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THERMO FLUID ENGINEERING - Assignment - 02

This document contains 16 questions related to hydraulic turbines and steam turbines. The questions cover topics such as classifying hydraulic turbines like the Pelton wheel and deriving expressions for its maximum efficiency; defining efficiency terms for hydraulic turbines; drawing velocity diagrams for Pelton wheels; explaining compounding in steam turbines; deriving expressions for maximum blade efficiency in steam turbines; solving problems involving velocity diagrams, power developed, efficiency, thrust, and more for impulse turbines.

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sameershaik16797
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66 views1 page

THERMO FLUID ENGINEERING - Assignment - 02

This document contains 16 questions related to hydraulic turbines and steam turbines. The questions cover topics such as classifying hydraulic turbines like the Pelton wheel and deriving expressions for its maximum efficiency; defining efficiency terms for hydraulic turbines; drawing velocity diagrams for Pelton wheels; explaining compounding in steam turbines; deriving expressions for maximum blade efficiency in steam turbines; solving problems involving velocity diagrams, power developed, efficiency, thrust, and more for impulse turbines.

Uploaded by

sameershaik16797
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THERMO FLUID ENGINEERING 2 nd Assignment

1. Classify hydraulic turbine. With a neat sketch explain the working of a pelton wheel.

2. With a neat sketch derive an expression for maximum efficiency of a pelton wheel in terms of blade
angle at exit.

3. With reference to hydraulic turbines, define a) overall efficiency, hydraulic efficiency


Mechanical efficiency and volumetric efficiency. b) Various heads of Hydraulic turbines.
4. Draw the inlet and outlet velocity diagrams of Pelton turbine and explain different velocities and
angles.

5. Define compounding in Steam turbine. Also explain types of compounding.


With a neat sketch explain velocity compounding impulse steam turbine.

6. Derive an expression for condition for maximum blade efficiency for single stage impulse steam
turbine.
7. One stage of an impulse turbine consists of a Nozzle and one ring of moving blades. The nozzle is
inclined at 220 and the blade tip angles are both 350. If the velocity at the exit of nozzle is 660 m/s,
determine blade velocity, whirl velocity and diagram efficiency neglecting losses.
8. Steam emerges from a nozzle to a De-laval turbine with a velocity of 1000 m/s. The nozzle angle is
200. The mean blade velocity is 400 m/s. The blades are symmetrical (1 = 2). The mass flow rate of
steam is 1000 kg/hr. Friction factor is 0.8, nozzle efficiency is 0.95. Calculate the following. a) Blade
angles b) Axial thrust c) power developed d) blade efficiency e) Stage efficiency.
9. A single stage impulse turbine has a diameter of 1.5 m and running at 3000 rpm. The nozzle angle is
20⁰. Speed ratio is 0.45. ratio of relative velocity at the outlet to that at inlet is 0.9. The outlet angle of
the blade is 3⁰ less than inlet angle. Steam flow rate is 6 kg/s. draw the Velocity diagrams and find the
following .Velocity of whirl, axial thrust, blade anggles, power developed, and blade efficiency.
10. Steam flows through the nozzle with a velocity of 450 m/s at a direction which is inclined at an angle
of 16◦ to the wheel tangent. Steam comes out of the moving blades with a velocity of 100 m/s in the
direction of 110◦ with the direction of blade motion. The blades are equiangular and the steam flow rate
is 10 kg/s. Find i) power developed ii) The power loss due to friction iii) Axial thrust iv) blade
efficiency and v) blade co-efficient.
11. A pelton wheel has to be designed for the following data: power to be developed= 5880 KW, net head
available =300 m, speed= 550 rpm, jet ratio m=10 and over all efficiency =85 %. Find the number of
jets (n), diameter of jet (d), and diameter of the wheel (D) and quantity of water required. Assume Cv=
0.98 and speed ratio=0.46.p7.1

12. Design a pelton wheel for a head of 80 m and speed 300 rpm. The pelton wheel develops 103 kW shaft
power. Take co-efficient of velocity=0.98, speed ratio=0.45 and overall efficiency=0.80.

13. A double jet pelton wheel is required to generate 7500 kW when the available head at the base of the
nozzle is 400 m. The jet is deflected through 1650 and the relative velocity of the jet is reduced by 15%
in passing over the buckets. Determine i) the diameter of each jet ii) total flow iii) Force exerted by the
jets in the tangential direction. Assume generator efficiency is 95%, ƞ 0=80%, speed ratio=0.47.
p7.3

14. A pelton wheel has a tangential velocity of buckets 15 m/s. The water is being supplied under a head of
36 m at the rate of 0.02 m3/s. The bucket deflects the jet through an angle of 1600. If the co-efficient of
the velocity for the nozzle is 0.98. Find the power developed by the wheel. P7.4

15. A pelton wheel has a mean bucket speed of 10 m/s with a jet of water flowing at the rate of 700 liters
per second under a head of 30 meters. The buckets deflect the jet through an angle of 160⁰. Calculate
the power given by water to the runner and hydraulic efficiency of the turbine. Assume co-efficient
of velocity as 0.98.
16. A pelton wheel produces 15456 kW under a head of 335 m running at a speed of 500 rpm. Turbine
overall efficiency=0.84. Jet velocity co-eff=0.98, speed ratio=0.46. If the buckets deflect the incoming
jet through an angle of 1650, determine i) the number of jets as well as the diameter of each jet. ii) the
tangential force exerted by the jets on the buckets. P7.6

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