldering iron stand is made out of metal and comes with a cleaning sponge to clean
the soldering irons tip.

DE-SOLDERING TOOL
A de-soldering pump, colloquially known as a solder sucker, is a manually-operated
device which is used to remove solder from a printed circuit board. There are two types: the
plunger style and bulb style. (An electrically-operated pump for this purpose would usually be
called a vacuum pump.)

SOLDERING LEAD
Is the use of a conductive substance with a low melting point (solder) to electrically
connect component together. It is frequently used to join wires to leads of components such as
switches or to join components of all kinds to a printed circuit board.
SOLDERING PASTE/FLUX
Solder paste is used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards to connect surface mount
components to pads on the board. It is also possible to solder through-hole pin in paste
components by printing solder paste in and over the holes.

BORING TOOLS

12V MINI DRILL

The portable drill is a hand-supported, power-driven machine tool that rotates twist drills,
reamers, counter bores, and similar cutting tools. The portable drill may be electrically powered
by means of an internal electric motor.

CUTTING TOOL

UTILITY KNIFE
Is a common tool used in cutting various trades and crafts for a variety of purposes.
HACKSAW
Is used for cutting metals. Some have pistol grips which keep the hacksaw firm and easy
to grip. The small hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal arch with a handle that fits around a
narrow, rigid blade

CLEANING TOOLS
Having the appropriate cleaning tools is essential when maintaining or repairing computers.
Using these tools ensures that computer components are not damaged during cleaning.
Examples:

LINT-FREE CLOTH

Used to clean different computer components without scratching or leaving debris.

COMPRESSED AIR

Used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts without touching the
components.
PARTS ORGANIZER

Used to hold screw, jumpers, fasteners and other small parts and prevents them from
getting mixed together.

DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS
Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new generation of hardware
and operating system update, but that doesn’t mean they’re problem-free. Here are the most
popular tools for diagnosing your computer problems:

MULTIMETER

Used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in computer components.

Common Faults in Using Hand Tools

A hand tool is the best friend of every serviceman. With it, work becomes easy and
efficient. But, tools are not given careful attention they will easily give up without maximizing
its usefulness. If this condition continues, it will result in a faulty condition. This faulty condition
results from effective use which eventually might create the risk of danger and accident.
 Common faults of hand tools are usually blamed on manufacturer’s defect. However, it
doesn’t mean that whenever hand tools become faulty or defective, the manufacturer always
carries the responsibility.

PLIERS:

 Do not increase the handle length of pliers to gain more leverage. Use a larger pair of
pliers or bolt cutters if necessary.
 Do not substitute pliers for a wrench when turning bolts and nuts. Pliers cannot grip these
items properly and might cause a slip and create an accident.
 Never use pliers as a hammer on the handle. Such abuse is likely to result in cracks or
breaks.
 Cut hardened wires only with pliers designed for that purpose.
 Always cut the wires in right angle. Never rock from side to side or bend wire back and
forth against the cutting edges.

SCREWDRIVERS:

 Never use screwdrivers as a pry bar, chisel, and punch stirrer or scraper.
 Never use screwdrivers with broken or worn-out handles. Screwdrivers of these kinds
should have tags to indicate that it is defective.
 Never use pliers on a screwdriver for extra leverage. Only use wrench or screwdrivers
specifically designed for purpose.

UTILITY KNIVES/ BLADES:

 Do not use dull blades because they require more force, thus are more likely to slip.
Replace the blade when it starts to “tear” instead of cut.
 Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed.
 Don’t bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open cans or loosen tight cover
of containers. Blades are brittle and can snap easily.
 Self-check: 1.1

(Tools: Function, Operation)

Direction: Identify the tool being described in the following items.

1. __________Used to stand on or place hardware on to prevent static electricity from

building up.

2. ___________It is a type of hand tool that is used to loosen or tighten screws that have a
star-like depression on the top, a feature that is mainly found on laptop.

3. ___________This type of tool is used to strip and cut wires.

4. ____________Used to hold screw, jumpers, fasteners and other small parts and
prevents them from getting mixed together.

5. _____________A diagnostic tool that is used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality
of electricity in computer components.

6._____________ Used to clean different computer components without scratching or

leaving debris

7. ____________ paste is used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards to connect

surface mount components to pads on the board

8. ____________ Used to retrieve parts from location that are too small for your hand to
fit.

9. ____________ Is the use of a conductive substance with a low melting point (solder) to
electrically connect component together

10. ____________ Used to clean different computer components without scratching or

leaving debris.
References:
https://www.scribd.com/doc/219418979/CHS-Module-2-Using-Hand-Tools
http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_pc_hardware_servicing_learning_module.pdf
https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk00qF3geRA4UHrTG7ri6xBsQTw2q5g
%3A1599707934040&source=hp&ei=HZtZX86APcLVmAWG4YqIDw&q=use+hand+tools+m
odules&oq=use+&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQARgAMgQIIxAnMgQIIxAnMgQIIxAnMggIABCx
AxCDATIFCAAQsQMyCAgAELEDEIMBMggIABCxAxCDATICCAAyAggAMggIABCxAx
CDAToHCCMQ6gIQJzoICC4QsQMQgwE6BQguELEDOgsILhCxAxDHARCjAlDfEVjhFWD
HMWgBcAB4AIABkAKIAf4EkgEFMi4wLjKYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEK&sclient=ps
y-ab
 Paniqui Institute of Technology, Inc.
Sta. Rosa St., Paniqui, Tarlac Tel. No. 09388277659/09510184746(045)931-1491
199 4

CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
SERVICING NCII
NAME OF STUDENT:__________________________________
LRN NO:____________________________________________
ADDRESS:___________________________________________

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

MS. JEAN T. GRANDE MS. HANNAH JHANE CAINGLET

Trainer Training Director

Noted By:

MRS. FLORIDA B. SANTOS, BSE,MA.

School Principal
 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN HANDLING TOOLS

Learning Objectives:

After reading this Information Sheets, You must be able to:

1. Identify the hazards associated with various types of hands tools

2. Understand the safety best practices that can prevent accidents and injuries when using hand tools

Introduction

A tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task. Tools range from a
traditional metal cutting part of a machine to an element of a computer program that activates
and controls a particular function.

Preparing for the Task to be Undertaken Includes Proper Tool Selection

 How doyou select the best tool for the job? First, know and understand in detail the
scope of work to be accomplished, second, plan for the scope taking into account the
sequence of tasks.

 Selecting the best tool for each task requires training in the proper use of the tool
field experience in their safe use, and following the manufacturer’s guidance and
instructions for that specific tool.

 When obtaining the tool all the associated tooling and consumable parts, as
recommended by the manufacturer, must be included. In addition, related consumable
parts must also be selected and used according to their manufacturer’s instructions.

Safe Use of Tools

Once selected, use the tool for the purposefor which it was designed. Not all tools come
with detailed instructions, but there are thosethat do spell out the safety “Do’s and Don’ts”
for your safety. If there are set-up/use options, operator judgment must always be based on what
is the safest way to use the tool.

Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:

 All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance.

  The right tool be used for the job.
 Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or defective tools NOT to be
used.
 Tools be operated according to manufacturer’s instructions.
 The right protective equipment for the tool and activity be used.

Basic Safety Rules for Hand Tools

 ALWAYS WEAR EYE PROTECTION.

 Wear the RIGHT SAFETY EQUIPMENT for the job.
 Use tools that are the RIGHT SIZE & RIGHT TYPE for your job.
 Follow the correct procedure for using EVERY tool.
 Keep your cutting tools SHARP and in good condition.
 DON’T work with OILY or GREASY hands.
 Handle SHARP-EDGED and POINTED TOOLS with care.
 Always carry pointed tools by your side with the points and heavy ends DOWN.
 SECURE all small work & short work with a vise or clamp.
 NEVER carry tools in your pockets.
 DON’T use tools which are LOOSE or CRACKED.
 KEEP your punches & chisels in good condition. Mushroomed heads can chip & cause
injuries.
 DON’T use a file without a HANDLE.
 DON’T pry or hammer with a FILE. It may shatter.
 DON’T use screwdrivers as chisels or pry bars.
 DON’T try to increase your leverage by using a “cheater” with a wrench. Wrenches are
designed at the right strength for their size and length.
 AFTER USING A TOOL — clean it and return it to its proper storage place.
 If anything breaks or malfunctions — report it to your supervisor AT ONCE.
 Use the RIGHT TYPE of tool for the job.
 NEVER place tools and materials where they hang on the edge of a bench.
 Don’t use tools for things they weren’t meant for.
 Store tools and materials vertically, with the points and heavy end down.
 Cut away from yourself when you use chisels and other edged tools.
 DON’T FORCE screws; make sure that the correct screw for the job is being used.

What should I avoid when using hand tools?

 Do not use tools for jobs they are not intended to do. For example, do not use a slot screw
driver as a chisel, pry bar, wedge or punch, or wrenches as hammers.
 Do not apply excessive force or pressure on tools.
 Do not cut towards yourself when using cutting tools.
 Do not hold the stock in the palm of your hand when using a cutting tool or a
screwdriver. Always lay it on a workbench or in a vice.
 Do not wear bulky gloves to operate hand tools.
 Do not throw tools. Hand them, handle first, directly to other workers.
 Do not carry tools in a way that interferes with using both hands on a ladder, while
climbing on a structure, or when doing any hazardous work. If working on a ladder or
scaffold, tools should be raised and lowered using a bucket and hand line.
 Do not carry a sharp tool in your pocket.
 Do not use tools during electrical work unless they are designed for electrical work (e.g.,
properly insulated).
 Do not leave tools lying around on elevated structures such as a platform or scaffold as
they may be bumped and fall.
 Self-Check: 2.1
(SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN HANDLING TOOLS)

1. Give at least 3 considerations in selecting the proper tool to be used.

2. What are the basic tips in using hand tools? Give at least 5.?

3. Why safety rules important when handling tools?

Reference:
https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/lesson-16.html
https://www.scribd.com/doc/219418979/CHS-Module-2-Using-Hand-Tools
 Paniqui Institute of Technology, Inc.
Sta. Rosa St., Paniqui, Tarlac Tel. No. 09388277659/09510184746(045)931-1491
199 4

CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
SERVICING NCII
NAME OF STUDENT:__________________________________
LRN NO:____________________________________________
ADDRESS:___________________________________________

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

MS. JEAN T. GRANDE MS. HANNAH JHANE CAINGLET

Trainer Training Director

Noted By:

MRS. FLORIDA B. SANTOS, BSE,MA.

School Principal
USE APPROPRIATE HAND TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Identify the safety precautions in utilizing each tool

 Master how to use them

HOW TO USE ANTI STATIC WRIST/STRAP

 ANTI STATIC WRIST

The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to equalize the

electrical charge between you and the equipment. The antistatic
wrist strap is a conductor that connects your body to the
equipment that you are working on. When static electricity
builds up in your body, the connection made by the wrist strap
to the equipment, or ground, channels the electricity through
the wire that connects the strap.

Wrap the ESD strap around your wrist. Before you

come into contact with ESD-sensitive items, put the ESD strap
around your wrist and snap it closed. All parts of the strap
should be in direct contact with your skin at all times.
Tug on the strap to make sure the clasp will hold tight and not
come apart if the cord is jerked or pulled.

Attach the other end of the strap to a common

ground. At the other end of the cord attached to your wrist strap
is an alligator clip that you can use to connect yourself to a
common ground. At a static-free work station, a common ground
point will be noted by a symbol that looks like a black-and-white
target. There may also simply be a sign that says "common
ground."

Clip your strap to a metal part if no common ground is

available. If you're working at home or in an informal
environment, you may not have a common ground point. In that
case, snap the alligator clip to a metal part of the computer you're
working on, such as the chassis of the computer or the power
supply.

Wear your ESD strap whenever you're around ESD-

sensitive items. Any time you are holding or working with
computer components, such as motherboards or video cards, that
are not installed in the computer case, keep yourself grounded.
Otherwise, electrostatic discharge could damage those
components.
 A single electrostatic shock won't necessarily fry a
component immediately, but it can damage it and cause poor performance. Multiple
discharges can also have a cumulative effect.
 1.

USING SOLDERING IRON

The most fundamental skill needed to assemble any electronic projects is that of
soldering. Soldering is defined as “the joining of metals by a fusion of alloys which have
relatively low melting points”. In other words, you use a metal that has a low melting point to
adhere to the surfaces to be soldered together. Soldering is more like gluing with molten metal
than anything else. Soldering is also a must have skill for all sorts of electrical and electronics
work. It is also a skill that must be taught correctly and developed with practice.

SOLDERING IRON SOLDERING STAND

SOLDERING LEAD

Basic Equipment used in soldering

What Is Soldering?

Basically, soldering is the process of connecting two or more metal items together in
order to form a secure joint. In contrast to welding used to connect larger metalwork, soldering is
a proper technique for making delicate joints and binding small-size or even tiny items. To make
a joint, you will need to put some filler alloy or solder into it that acts like a kind of glue or
adhesive. Formerly, all solders were based on lead, however, now, there is a whole variety of
lead-free alloys safe both for the human health and for the environment. To be applied as a
binding agent, the solder needs to be melted. This is exactly what a soldering iron is used for.
Featuring a heated tip, the tool will help you not only liquify the solder but also make an accurate
connection with it.
 SOLDERING SAFETY
Read risk assessments and chemical safety information before starting work. These should be
readily accessible from the soldering station.

Soldering Iron

 Never touch the element of the soldering iron....400°C!

 Hold wires to be heated with tweezers or clamps.
 Keep the cleaning sponge wet during use.
 Always return the soldering iron to its stand when not in use. Never put it down on the
workbench.
 Turn unit off and unplug when not in use.

Solder, flux and cleaners

 Wear eye protection. Solder can “spit”.

 Use rosin-free and lead-free solders wherever possible.
 Keep cleaning solvents in dispensing bottles.
 Always wash your hands with soap and water after soldering.

Lead exposure

 Lead can give rise to serious chronic health effects. Exposure will primarily be through
accidental ingestion from your skin, wear gloves if directly handling solder. Limited fumes
may be generated by soldering.

Electrical Safety

 Do not use soldering irons that have obvious damage to body, cable or plug.
 All soldering irons should have had electrical safety (PAT) testing within the last twelve
months.
 Keep the soldering station free of electrical cables to prevent damage from the heated tip.
 Use a grounded outlet and grounding prong if a short circuit is a possibility.

Waste

 Collect waste solder in a lidded container. Replace lid when not in use.
 Label appropriately and dispose of as hazardous waste.
 Used solder sponges and contaminated rags should be placed in a sealable bag for disposal
as hazardous waste.

PREPARING THE SOLDERING IRON: TINNING THE TIP

1. Place the soldering iron in its stand and plug in. The iron will take a few minutes to
reach its operating temperature of about 400°C.
2. Dampen the sponge in the stand. The best way to do this is to lift it out the stand and hold
it under a cold tap for a moment, then squeeze to remove excess water. It should be damp, not
dripping wet.
3. Wait a few minutes for the soldering iron to warm up. You can check if it is ready by
trying to melt a little solder on the tip.
4. Wipe the tip of the iron on the damp sponge. This will clean the tip.
5. Melt a little solder on the tip of the iron. This is called 'tinning' and it will help the heat
to flow from the iron's tip to the joint. It only needs to be done when you plug in the iron, and
occasionally while soldering if you need to wipe the tip clean on the sponge.
 YOU ARE NOW READY TO START SOLDERING:

1. Hold the soldering iron like a pen, near the base of the handle (imagine you are going
to write your name). Remember to never touch the hot element or tip.

2. Touch the soldering iron onto the joint to be made. Make sure it touches both the
component lead and the track. Hold the tip there for a few seconds and...

3. Feed a little solder onto the joint. It should flow smoothly onto the lead and track to form
a volcano shape as shown in the diagram. Apply the solder to the joint, not the iron.
4. Remove the solder, then the iron, while keeping the joint still. Allow the joint a few
seconds to cool before you move the circuit board.
5. Inspect the joint closely. It should look shiny and have a 'volcano' shape. If not, you will
need to reheat it and feed in a little more solder. This time ensure that both the lead and track
a re heated fully before applying solder.
`

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: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vAx89WhpZ3k
 DESOLDERING
At some stage you will probably need to desolder a joint to remove or re-position a wire or
component. There are two ways to remove the solder:
1. With a desoldering pump
Also known as a 'solder sucker'. It is best to use one with an ESD (electrostatic discharge)
nozzle to protect some ICs which can be damaged by static electricity.

Release Button Plunger

Tip

1. Set the pump by pushing the spring-loaded plunger down until it locks.
2. Apply both the pump nozzle and the tip of your soldering iron to the joint.
3. Wait a second or two for the solder to melt.
4. Then press the button on the pump to release the plunger and suck the molten solder into the
tool.
5. Repeat if necessary to remove as much solder as possible.
6. The pump will need emptying occasionally by unscrewing the nozzle.

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SELF-CHECK
Identification:
1. _____________This is a tool used for melting solder and applying it to metals that are to be
joined.
2._____________ What is a low-melting alloy, especially one based on lead and tin, used for
joining less fusible metals.
3._____________ An important material used in soldering made of thin and lead.
4._____________ A tool used for heating the parts to be soldered.
5._____________ Quick and efficient method of joining metals permanently is called ------------
6._____________ a method of removing the solder and components from circuit boards.

ESSAY:
1. Why should an antistatic wrist strap be worn when working on electronic equipment?
2. What did you learn in the video regarding soldering?
3. What does soldering do?
LO3. USE APPROPRIATE HAND TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT

Information Sheet 5.3-1

(SAFETY REQUIREMENTS OF TOOLS)

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Identify the safety precautions in utilizing each tool

 Master how to use them

The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to equalize the electrical charge between you and the
equipment. The antistatic wrist strap is a conductor that connects your body to the equipment that
you are working on. When static electricity builds up in your body, the connection made by the
wrist strap to the equipment, or ground, channels the electricity through the wire that connects
the strap.

The wrist strap has two parts and is easy to wear:

• Wrap the strap around your wrist and secure it using the snap or Velcro. The metal on
the back of the wrist strap must remain in contact with your skin at all times.

 Snap the connector at the end of the wire to the wrist strap, and connect the other end
either to the equipment or to the same grounding point that the antistatic mat is
connected to. The metal skeleton of the case is a good place to connect the wire.
When connecting the wire to equipment that you are working on, choose an
unpainted metal surface. A painted surface does not conduct the electricity as well as
unpainted metal.

An antistatic mat is slightly conductive. It works by drawing static electricity away from a
component and transferring it safely from equipment to a grounding point:

• Lay the mat on the workspace next to or under the computer case.
• Clip the mat to the case to provide a grounded surface on which you can place parts as you
remove them from the system. Reducing the potential for ESD reduces the likelihood of
damage to delicate circuits or components.

Proper Use of Hand Tools

A technician needs to be able to properly use each tool in the toolkit. This topic covers many of
the various hand tools used when repairing computers.

Screws

Match each screw with the proper screwdriver. Place the tip of the screwdriver on the head of the
screw. Turn the screwdriver clockwise to tighten the screw and counterclockwise to loosen the
screw. Screws can become stripped if you over-tighten them with a screwdriver. A stripped
screw, may get stuck in the screw hole, or it may not tighten firmly. Discard stripped screws.

Flat head screwdriver

Use a flat head screwdriver when you are working with a slotted screw. Do not use a flat head
screwdriver to remove a Phillips head screw. Never use a screwdriver as a pry bar. If you cannot
remove a component, check to see if there is a clip or latch that is securing the component in
place.

Caution: If excessive force is needed to remove or add a component, something is probably

wrong. Take a second look to make sure that you have not missed a screw or a locking clip that
is holding the component in place. Refer to the device manual or diagram for additional
information.

Phillips head screwdriver

Use a Phillips head screwdriver with crosshead screws. Do not use this type of
screwdriver to puncture anything. This will damage the head of the screwdriver.

Hex driver

Use a hex driver to loosen and tighten bolts that have a hexagonal (six-sided) head. Hex bolts
should not be over-tightened because the threads of the bolts can be stripped. Do not use a hex
driver that is too large for the bolt that you are using.
Caution: Some tools are magnetized. When working around electronic devices, be sure that the
tools you are using have not been magnetized. Magnetic fields can be harmful to data stored on
magnetic media. Test your tool by touching the tool with a screw. If the screw is attracted to the
tool, do not use the tool.

Part retriever, Needle-nose pliers, or tweezers

The part retriever, needle-nose pliers, and tweezers can be used to place and retrieve parts that
may be hard to reach with your fingers. Do not scratch or hit any components when using
these tools. Caution: Pencils should not be used
inside the computer to change the setting of switches or to pry off jumpers. The pencil lead can
act as a conductor and may damage the computer components.

Computer Cases and Monitors

Clean computer cases and the outside of monitors with a mild cleaning solution on a damp, lint-
free cloth. Mix one drop of dishwashing liquid with four ounces of water to create the cleaning
solution. If any water drips inside the case, allow enough time for the liquid to dry before
powering on the computer.

LCD Screens

Do not use ammoniated glass cleaners or any other solution on an LCD screen, unless the
cleaner is specifically designed for the purpose. Harsh chemicals will damage the coating on the
screen. There is no glass protecting these screens, so be gentle when cleaning them and do not
press firmly on the screen.

CRT Screens

To clean the screens of CRT monitors, dampen a soft, clean, lint-free cloth with distilled water
and wipe the screen from top to bottom. Then use a soft, dry cloth to wipe the screen and remove
any streaking after you have cleaned the monitor. Clean dusty components with a can of
compressed air. Compressed air does not cause electrostatic buildup on components. Make sure
that you are in a well-ventilated area before blowing the dust out of the computer. A best practice
is to wear a dust mask to make sure that you do not breathe in the dust particles. Blow out the
dust using short bursts from the can. Never tip the can or use the compressed air can upside
down. Do not allow the fan blades to spin from the force of the compressed air. Hold the fan in
place. Fan motors can be ruined from spinning when the motor is not turned on.

Component Contacts

Clean the contacts on components with isopropyl alcohol. Do not use rubbing alcohol.
Rubbing alcohol contains impurities that can damage contacts. Make sure that the contacts do
not collect any lint from the cloth or cotton swab. Blow any lint off the contacts with compressed
air before reinstallation.

Keyboard

Clean a desktop keyboard with compressed air or a small, handheld vacuum cleaner with a brush
attachment. Caution: Never use a standard vacuum cleaner inside a computer case. The plastic
parts of the vacuum cleaner can build up static electricity and discharge to the components. Use
only a vacuum approved for electronic components.
Mouse
Use glass cleaner and a soft cloth to clean the outside of the mouse.Do not spray glass cleaner
directly on the mouse. If cleaning a ball mouse, you can remove the ball and clean it with glass
cleaner and a soft cloth. Wipe the rollers clean inside the mouse with the same cloth. Do not
spray any liquids inside the mouse.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal protective equipment will be provided without cost to all individuals who are at risk of
occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens. Personal protective equipment will be
chosen based on the anticipated exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials. The
protective equipment will be considered appropriate only if it does not permit blood or other
potentially infectious materials to pass through or reach the individual’s clothing, skin, eyes,
mouth, or other mucous membranes under normal conditions of use and for the duration of time
which the protective equipment will be used.

Eye Protection
Protective eye wear must be worn in the laboratory at all times. Face shields may be
required if there is a potential for splashes, sprays, or aerosols.

Lab coats and uniforms

Laboratory coats, gowns, smocks, or uniforms must be worn while in the laboratory; long
sleeves are required. Before leaving the laboratory for non-laboratory areas (e.g., cafeteria,
library, administrative offices), this protective clothing must be removed and left in the
laboratory. Sandals and open-toed shoes are not permitted.
Gloves
Gloves must be worn by all personnel engaged in activities that may involve skin contact with
potentially infectious fluids or tissues. Gloves are also required for laboratory workers with
dermatitis or other lesions on the hands who may have direct or indirect contact with potentially
infectious materials. Hand washing with soap and water must be a routine practice immediately
after direct contact with potentially infectious materials and on completion of work, even when
gloves are worn. Gloves should be removed before touching common equipment (phone,
computer, scintillation counters) to prevent contamination.
 Self-Check: 5.3-1
(SAFETY REQUIREMENTS OF TOOLS)

1. What is the importance of knowing and mastering the different tools before using it?

2. Give one specific tool and explain its proper usage.

LO4. MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS

Information Sheet 5.4-1

(Maintenance of Tools)

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Know the importance in maintaining tools and equipment

 Perform the proper way of maintaining tools and equipment

MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS

All tools and equipment must be properly maintained so that workers are not endangered.
Regulations require inspections of tools, machines and equipment before use. Preventive
maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools, equipment and machines in order to
keep them in a safe, usable condition limit downtime and extend productivity. We must always
be aware that maintenance tasks themselves are potentially hazardous and can result in injury.
The successful maintenance program is:
• Well organized and scheduled,
• Controls hazards,
• Defines operational procedures, and
• Trains key personnel

The degree of detail to include regarding tools and equipment maintenance will depend on the
kinds of tools/equipment used. Some construction equipment may have very specific inspection
and maintenance requirements. Electronic equipment may have different maintenance
requirements. Hand tools may require only basic maintenance. Power tools should be maintained
in good working order. This may be limited to ensuring that blades/bits are replaced when
needed and those guards or other safety devices are operable and any damaged electrical
cords/plugs are repaired or replaced. Damaged or defective equipment/tools should be tagged
and removed from service.

General requirements for tools and equipment maintenance include:

 Obtaining a copy of the maintenance schedule recommended by the manufacturer

 Ensuring that maintenance is performed as required
 Ensuring that the person(s) performing the maintenance are competent (e.g. licensed
 mechanic) Retaining records of maintenance/service conducted
  Specifying who is responsible for overseeing equipment maintenance and where the
records are kept Set up a system for removal and tagging of damaged or defective tools
and equipment

Make it a habit to clean tools after each use before you return them to storage. Wipe them down
with a rag or old towel and be sure they are free of dust, grease and debris before you put them
into their proper places. This is also an opportunity to look for any damage or defects. Check
your tools' handles for splinters, breaks and cracks. Also, make sure that metal parts show no
signs of corrosion or rust. Repair or replace any tools that show signs of damage.

Cold chisels, log-splitting wedges and other striking tools can be very dangerous if they are not
maintained properly. Because these types of tools are used for repeated striking, the surface of
the metal head eventually mushrooms out and spreads to form a lip or ridge around the edge.
With continued use, there is more spreading and the metal lip may continue to thin, split or curl
until it finally breaks. If the metal head separates from the handle while in use, this could result
in a dangerous projectile. To prevent this hazard, just grind off the metal edges with a powered
grinder on a regular basis.

Safety Alerts!

Don’t use tools that need repair or replacement. Broken tools can cause injury.

Don’t use tools inappropriately; you risk injury to yourself, others and damage to the tools.

Safety Alert!

You should wear heavy gloves when cleaning or removing rust from tools that can cut.
Wear safety goggles when using a wire brush to remove rust.

Tool and Equipment Maintenance

The degree of detail to include regarding tools and equipment maintenance will depend on the
kinds of tools/equipment used. Some construction equipment may have very specific inspection
and maintenance requirements. Electronic equipment may have different maintenance
requirements. Hand tools may require only basic maintenance. Power tools should be maintained
in good working order. This may be limited to ensuring that blades/ bits are replaced when
needed and those guards or other safety devices are operable and any damaged electrical
cords/plugs are repaired or replaced. Damaged or defective equipment/tools should be tagged
and removed from service. Most manufacturers can provide maintenance schedules for their
equipment. Large companies typically have a comprehensive maintenance program due to the
capital investment and/or leasing agreements. Smaller companies may lease equipment and
maintenance services may be included in the leasing agreement. General requirements for tools
and equipment maintenance include:

• Obtaining a copy of the maintenance schedule recommended by the manufacturer

• Ensuring that maintenance is performed as required
• Ensuring that the person(s) performing the maintenance are competent (e.g.
licensed mechanic)
• Retaining records of maintenance/service conducted
• Specifying who is responsible for overseeing equipment maintenance and where the
records are kept
• Set up a system for removal and tagging of damaged or defective tools and
equipment
 Self-Check: 5.4-1
(Maintenance of Tools)

Enumerate the general requirements for tools and equipment maintenance.

 Information Sheet 5.4-2
(Storage of Tools)

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Identify the different tools and equipment that is used for storing purposes
 Select appropriate storage for specific tools and equipment

To ensure that tools and equipment remain in good condition and last for a long time, store
them properly. Properly stored tools and equipment will be easy to find when needed and are less
likely to be lost.

Good practices include:

• Parts should be properly stored and labeled.

• Tools should be properly placed on the board, and labeled. Consider drawing the shapes
of the tools on the board so that they always get put back in the same position.
• Use bins for storing small parts.
• Consider making an individual (or individuals) responsible for the good maintenance of
tools and parts.

Benefits:
 Tools and parts are kept in good condition and are easy to find
 Costs are reduced.
 Productivity is increased because time is not wasted looking for tools, parts and
equipment.
 Workshop staff develop a sense of responsibility and pride in their work.

A proper storage system is a must for hand tools:

A toolbox
Storage container

Shelving unit, or a combination of all of these can be used to keep your tools protected and in
peak condition.

Ideally, your storage units should be kept somewhere with minimal exposure to moisture and
temperature changes. Remember to keep tools in their respective places or hung on designated
hangers when a job has been completed.
 Self-Check: 5.4-2
(Storage of Tools)

1. What are the different storage tools that are used in storing different tools and materials?

2. Why is it that the tools and equipment must be properly stored?

REFERRENCE;

https://www.slideshare.net/rvpodi/lesson-1-use-of-hand-tools-ict

https://www.scribd.com/document/408109711/CBLM-Use-Hand-Tools-docx

https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/lesson-16.html
https://www.scribd.com/doc/219418979/CHS-Module-2-Using-Hand-Tools