KAM-XM-SERIES

HD UDC/UPC/UNC/DNC/UGC MODULES

Instruction Manual

SOFTWARE VERSION 1.0.7.5

071833000
JUNE 2004
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2 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Module Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Supported Up/Down Conversion Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Quick Start Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Module Placement in the 2000 Frame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
KAM-XM-R Rear Module Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
GPI0 Connections for GPI Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Power Up and Module Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Configuration Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Up and Down Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Format Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Aspect Ratio Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Proc Amp Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Detail Enhance Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Noise Reduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Spike Filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Brickwall Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Temporal Recursive Filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Color Legalizer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
GPI and User Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Configuration Summary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Remote Control and Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Web Page Operations and Functional Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Status and Identification Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Links and Web Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Status Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
License Web Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Format Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Reference Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Aspect Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Proc Amp Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Detail Enhance Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Spike Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Brickwall Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Temporal Recursive Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Mosquito Web Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Advanced Aperture Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Color Legalizer Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Presets Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 3

Contents

GPI Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Slot Config Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Software Update Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Newton Control Panel Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Power-up Diagnostics Failure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Module Repair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Preface
About This Manual
This manual describes the features of a specific 2000 Series module in the
Kameleon Media Processing System. As part of this module family, it is
subject to Safety and Regulatory Compliance described in the 2000 Series
frame and power supply documentation (see the 2000 Series Frames Instruc-
tion Manual).

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 5

Preface

6 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

KAM-XM Series
Up/Down Conversion
Modules
Introduction
This manual covers installation, configuration and operation of the fol-
lowing Kameleon KAM-XM Series modules:
• KAM-XM-UDC – HDTV Up/Down Converter
• KAM-XM-UPC – HDTV High Quality Up Converter
• KAM-XM-UNC – HDTV Up Converter with Advanced SDTV Noise
Reduction
• KAM-XM-UCG – HDTV Character Generator Quality Up Converter
• KAM-XM-DNC – HDTV Down Converter

Module functionality is summarized in Table 1.

Table 1. KAM-XM Up and Down Converter Module Summary

Function KM-XM-UDC KM-XM-UPC KM-XM-UNC KM-XM-UGC KM-XM-DNC
Aspect Ratio Control X X X X X
Proc Amp Adjustments (for video processing) X X X X X
Color Space Conversion X X X X X
Detail Enhancement X X X X X
Spike Filter (Adaptive Median filtering) X X
Brickwall Filter X X
Temporal Recursive Filter (Auto or Manual mode) X X
GPI Control (3 external GPI inputs controlling presets) X X X X X
Color Legalizer Control X X X X X
First 2 audio groups of HD video are re-embedded into
X
SDI stream.
First 2 audio groups of SDTV video re-embedded into HD
X X
output stream with compensating delay.
Re-insertion of Closed Caption data into HD output
X X
stream.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 7

Module Descriptions

The KAM-XM Up/Down conversion series modules also feature:

• Proprietary Teranex™ PixelMotion™ De-interlacing,
• Support of SD and HD video with embedded audio, including
Dolby-E,
• Hot-swap capability,
• Operates in the same frame with other 2000 and Kameleon modules,
• Three external GPI inputs to trigger selectable Preset 1-10 registers,
• Network control with the Newton Control Panel or Kameleon web con-
trol, and
• Support of NetConfig™ configuration tool and NetCentral™
SNMP-based monitoring system.

Module Descriptions
Each KAM-XM module uses the same circuit board with the application
software enabled for the particular module type. The module type is iden-
tified by a sticker on the circuit board and the Model name is identified in
the web page header. For up/down conversion rates supported, refer to
Table 2 on page 9.

The modules described in this manual include the following:

• KAM-XM-UDC – supports broadcast quality up and down conversion
of SD and HD video with embedded audio with the standard conver-
sion controls. In addition, it also offers noise reduction controls with
adaptive median spike, brickwall, and temporal recursive filters. This
application utilizes de-interlacing on a pixel-by-pixel basis for pre-
serving fine detail from the original image. Down conversion offers an
anti-aliasing filter.
• KAM-XM-UNC – supports broadcast quality HD up conversion for
SDI video with or without embedded audio with the standard conver-
sion controls. In addition, this module also offers advanced noise
reduction with adaptive median spike, brickwall, and temporal recur-
sive filter controls. This application utilizes de-interlacing on a
pixel-by-pixel basis for preserving fine detail from the original image.
• KAM-XM-UPC – supports broadcast quality HD up conversion for SDI
video with or without embedded audio with the standard conversion
controls. This application utilizes de-interlacing on a pixel-by-pixel
basis for preserving fine detail from the original image.
• KAM-XM-UCG – a high quality SDTV character generator up con-
verter with the standard up conversion controls that performs de-inter-
lacing on a field by field basis depending on the amount of motion in
the material.

8 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Module Descriptions

• KAM-XM-DNC – this broadcast quality down converter application

also utilizes de-interlacing on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Once the image
has been de-interlaced and down converted, detail enhancement can be
applied to the image to further shape the output. The first two groups
of audio from the HD video are re-embedded into the standard defini-
tion SDI video signal.

Supported Up/Down Conversion Rates

The modules support the conversion rates summarized in Table 2.

Table 2. Format Conversion Input/Output Combinations

KAM-XM-
Input Format Output Format UNC UPC UCG DNC UDC
480i59.94 480i59.94 X X X X
480i59.94 720p59.94 X X X X
480i59.94 1080i59.94 X X X X
576i50 576i50 X X X X
576i50 720p50 X X X X
576i50 1080i50 X X X X
720p50 576i50 X X
720p59.94 480i59.94 X X
1080i50 576i50 X X
1080i59.94 480i59.94 X X

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 9

System Requirements

System Requirements
Operation of the KAM-XM modules in 2000 Series frames has the following
hardware and software requirements:
• Modules must be installed in a 2000T1DNG or 2000T3DNG Kameleon
2000 Series frame containing a a 2000GEN module.
• The frame must have a 2000NET module with assembly number
671-5231-01 or later running software version 3.2.2 or later.

Note These requirements are necessary for proper cooling support and interface
to the Newton Control Panel configuration, NetConfig and GUI control, and
SNMP monitoring.

Existing Kameleon frames can be upgraded with the necessary

modules and software for proper operation. Contact your sales repre-
sentative for more information.

All KAM-XM module sets require two vertical module slots of frame space.
Frame density for the 1 RU frame is two module sets and six module sets
for a fully stuffed 3 RU frame. Both dual and single height Kameleon and
2000 modules can be mixed in the frames.

10 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Quick Start Guide

Quick Start Guide

This Quick Start Guide is provided for an overview of installing the
KAM-XM modules. Each step gives you a link to a more detailed descrip-
tion of each process.

1. Install the KAM-XM modules in the 2000 Kameleon frame. Install the
XM-IO-1 Rear module first, then install the front module in the
corresponding front slot (Module Placement in the 2000 Frame on page 12).

2. Connect the 2000 frame to the network and navigate the web browser
to the frame. This process is described in detail in the 2000NET
Instruction Manual available on-line.

3. Navigate to the module you would like to configure and click on the
appropriate slot to access the module links (Links and Web Pages on
page 34).

4. Click on the Slot Config link on the left side of the page (Slot Config Web
Page on page 52). This page allows you to assign a name to this module.
Assigning easily recognizable names will help later in the configuration
process.

5. Cable the rear module signal connections (Cabling on page 15).

6. Configure the input and output formats on the Format web page
(Format Web Page on page 38).

7. Configure the Reference source on the Reference web page (Reference

Web Page on page 39). Select the type of reference from either the input
signal or an external reference (2000GEN module installed in the 2000
frame).

8. Continue with module configuration depending on the module type.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 11

Installation

Installation
Installation of a KAM-XM module set is a process of:
• Placing the KAM-XM rear module in a frame slot,
• Placing the front media module in the corresponding front slot, and
• Cabling signal ports.

Module Placement in the 2000 Frame

There are twelve slot locations in both the front and rear of a Kameleon
3 RU frame to accommodate KAM-XM modules. A KAM-XM module set
consists of a front media module and a dual height rear module that
requires two module slots.

Each KAM-XM front media module plugs into the front of the 2000 frame
mid-plane. The rear module plugs into the corresponding rear slot to
provide the input and output interface connectors.

A 3 RU 2000T3 frame fully stuffed with KAM-XM front and rear modules
will accommodate up to six module sets. A 1 RU 2000T1 frame will accom-
modate up to 2 module sets.

The KAM-XM front and rear module can be plugged in and removed from
a Kameleon 2000 Series frame with power on. When power is applied to the
module, LED indicators reflect the initialization process (see Power Up on
page 11).

To install a KAM-XM module set in the frame:

1. For fully stuffing a 3 RU frame with KAM-XM modules, locate a vacant

slot in slot 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 of the rear of the frame (Figure 1 on
page 13). The rear module uses two slots.

Note This configuration (using slots 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) is only suggested when fully
stuffing the frame with KAM-XM modules. There are no restrictions on which
slot to use as long as there is room in the frame. You may use any two slots
(odd or even numbered) for a KAM-XM module with any Kameleon or 2000
module combination.

12 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Installation

Figure 1. Fully Stuffed 3 RU Frame, Rear View

Mid-frame motherboard
with power and
communication buses

Slot 2
Slot 8

Slot 4
Slot 10

Slot 6
Slot 12

8330_05
Use rear media module slots 8, 10, and 12 Use rear media module slots 2, 4, and 6

2. Insert the rear module into vacant rear slot 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 of the
frame as illustrated in Figure 2.

3. Verify that the module connector seats properly against the midplane.

4. Using a crossblade screwdriver, tighten the two screw locks to secure

the module in the frame.

Figure 2. Installing KAM_XM Rear Module

2000 frame (rear view)
Board edge guides
(both sides)

Alignment post
and receptacle
Screw locks
(both sides)

RS-232 OUT1 OUT2 IN LOOP

GP10
8330_03

J7 J5 J5 J4 J2 J1

5. Locate the front slot 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 in the frame corresponding to the

rear module circuit board. The 3 RU frame front view is illustrated in
Figure 3. Module slots where the KAM-XM should be installed are
highlighted in gray for a fully stuffed 2000 frame.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 13

Installation

Figure 3. 2000 Series 3 RU Frame, Front Slots

(1) (7)

(2) (8)

(3) (9)

(4) (10)

(5) (11)

(6) (12)

Install Front Media modules

8330_01
into slots 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12.

6. With the component side up, insert the front media module in the
corresponding front slot (see Figure 4).

7. Verify that the module connector seats properly against the midplane
and rear module connector.

8. Press firmly on both ejector tabs to seat the module.

Figure 4. Installing Front Media Module

2000 Frame (front view)
Alignment post and receptacle

Board edge Board edge

guides guides

8330-10

KAM-XM

14 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Installation

Cabling
All cabling to the KAM-XM module set is done on the corresponding Dual
Height KAM-XM-R rear module (XM-IO-1) at the back of the 2000 frame.

KAM-XM-R Rear Module Connections

Refer to Figure 5 for an illustration of the KAM-XM rear module.
The KAM-XM rear module provides the following input and output and
control connections.
• IN (BNC)– a serial digital input that may be either standard definition
(SD) or high definition (HD) video depending on the front module
type.
• LOOP (BNC)– provides an output for the input signal to be looped to
another destination.
• OUT1 (BNC)– this serial digital output connection can be either SD or
HD depending on the front module type and the output format
selected.
• OUT2 (BNC)– this serial digital output connection can be either SD or
HD depending on the front module type and the output format
selected.
• RS-232 Port (DB-9, Male) – this serial port allows a direct interface to the
module for testing and configuration purposes. This port is not nor-
mally used.
• GPI0 Port (DB-9, Female) – this port allows connection of external GPI
(General Purpose Interface) signals to the module as described in GPI0
Connections for GPI Control on page 17.

Figure 5. KAM-XM Rear Module Input/Output Connectors

XM-IO-1

RS-232 OUT1 OUT2 IN LOOP

GPI0

8330_02
J7 J6 J5 J4 J2 J1

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 15

Installation

KAM-XM-UPC
For a KAM-XM-UPC HDTV Up Converter, connect the SD signal to be up
converted to the IN (J2) BNC. Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1) BNC to
another destination if required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the HDTV device.

KAM-XM-UDC
For a KAM-XM-UDC HDTV Up/Down Converter, connect the SD signal
to be up converted or the HD signal to be down converted to the IN (J2)
BNC. Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1) BNC to another destination if
required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the HDTV device if up con-
verting or the SDTV device if down converting.

KAM-XM-UNC
For a KAM-XM-UNC HDTV Up Converter with advanced SDTV noise
reduction, connect the SD signal to be up converted to the IN (J2) BNC.
Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1) BNC to another destination if required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the HDTV device.

KAM-XM-UCG
For a KAM-XM-UCG HDTV Character Generator Up Converter, connect
the SD signal to be up converted to the IN (J2) BNC. Loop the signal from
the LOOP (J1) BNC to another destination if required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the HDTV device.

KAM-XM-DNC
For a KAM-XM-DNC Down Converter, connect the HDTV signal to be
down converted to the IN (J2) BNC. Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1)
BNC to another destination if required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the SDTV device.

16 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Installation

GPI0 Connections for GPI Control

The KAM-XM modules can receive up to three General Purpose Interface
(GPI) external triggers to automatically activate specific user presets con-
figured on the GPI (page 51) and Presets web pages (page 50). Cus-
tomer-supplied external GPI triggers are wired through connector J6
(GPIO) on the rear module.

Inputs to the GPI are held high and expect a contact closure to ground to
activate the programmed presets. There is a 100 mA maximum sink to
ground.

Table 3 provides pinouts for the GPI I/O control port, connector J6.

Table 3. Connector GP10 Wiring for GPI Control

GPIO Control Pin Connector J6
1 GPI Input 1
2 GPI Input 2
Pin 1 Pin 5
3 GPI Input 3
D-9 Female
4 Reserved
5 System Ground
6 System Ground
7 Not Connected

8330_12
Pin 6 Pin 9 8 Reserved
9 Reserved

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 17

Power Up and Module Status

Power Up and Module Status

The front LED indicators are illustrated in Figure 6.

Upon power-up, the green PWR LED should light.

Note The KAM-XM module will take approximately 25 seconds to boot up.

Refer to Table 4 on page 19 to see a complete list of possible operating con-

ditions and the resulting indicator status.

Figure 6. Front Edge LEDs Indicators

FAULT (red)
FAULT
COMM (yellow)
COMM

CONF CONF (yellow)

PWR
+3.3 PWR +3.3 (green)
GND

SEQ
ACT SEQ ACT (green)
TC
PRSNT TC PRSNT (green)
AUD
PRSNT AUD PRSNT (green)
FRM
LOCK FRM LOCK (green)
FBREF
ERR FBREF ERR (red)
UCREF
ERR UCREF ERR (red)
OFF
ERR OFF ERR (red)
IFF
ERR IFF ERR (red)
VOLT
TRIP VOLT TRIP (red)
CH2
STAT
CH1
STAT CH1 STAT (yellow)
RESET RESET (green)

8269_07

18 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Power Up and Module Status

A red FAULT LED indicates an error situation and, when noted with the
other indicator LEDs, can indicate a specific problem area. Table 4 describes
signal output and LED indications for the various input combinations and
user settings.

Table 4. Indicator LEDs and Conditions Indicated

LED Indication Condition
Off Normal operation.
Module has detected an Optic 1 or Optic 2 internal fault from the submodule or a write failure has
FAULT On continuously
occurred on the front module.
(red)
No input is detected for the input or the input does not match the format selected manually, no rear
Long flash
module is present, or the wrong rear module is present.
Off No activity on frame communication bus.
COMM
3 Short Flashes Location Command received by the module from a remote control system.
(yellow)
Short flash Activity present on the frame communication bus.
CONF On Module is initializing, changing operating modes, or updating firmware.
(yellow) Off Module is in normal operating mode.
PWR +3.3 Off No power to module, fuse blown, or module’s DC/DC converter failed.
(green) On continuously Normal operation, module is powered.
Off Input video not detected or PLL unlocked.
SEQ ACT
(green) Normal operation, Sequencer Active LED should be blinking to Indicate good video input and PLLs
Blinking
locked.
TC PRSNT Off No timecode or bad timecode.
(green) On Good timecode is detected.
AUD PRSNT Off No embedded audio detected.
(green) On Embedded audio detected.
FRM LOCK Off Input to output frame rates are not locked.
(green) On Normal operation, input to output frame rates are locked.
FBREF ERR Off No FrameBuilder refresh error detected.
(yellow) On FrameBuffer refresh error detected, output could be corrupted such as bad output image.
UCREF ERR Off No Microcode refresh error detected.
(yellow) On Microcode refresh error detected, Microcode memory could be corrupted.
OFF ERR Off Normal operation, no Output FIFO underflow/overflow error detected.
(yellow) On Output FIFO underflow/overflow error condition detected.
IFF ERR Off Normal operation, no input FIFO underflow/overflow error condition detected.
(yellow) On Input FIFO is detecting underflow/overflow error condition.
VOLT TRIP Off Normal state, no under voltage trip detected.
(yellow) On Under voltage trip detected, one or more supply voltages is below specification.
CH1 STAT Off No input detected or bad input.
(green) On Normal operation, good input detected.
RESET Off Normal operation, board is not in Reset mode.
(red) On Module is in reset mode, including FPGA configuration sequence.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 19

Configuration

Configuration
The KAM-XM modules are configured remotely using the 2000NET
network interface GUI and/or a networked Newton Control Panel.

Refer to the following sections for configuration instructions:

• Configuration Summary (page 20)
• Remote Control and Monitoring Web Pages (page 30)
• Newton Control Panel Configuration (page 55)

Operation of these control types is explained in detail in their respective

sections of this manual.

Before configuration, verify that system requirements have been met as

described in System Requirements on page 10.

Configuration Summary
This section provides a summary of all available filters and controls that
can be adjusted on the KAM-XM module. Use this section for a summary
of what adjustments can be made. Table 5 on page 27 provides a summary
in table format of all controls and their ranges, default values, and remote
and control panel function names and locations for setting each value.

Up and Down Conversion

Up and down conversion in today’s facilities is required for interconnec-
tion between video formats that have different numbers of pixels/line,
lines/field, and in some cases, a different number of fields or
frames/second. This interconnection requires the use of up and down
format conversion devices.

Up conversion involves a three dimensional process for dealing with con-

version of a moving image. Moving images exist in three dimensions. The
horizontal dimension is made up of individual pixels. The vertical dimen-
sion is made up of lines contained in the field or frame. These exist in what
is referred to as the spatial domain. The number of fields or frames per
second is known as the temporal domain.

Generally, the process of up conversion deals with changing the number of

pixels and lines in a format (spatial domain). This process is a form of
sample rate conversion. One main issue with this process is that of resolu-
tion. Resolution cannot be created so the resolution of the original input
signal must be carefully recovered and passed to the up converted output.

20 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Configuration

This is done by a process of de-interlacing the input signal so that the full
vertical detail of the input is retained. On the KAM-XM modules this is
basically accomplished by using an enhanced version of motion compen-
sated de-interlacing which generates a motion vector for every pixel in the
image.

In the process of up conversion, several factors must be addressed and the

following controls are provided on the modules for these considerations:

Format Conversion
The video input to the module and the video output from the module can
be selected as desired. On the Format Conversion web page (Figure 19 on
page 38), the currently detected input is reported, the desired format pull-
down is available and the status of the desired conversion format is
reported as available.

The available input/output format combinations are summarized in

Table 2 on page 9.

Aspect Ratio Modes

Most SD material is in a 4:3 aspect ratio while HD material is 16:9. Aspect
ratio in this case refers to the ratio of an image width to height, not related
to image size. The effect of aspect ratio in up conversion (4:3 to 16:9) is a
process of cropping, stretching, or squeezing the image. To address these
issues, the module provides a control for selecting one of three standard
aspect ratio conversion options:
• Anamorphic – this mode is designed to be used with material originally
captured with an anamorphic lens. It ensures that the top and bottom
edges of the input aspect ratio match the top and bottom edges of the
output aspect ratio. When used with standard 4:3 material, it will have
the effect of stretching the material horizontally as illustrated in
Figure 7. This results in a distortion of the geometry of the image, par-
ticularly causing circles to appear as ovals when present in the image.

Figure 7. 16:9 Anamorphic Mode

4:3 Original 16:9 conversion with horizontal stretch

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 21

Configuration

• Common Top & Bottom – this mode ensures that the top and bottom
edges of the input image match the top and bottom edges of the output
aspect ratio. A 4:3 image set to this mode will appear centered in a 16:9
display with black bars, or pillars (pillarbox), on the left and right sides
as illustrated in Figure 8.

Figure 8. Common Top and Bottom Mode

• Common Side (Common Left & Right) – this mode ensures that the left
and right edges of the input image match the left and right edge of the
output aspect ratio. As illustrated in the Anamorphic example (Figure 7
on page 21), for a 4:3 image, the left and right edges are stretched to
match the left and right edges of the output.
In order to maintain correct geometry of the image, in Common Side
mode the input image is stretched vertically as well, creating a zoom
effect (Figure 9). This method results in correct geometry of the image
but also results in overall loss of approximately 33% of the input infor-
mation in the vertical domain. This loss of information means less ver-
tical information is available to the interpolation process resulting in
lowering the overall resolution of the output image.

Figure 9. Common Sides Mode

Stretched
vertically

22 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Configuration

Other aspect ratio controls include the following:

• Zoom Crop – when turned on, will zoom the image by 3 pixels and then
crop the image by 3 pixels. This corrects issues that arise on the top or
bottom edge or on the left or right side of an image.
• Edge Trim – this control adjust the amount of border cropping in the X
and Y directions. It is adjustable from 0-50 or 0-20 pixels, depending on
the conversion currently in use.
• Fill Shade – this control is used when input the aspect ratio is smaller
than the output aspect ratio and there are areas in the output display
that are filled with black. The Fill Shade control adjusts the luminance
level (Y) and color (Cb and Cr) of these areas from 64 (digital black) to
940 (digital white).

Proc Amp Controls

Proc Amp controls are provided for making adjustments to the output
video signal. Each Proc Amp function must be enabled before adjustments
can be made.

The following Proc Amp controls are available:

• Video Gain – sets the overall amplitude with a range of ± 6 dB.
• Black Level – adjusts the black level with a range of ± 30 IRE.
• Hue – adjusts the phase with a range of ± 9 degrees.
• Saturation – adjusts the chroma saturation with a range of ± 6 dB.

Detail Enhance Controls

Once the image has been de-interlaced and up converted, detail enhance-
ment can be applied to the image to further sharpen the output detail. This
process utilizes an industry standard film compositing technique called
unsharp masking. The filtering process adds an additional level of image
detail by detecting the edges of objects and adjusting the contrast ratio
around these objects to help separate them from the background. This edge
sharpening filter allows for both positive and negative aperture correction.

The following user adjustable controls are available in Detail Enhance:

• Horizontal – enabling the horizontal control allows the user to soften or
sharpen the horizontal detail in the image. The range of this control is
± 7.0 dB.
• Vertical – enabling the vertical control allows the user to soften or
sharpen the vertical detail in the image. The range of this control is
± 7.0 dB.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 23

Configuration

Noise Reduction
Two of the modules covered in this manual (KAM-XM-UNC – Up Con-
verter with Noise Reduction and KAM-XM-UDC– Up/Down Converter)
provide the additional noise filtering and reduction controls described
below.

Spike Filtering
This is an adaptive median filter that works well in removing random
impulse noise. This type of filtering performs spatial processing to deter-
mine which pixels in an image have been affected by impulse noise. The
adaptive median filter classifies pixels as noise by comparing each pixel in
the image to its surrounding neighbor pixels. The size of the neighborhood
is adjustable, as well as the threshold for the comparison.

A pixel that is different from a majority of its neighbors, as well as being not
structurally aligned with those pixels to which it is similar, is labeled as
impulse noise. These noise pixels are then replaced by the median pixel
value of the pixels in the neighborhood that have passed the noise labeling
test. This results in a prime benefit of not eroding edges or other small
structures in the image with repeated application of the adaptive median
filter.

This type of filtering provides controls for setting the adaptive threshold of
the luminance and the chroma channels. The filter must be enabled to allow
processing.

Brickwall Filtering
This is a low pass filter with a sharp cutoff. This type of high-order low pass
filter attenuates high frequencies (image detail) while leaving low fre-
quency information unaffected. Impulse and Gaussian noise contain high
frequency components and will be diminished with this filter is on.

This filter is primarily intended for pre-compression processing, to atten-

uate high frequency information that will normally be quantized away in
the compression process. When used for pre-compression, it can improve
the efficiency and quality of the compression process. By controlling the
manner in which the detail is removed, compression artifacts can be mini-
mized. A boost can be applied after the brickwall filter to accentuate the
remaining edges in the filtered image.

One of the benefits of removing high frequency noise before compression

is that there are more bits to spend when generating the compressed stream
since there is less information to compress. In addition, the potential for
loss of desirable information due to the compression of small details is
decreased, resulting in a more consistent output.

24 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Configuration

Controls for this filter type include the following:

• Enable – the filter must be enabled.
• Boost – sets the amount of amplitude prior to the cutoff frequency. This
boosting of the amplitudes gives the appearance of sharpening in the
image to help compensate for blurring that occurs when filtering out
high frequency information.
• Cutoff – sets the cutoff frequency so that information greater than this
value will be filtered. Information less than the cutoff value will be left
alone.
• Direction Control – allows setting the filter to affect both the horizontal
and vertical axes or just the horizontal or vertical axis.

Temporal Recursive Filtering

This noise reducer is a motion adaptive temporal recursive filter that works
well in removing random and Gaussian noise. Each pixel in the filter
process is labeled as motion, no motion, or noise.

Each of these classes of pixels is treated differently in the noise reduction

process as follows:
• For pixels in which there is no motion, low Gaussian noise may be
reduced via temporal processing by a weighted averaging over succes-
sive frames.
• For pixels labeled as random noise, spatial processing replaces these
pixels.
• Pixels labeled as being in motion are left as is to avoid artifacts that may
be introduced through temporal processing.

Controls for temporal filtering include the following:

• Enable – the filter must be enabled.
• Red Overlay – when turned on, the filter superimposes a red overlay
onto areas in the input image where the temporal recursive filter iden-
tifies motion. This red overlay will display what area is not being fil-
tered.
• Auto – when Auto mode is turned on, a feedback controller is engaged
that dynamically sets the distance, no motion, and motion slider con-
trols based on noise and motion measurements. The pixels determined
to be in motion will be shown in red as shown in Figure 10 on page 26.
These pixels will not have any noise reduction applied to them.
The Bias control in Auto mode adjusts the noise set point in the tem-
poral recursive controller. The higher the bias, the more aggressive the
controller is towards the noise in the scene. The lower the bias setting,
the more sensitive the controller is towards motion in the scene.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 25

Configuration

• Manual mode – when Auto mode is turned off, the temporal recursive
filter is in Manual mode. This will activate a number of controls for
manual temporal filtering.
The Distance control is set to determine the sensitivity to motion
between the current frame and historical frames. This threshold repre-
sents a percentage of the current pixel value that the historical pixel
value must be within in order to be considered unchanged. Therefore,
a setting of zero would detect motion at every pixel, applying no fil-
tering occurring. A setting of 40 would be less sensitive to motion, tem-
porally filtering every pixel which could result in blurring or any
objects or areas that are in motion. If the Distance control is set too low,
too little filtering may occur, whereas, if set too high, too much filtering
will be applied.
The No Motion control sets the historical weighting factor for areas in the
frame where no motion has been detected. A setting of 100% forces the
filter to use only historical data in areas where no motion has been
detected. A setting of zero forces the filter to use only current data in
areas where no motion has been detected.
The Motion control sets the historical weighting factor for areas in the
frame where motion has been detected. A setting of 100% forces the
filter to use only historical data in areas where motion has been
detected. A setting of zero forces the filter to use only current data in
areas where motion has been detected.

Figure 10. Temporal Recursive Filter Red Overlay

Red Overlay showing

pixels in motion

26 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Configuration

Color Legalizer
Color legalizer controls are provided to set the upper and lower limits for
luma and chroma values to be within legal limits for broadcasting and
downstream equipment.

Each luma and chroma value is a 10-bit value making the minimum limit 0
and the maximum limit 1019. High and low luma and chroma limit con-
trols are provided for setting the upper and lower limits that the module
will output. By default, these controls will cut off values outside of the legal
range.

GPI and User Controls

Configuration is provided for setting up GPI triggers from external
devices. Up to ten different module preset configurations can be defined
then assigned to the three external GPIs or recalled on the Preset web page.

Configuration Summary Table

Table 5 provides a complete summary of the KAM-XM functions and a
comparison of the functionality available with each control type along with
the ranges and default values for each parameter.

Table 5. Summary of KAM-XM Configuration Functions

Function Range/Choices Web Page/ Newton Notes/
Default
Type Resolution Function Name Panel Conditions
480i59.94
Up Converter: 576i50
480i59.94 720p50 Format Conversion/
Format Conversion Input InDesired
Down Converter: 720p59.94 Input pulldown
720p50 1080i50
1080i59.94
Format Conversion/
Current Input Format 480i59.94 See list above InCurrent
Current read-only report
Current
Format Conversion/ input/output for-
Input Available – Yes or No InAvailable
Input Current read-only mat and availabil-
ity for selected
Up Converter:
formats are
480i59.94 Format Conversion/
Format Conversion Output See list above OutDesired reported as
Down Converter: Output pulldown
read-only
576i50
Format Conversion/
Current Output Format 480i59.94 See list above InCurrent
Current read-only report
Format Conversion/
Output Available – Yes or No Available
Output Current read-only
Format/
Apply Formats selected – – Apply
Apply button
Reference/
Reference Input Input or External Ref –
Reference pulldown

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 27

Configuration

Table 5. Summary of KAM-XM Configuration Functions

Function Range/Choices Web Page/ Newton Notes/
Default
Type Resolution Function Name Panel Conditions
Anamorphic,
Aspect/
Current Aspect Anamorphic Common Top or Aspect –
Current Aspect pulldown
Common Side
Aspect/
Zoom Crop Off On or Off Crop
Zoom Crop checkbox
0-50 pixels Aspect/ XTrim
Edge Trim – X or Y Trim 0 pixels
0-20 pixels Edge Trim X or Y Trim control YTrim Aspect controls
FillY
Aspect/
Fill Shade – Y/Cb/Cr Channels 64 64-940 FillCb
Fill Shade Y, Cb or Cr control
FillCr
ProcAmp/
Video Gain Enable Off On or Off GainEn
Video Gain Enabled checkbox Control must be
ProcAmp/ enabled
Video Gain 0 dB ± 6.0 dB Gain
Video Gain control
ProcAmp/
Black Level Enable Off On or Off BlackEn
Black Level Enabled checkbox Control must be
ProcAmp/ enabled
Black Level 0 IRE ± 30 IRE Black
Black Level control
ProcAmp/
Hue Enable Off On or Off HueEn
Hue Enabled checkbox Control must be
ProcAmp/ enabled
Hue 0 degrees ± 9.0 degrees Hue
Hue control
ProcAmp/
Saturation Enable Off On or Off SaturEn
Saturation Enabled checkbox Control must be
ProcAmp/ enabled
Saturation 0 dB ± 6 dB Satur
Saturation control
Horizontal Detail Enhance Detail Enhance/
Off On or Off EnhHorEn
Enable Horizontal Enable checkbox Control must be
Detail Enhance/ enabled
Horizontal Detail Enhance 0 dB ± 7 dB EnhHorDB
Horizontal (dB) control
Detail Enhance/
Vertical Detail Enhance Enable Off On or Off EnhVerEn
Vertical Enable checkbox Control must be
Detail Enhance/ enabled
Vertical Detail Enhance 0 dB ± 7 dB EnhVerDB
Vertical control
Color Legalizer/
Luma Limit High 4 4 - 1019 Color Legalizer Levels/
Luma Limit High control
Color Legalizer/
Luma Limit Low 979 4 - 979 Color Legalizer Levels/
Luma Limit Low control
N/A –
Color Legalizer/
Chroma Limit High 4 4 - 1019 Color Legalizer Levels/
Chroma Limit High control
Color Legalizer/
Chroma Limit Low 979 4 - 979 Color Legalizer Levels/
Chroma Limit Low control

28 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Configuration

Table 5. Summary of KAM-XM Configuration Functions

Function Range/Choices Web Page/ Newton Notes/
Default
Type Resolution Function Name Panel Conditions
Available on KAM-XM-UDC and KAM-XM-UNC only:
Spike/
Spike filter enable Off On or Off SpikeEn
Enable pulldown Control must be
Spike/ enabled
Spike Luma/Chroma control 90% 1 - 100% SpkLuma
Luma/Chroma control
Brickwall/
Brickwall filter enable Off On or Off BrickEn
Enable pulldown
Brickwall/
Brickwall Boost control 0 dB 0 - 4 dB Boost
Boost control
0.9, 1.0, 1.25, 1.50,
1.75, 2.0, 2.25, 2.5, Control must be
2.75, 3.0, 3.25, 3.5, Brickwall/ enabled
Brickwall Cutoff 3.5 MHz Cutoff
3.75, 4.0, 4.25, 4.5, Cutoff control
4.75, 5.0, 5.25, 5.5
MHz
Horizontal & Vertical
Brickwall/
Brickwall direction Horizontal & Vertical Horizontal Dir
Direction pulldown
Vertical
Temporal Recursive/
Temporal Recusive filter enable Off On or Off RcrsvEn –
Enable pulldown
Temporal Recursive/
Temporal Recursive Red Overlay Off On or Off RedOvEn –
Red Overlay pulldown
Temporal Recursive/
Temporal Recursive Auto On On or Off Auto –
Auto pulldown
Temporal Recursive/
Temporal Recursive Bias 0 ±6 Bias Auto mode only
Auto pulldown
Temporal Recursive/
Temporal Recursive Distance 15% 0 - 40% Distance
Distance control
Temporal Recursive/ Motion Manual mode
Temporal Recursive No Motion 50% 0 - 100%
No Motion control (PID 1096) only (Auto off)
Temporal Recursive/
Temporal Recursive Motion 0% 0 - 100% NoMotion
Motion control

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 29

Remote Control and Monitoring

Remote Control and Monitoring

KAM-XM module remote control and monitoring is performed remotely
through the web GUI (see Figure 11 on page 31) or the Newton control
panel.

This section describes the GUI access to the module configuration func-
tions. For Newton Control Panel control, refer to Newton Control Panel Con-
figuration on page 55.

Refer to the 2000NET Network Interface Module Instruction Manual for

information on setting up and operating the 2000 frame network.

Note The physical appearance of the menu displays shown in this manual repre-
sent the use of a particular platform, browser and version of 2000NET
module software. They are provided for reference only. Displays will differ
depending on the type of platform and browser you are using and the version
of the 2000NET software installed in your system. This manual reflects
2000NET version 3.2.2.

The 2000 and Kameleon modules can be addressed by clicking on a specific

module icon in the frame status display or on a module name or slot
number in the link list on the left.

Use the Refresh button to update the web page.

30 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Figure 11. 2000 Frame GUI

The Links section lists the frame and its current modules. The selected link's Status
page is first displayed and the sub-list of links for the selection is opened. The sub-list
allows you to select a particular information page for the selected device.
Content display section displays the information page
for the selected frame or module (frame slot icons are also
active links).
Refresh button for manual
update of page

8330_11

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 31

Remote Control and Monitoring

Web Page Operations and Functional Elements

Pulldown Menus
The following conventions and functional elements (shown at left) are used
in KAM-XM web page operations. (The examples shown throughout this
manual represent 2000NET software version 3.2.2 or later):

Check box
• Pulldown menus are used in many cases to make parameter choices.
• Check boxes are used when a selection can be enabled or disabled.
Refresh button
• A Refresh button (circular arrow) is provided for manual refresh of the
Coarse adjust web page to view recently changed parameters.
• Each numerical adjustment control has a Coarse adjust button (left and
right outside double arrow) and a Fine adjust button (left and right
inside single arrow).
Fine adjust
To change a value, use the arrow button controls or enter a value into
Apply button
the number field and select the Apply button. You may also enter a
number into the number field from a keyboard and hit the Enter key to
apply the value.
Status LED • The Status LED is explained below.

Status and Identification Headers

Each configuration web page has a Status and Identification Header.

Status LED icon

The Status LED icon reports communication status for the frame slot and is
a link to the module Status page where Warnings and Faults are displayed.
LED colors indicate:
• Green = Pass – no problems detected
• Yellow = Configuration error warning
• Red = Fault condition detected

Variables:
• Model and Description are read-only generated by the module.
• Frame Location is entered in 2000 Series Frame configuration.
• Slot number reports the module’s location in the frame.

An example of the Status page for each of the modules covered in this
manual are shown in Figure 12 (UDC), Figure 13 (UPC), Figure 14 (UNC),
Figure 15 (UCG), and Figure 16 (DNC).

32 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Figure 12. KAM-XM-UDC Status Header

Figure 13. KAM-XM-UPC Status Header

Figure 14. KAM-XM-UNC Status Header

Figure 15. KAM-XM-UCG Status Header

Figure 16. KAM-XM-DNC Status Header

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 33

Remote Control and Monitoring

Links and Web Pages

The Kameleon 2000 GUI provides the following links (see graphic at left) to
configuration web pages for all of the modules covered in this manual
unless otherwise specified:
• Status – reports input signal status and module information (page 35)
• License – reports the module type (page 37)
• Format – provides controls for setting input and output format
(page 38)
• Reference – provides controls for selecting the video reference for the
module (page 39)
• Aspect – provides aspect ratio conversion options (page 40)
• ProcAmp – provides processing amplifier controls (page 42)
• Detail Enhance – provides horizontal and vertical detail enhancement
controls (page 43)
• The following web pages are available only with KAM-XM-UNC and
KAM-XM-UDC modules:
• Spike – provides adaptive median filter for random noise removal
(page 44)
• Brickwall – provides a low pass filter with a sharp cutoff for
impulse and gaussian noise conditions (page 45)
• Temporal Recursive – provides a motion adaptive filter for
removing random and gaussian noise (page 46)
• Mosquito – is not available in this application (page 48)
• Advanced Aperture – is not available in this application (page 48)
• Color Legalizer – provides luma and chroma high and low limit con-
trols for setting legal color limits (page 49)
• Presets – provides ten Preset registers for store and recall of module
configuration (page 50)
• GPI – enable and assign Preset registers to GPI Inputs 1-3 for external
recall (page 51)
• Slot Config – provides Slot ID and Memory functions, Frame Health
reporting and SNMP reporting enable/disable controls (page 52)
• Software Update – gives software update information (page 54).

A summary of all configuration value ranges, defaults, and control types is

given in Table 5 on page 27.

34 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Status Web Page

Use The Status web page (Figure 17 on page 36) reports status of the following
this module functions:
link
Inputs
Status for the input video and the reference source is reported as GOOD or
LOST.

Identification
The Identification section lists the following information about the module:
• Part Number
• Serial Number
• Board ID
• License Tag

Version
The Version section lists currently loaded video and audio firmware and
software information.

Component Download Status

The current software version is listed in the Component Download Status
Area for all download components. The version for each of these compo-
nents should be the same.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 35

Remote Control and Monitoring

Figure 17. KAM-XM Status Web Page

36 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

License Web Page

The License web page (Figure 18) displays read-only values for identifying
Use the License Tag and Key and the type of module in the Licensed Packages
this area.
link
Note This information is set at the factory to determine module type and options.

Figure 18. KAM-XM License Web Page

Module version

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 37

Remote Control and Monitoring

Format Web Page

The Format web page (Figure 19) provides the controls for selecting the
Input and Output format for the module. Possible input and output for-
Use mats, as well as the defaults for an up and down converter are summarized
this in Table 2 on page 9.
link
Format Conversion
In the Format Conversion display the Current input and output format are
displayed. To change the input, use the Input Desired pulldown and select
the format. If it is available a Yes will appear in the Available column.

Note Changing the input or output format will cause the module to reload the appli-
cation. This will take approximately 60 seconds and a reloading message will
appear during this time. Select the Refresh button at the top of the page to
see the new settings after this time has elapsed.

Select the Apply button to set the values.

Note All possible input and output values will be listed and can be selected in the
pulldowns. If the value does not apply to the application it will be reported as
not available.

Figure 19. KAM-XM Format Web Page.

38 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Reference Web Page

The Reference web page (Figure 20) provides the controls for selecting the
video reference for the module.

Use Use the following controls to set input and output format:
this
link Reference – set the module reference to either Input (from the currently
selected video input) or External (from the 2000GEN module in the frame).

Bad Video Input – when the Ignore checkbox is selected, the module will not
perform an application restart and will only lose the output for 2 frames.
Under normal circumstances if a video switch/error occurs in the input
SDI signal, the module will perform an application restart to recover,
resulting in a 3 second loss of video output.

Note This mode requires that the source and frame be synchronized via an external
reference.

Figure 20. KAM-XM Reference Web Page

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 39

Remote Control and Monitoring

Aspect Web Page

The Aspect web page (Figure 21 on page 41) provides the controls for
selecting the aspect ratio mode for the module.
Use
this Current Aspect
link Set the desired Aspect mode to one of the following:
• Anamorphic
• Common Side (Common Left & Right)
• Common Top & Bottom

Note Changing the aspect from Common Sides or to Common Sides will cause the
module to reload the application. This will take approximately 60 seconds and
the module will display a message stating that the application is reloading.
Select the Refresh button to see the new settings after this time has elapsed.

Refer toAspect Ratio Modes on page 21 for an overview for setting the aspect
ratio mode.

Zoom/Crop
This control when enabled by checking the On checkbox, zooms the image
by 3 pixels and then crops the image by 3 pixels. This allows correction of
issues that occur on the top and bottom or left and right edges of an image.

Edge Trim
Use the X Trim and Y Trim controls to adjust the amount of border cropping
in pixels in the X and Y directions performed on the image.

Fill Shade
When the input aspect ratio is smaller than the output aspect ratio there are
areas in the output display filled with black. The Fill Shade controls adjust
the luminance (Y) and color (Cb and Cr) of the black display areas.

40 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Figure 21. KAM-XM Aspect Web Page

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 41

Remote Control and Monitoring

Proc Amp Web Page

The Proc Amp web page (Figure 22) provides the controls for adjusting the
video processing parameters for the output of the module. Ranges and
default values are summarized in Table 5 on page 27.
Use
this Each control must be enabled by checking the Enabled checkbox.
link
Enter the desired value by selecting the Apply button or use a keyboard to
enter a value and select the Enter key.

Use the Proc Amp controls to set the following parameters:

Video Gain – sets the overall amplitude of the output video signal from
± 6 dB.

Black Level – adjusts the black level of the video output signal ±30 IRE.

Hue – adjusts the phase of the output video signal ± 9 degrees.

Saturation – adjusts the chroma saturation of the output video signal ± 6 dB.

Figure 22. KAM-XM ProcAmp Web Page

42 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Detail Enhance Web Page

The Detail Enhance web page (Figure 23) provides the controls for deter-
mining the amount of detail enhancement applied to the signal.
Use Each control must be enabled by checking the Enable checkbox.
this
link Enter the desired value by selecting the Apply button or use a keyboard to
enter a value and select the Enter key.

Use the following controls to perform detail enhancement:

Horizontal – this control is used to soften or sharpen the horizontal detail in

the image (± 6 dB).

Vertical – this control is used to soften or sharpen the vertical detail in the
image (± 6 dB).

Figure 23. KAM-XM Detail Enhance Web Page

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 43

Remote Control and Monitoring

Spike Web Page

The Spike web page (Figure 24) is active only on the KAM-XM-UNC and
KAM-XM-UDC modules.
Use This web page provides noise reduction with an adaptive median filter that
this works well in reducing random impulse noise. Refer to Spike Filtering on
link page 24 for a discussion of the Spike filter.

Enable the control by selecting the On selection in the Enable pulldown.

Luma & Chroma – sets the adaptive threshold of the filter in the luminance
and chrominance channels. This threshold represents a percentage of the
central pixel value that surrounding neighbors must be within in order to
be considered similar. Setting the filter to 100 (maximum) forces the filter
on for every pixel, resulting in a standard median filter being applied to the
entire luminance and chrominance channels.

Figure 24. KAM-XM Spike Web Page

44 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Brickwall Web Page

The Brickwall web page (Figure 25) is active only on the KAM-XM-UNC
and KAM-XM-UDC modules.

Use This web page provides noise reduction by using a low pass filter with a
this sharp cutoff to attenuate high frequencies. This type of filter is best for
link diminishing Gaussian and impulse noise. Refer to Brickwall Filtering on
page 24 for a discussion on using the Brickwall filter.

Enable the control by selecting On in the Enable pulldown then use the fol-
lowing controls for the Brickwall filter:

Boost – sets the amount of boosting in dB of amplitudes prior to the cutoff

frequency. This gives the appearance of sharpening the image to help com-
pensate for blurring that occurs when filtering out high frequency informa-
tion.

Cutoff – sets the cutoff frequency in MHz above which information will be
filtered while information below the cutoff will be left untouched.

Direction – this control allows the user to set the direction in which the filters
above will affect the picture.
• Vertical applies the filters to the vertical axis only.
• Horizontal applies the filters to the horizontal axis only.
• Horizontal & Vertical applies the filters to the both axes.

Figure 25. KAM-XM Brickwall Web Page

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 45

Remote Control and Monitoring

Temporal Recursive Web Page

The Temporal Recursive web page is active only on the KAM-XM-UNC
and KAM-XM-UDC modules.

Use This is a motion adaptive temporal recursive filter that works well in
this removing random and Gaussian noise. Refer to Temporal Recursive Filtering
link on page 25 for a discussion on using this filter.

This filter can operate in either Auto or Manual mode.

Auto Mode
Enable the control by selecting On in the Enable pulldown.

Red Overlay – when enabled (On), a red overlay is superimposed onto areas
in the input image where the temporal recursive filter identifies motion.

Auto – enabling this mode (Figure 26) engages a feedback controller that
dynamically sets the Distance, No Motion and Motion control setting avail-
able in Manual mode based on noise and motion measurement extracted
from the scene.

Bias – is active only in Auto mode. This control adjusts the noise set point
in the temporal recursive controller. The higher the bias the more aggres-
sive the controller is towards noise in the scene. The lower the bias setting
the more sensitive the controller is towards motion.

Figure 26. KAM-XM Temporal Recursive – Auto Mode

46 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Manual Mode
Enable the control by turning Auto off. The web page will appear as shown
in Figure 27.

Red Overlay – when enabled (On), a red overlay is superimposed onto areas
in the input image where the temporal recursive filter identifies motion.

Auto – disabling Auto (Off) puts the Temporal Recursive filter in Manual
mode.

Figure 27. KAM-XM Temporal Recursive – Manual Mode

Distance – sets the distance threshold to determine the sensitivity to motion

between the current frame and historical frames. The range of this control
is from 0 – 40, with the nominal value for the distance threshold at 15. A
setting of 0 will detect motion at every pixel, causing no filtering to occur.
A setting of 40 will be less sensitive to motion, temporally filtering every
pixel, which may result in blurring of any objects/areas in motion. In sum-
mary, if the distance is set too low, the module detects everything as
moving and applies no filtering. If set too high, no motion is detected, and
everything is filtered.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 47

Remote Control and Monitoring

No Motion – sets the historical weighting factor for areas in the frame where
no motion has been detected. A high setting forces the filter to use only his-
torical data in areas where no motion as been detected. A low setting forces
the filter to use only current data in areas where no motion has been
detected.

Motion – sets the historical weighting factor for areas in the frame where
motion has been detected. A low setting forces the filter to use only current
data in areas where motion has been detected.

Mosquito Web Page

The Mosquito web page (Figure 28) indicates it is not available on these
module types.

Use
Figure 28. KAM-XM Mosquito Web Page
this
link

Advanced Aperture Web Page

The Advance Aperture web page (Figure 29) indicates it is not available on
these module types.

Use
Figure 29. KAM-XM Advanced Aperture Web Page
this
link

48 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Color Legalizer Web Page

The Color Legalizer web page (Figure 30) provides the controls for setting
the high and low legal limits for the luma and chroma values as described
Use in Color Legalizer on page 27.
this
link Use the following controls to set High and Low limits for Luma and
Chroma:

Luma – set the legal limits for the Luma signal with the High and Low con-
trols.

Chroma – set the legal limits for the Chroma signal with the High and Low
controls.

Figure 30. KAM-XM Color Legalizer Web Page

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 49

Remote Control and Monitoring

Presets Web Page

The Presets web page (Figure 31) provides storage of up to ten Preset reg-
isters for local recall or recall of up to three registers with an external GPI
trigger (see GPI Web Page on page 51).
Use
this Each register may be named as desired by typing over the default names.
link
Selecting the Store button next to a register name will save the entire current
module configuration to that register.

Selecting the Recall button next to a register name will recall the stored con-
figuration to the module immediately.

Note The existing configuration of the module is also saved automatically to an

internal module register called Preset 0 once a minute. This feature of
KAM-XM models only, allows the module to recover from a power cycle to
the same configuration it had when powered down. This is not the same as
Slot Memory on the 2000NET module as explained on page 52.

Figure 31. KAM-XM Presets Web Page

50 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

GPI Web Page

The GPI web page (Figure 32) allows enabling and selection of Preset reg-
isters to be recalled by three external GPI inputs (Input 1-3). The Presets are
defined on the Presets web page (Presets Web Page on page 50).

Use Select the desired Preset register (Preset 1-10) for each GPI input in the cor-
this responding pulldown. Check the Enabled check box to enable the GPI input.
link
External GPI connection is explained in GPI0 Connections for GPI Control on
page 17.

Figure 32. KAM-XM GPI Web Page

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 51

Remote Control and Monitoring

Slot Config Web Page

Use the Slot Config web page (Figure 33 on page 53) to perform the fol-
lowing functions on the modules:
• Slot Identification – You may identify the module by typing a specific
name in the Name field. The assigned name is stored on the 2000NET
Use module and travels with the 2000NET module if it is moved to another
this frame. Select Default to enter the factory default module name.
link
• Slot Memory – the slot configuration for each media module is automati-
cally saved periodically (once an hour) to the 2000NET module in that
frame. You may also select the Learn Module Config button at any time to
save the current configuration for this slot. The configuration is saved
on the 2000NET module. If the 2000NET module is removed or
powered down, the stored configurations are not saved.
When the Restore upon Install box has been checked, the current configu-
ration saved to this slot is saved as slot memory. When the current
module is removed and another module of the same type is installed,
the configuration saved to the 2000NET module will be downloaded to
the new module. The box must be checked before the current module
with the saved configuration is removed.

Note On KAM-XM models only, module configuration is automatically saved once

a minute to an internal Preset 0 register on the module itself. If power is
cycled, the module will recover to the last configuration it was in before being
powered down. If this module is moved to another slot, it will retain its
Preset 0 configuration unless it is moved to another cell where the Restore
Upon Install button has been selected. In this case, the Preset 0 configura-
tion will be overridden with the configuration saved to that slot.

• Frame Health Reporting – the reporting of Slot Fault, Signal Loss, and Ref-
erence Loss can be enabled or disabled to the Frame Health alarm con-
nector on the rear of the Kameleon 2000 frame by selecting or
deselecting the checkbox.
• Hardware Switch Controls – a read-only status report of 2000NET module
switch settings for Module Status Reporting and Asynchronous Status
Reporting (dipswitch S1 segment 7 and dipswitch S2 segment 1). These
functions must be enabled for the following Slot SNMP Trap Reports to
function.
• Slot SNMP Trap Reports – displayed only when the SNMP Agent software
has been installed on the 2000NET module. Slot SNMP traps can be
enabled only when the hardware switches for Module Fault reporting
and Asynchronous Status reporting are in enabled on the 2000NET
module.
The enabled SNMP traps will be reported to any SNMP manager that
is identified as an SNMP Report Destination in 2000NET configuration.
Trap severity is read-only hard-coded information that is interpreted
and responded to by the SNMP Manager software configuration.

52 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Figure 33. KAM-XM Slot Config Web Page

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 53

Remote Control and Monitoring

Software Update Web Page

The Software update page (Figure 34) allows updating of software from
remote locations such as a CD-ROM or the Grass Valley web site. For
instructions on updating to the latest software, refer first to the Release
Notes that accompany any software update for complete details.
Use Updating with this method requires the use of an ftp server application
this available from the Grass Valley web site. Refer to the 2000NET Network
link Interface Instruction Manual for instructions for installing and using the ftp
server application.

Software updates may also be performed using the NetConfig application

available from Grass Valley. Refer to the NetConfig Instruction Manual for
more information.
For Grass Valley contact information, refer to Contacting Grass Valley on
page 2

Figure 34. KAM-XM Software Update Web Page

54 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Remote Control and Monitoring

Newton Control Panel Configuration

A Newton Control Panel can be interfaced to the 2000 Kameleon Series
frame over the local network to control module configuration and control
parameters.

The available control panel controls are listed in Table 5 on page 27. An
example of the Newton Configurator for the KAM-XM-UNC is shown in
Figure 35.

Note Not all control parameters are available with the control panel.

Figure 35. Newton Configurator Example

Refer to the documentation that accompanies the Newton Control Panel for
installation, configuration, and operation information.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 55

Specifications

Specifications
Table 6. KAM-XM Series Specifications
Parameter Value
SD/HD Video Input
Standard
KAM-XM-UNC SMPTE 259-C (270 Mb/s)
KAM-XM-UPC
KAM-XM-UGC
KAM-XM-UDC SMPTE 259-C (270 Mb/s), SMPTE 292M (1.5 Gb/s), SMPTE 274M, SMPTE 296M,
SMPTE 349M
KAM-XM-DNC SMPTE 292M (1.5 Gb/s), SMPTE 274M, SMPTE 296M, SMPTE 349M
Number of inputs 1 with active loop-through
Connector BNC per IEC 60169-8 Amendment 2
Equalization
KAM-XM-UNC Automatic to 300 m @ 270 Mb/s with Belden 1694 or equivalent cable
KAM-XM-UPC
KAM-XM-UGC
KAM-XM-UDC Automatic to 100 m @ 1.5 Gb/s/300 m @ 270 Mb/s with Belden 1694 or equivalent
KAM-XM-DNC Automatic to 100 m @ 1.5 Gb/s with Belden 1694 or equivalent cable
Return Loss > 15 dB @ 270 Mb/s (and 1.5 Gb/s)
Active Input Loop-through Output
Standard
KAM-XM-UNC SMPTE 259-C (270 Mb/s)
KAM-XM-UPC
KAM-XM-UGC
SMPTE 259-C (270 Mb/s), SMPTE 292M (1.5 Gb/s), SMPTE 274M, SMPTE 296M,
KAM-XM-UDC
SMPTE 349M
KAM-XM-DNC SMPTE 292M (1.5 Gb/s), SMPTE 274M, SMPTE 296M, SMPTE 349M
Number of outputs 1
Connector BNC per IEC 60169-8 Amendment 2
DC offset 0 V ± 0.5 V
Rise and fall time 750 ps nominal for SD
Overshoot < 10% of amplitude
Return loss > 9 dB @ 1.5 Gb/s
Wideband jitter < 0.2 UI
Up/Down Converted Serial Video Output
Standard
KAM-XM-UNC SMPTE 292M (1.5 Gb/s)
KAM-XM-UPC
KAM-XM-UGC
KAM-XM-DNC
KAM-XM-UDC SMPTE 259-C (270 Mb/s) or SMPTE 292M (1.5 Gb/s)
Number of outputs 2
Connector BNC per IEC 60169-8 Amendment 2
DC offset 0 V ± 0.5 V
Rise and fall time 750 ps nominal for SD

56 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Specifications

Table 6. KAM-XM Series Specifications - (continued)

Parameter Value
Overshoot < 10% of amplitude
Return loss > 15 dB @ 270 Mb/s, > 9 dB @ 1.5 Gb/s
Wideband jitter < 0.2 UI
Input to Output Processing Delay
Video delay
KAM-XM-UNC
KAM-XM-UPC
4 frames (up conversion)
KAM-XM-UGC
KAM-XM-UDC
KAM-XM-UDC
2 frames (down conversion)
KAM-XM-DNC
Audio delay Delayed and re-embedded in time with the output video
Electrical
Power 27 W
EMI/RFI Complies with FCC Part 15 Class A, EU EMC Directive
Physical
Number of slots 2, installation in even numbered frame slots recommended for maximum frame den-
sity
Environmental
Operating temperature See specifications for Kameleon 2000 frame
range
Non-operating Tempera- -10 to 70 ° C
ture
Operating Humidity 10 to 90% non condensing
Range

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 57

Service

Service
The KAM-XM modules make extensive use of surface-mount technology
and programmed parts to achieve compact size and adherence to
demanding technical specifications. Circuit modules should not be ser-
viced in the field unless as directed by Grass Valley Customer Service.

Power-up Diagnostics Failure

If the module has not passed self-diagnostics, do not attempt to trouble-
shoot. Return the unit to Grass Valley (see Module Repair).

Troubleshooting
If your module is not operating correctly, proceed as follows:
• If module power is not present, check fuse F1 (see Figure 36).
• Check for presence and quality of input signals.
• Verify that source equipment is operating correctly.
• Check cable connections.

Figure 36. KAM-XM Voltage Testpoints and Fuse Location

GRASS VALLEY
KAM-XM-DNC Module Type Label
115-0079-02 B

Fuse: 2.5 A FAST, 125 V

F1

8330_08

Module Repair
If the module is still not operating correctly, replace it with a known good
spare and return the faulty module to a designated Grass Valley repair
depot. Call your Grass Valley representative for depot location. Refer to
Contacting Grass Valley at the front of this document for the Grass Valley
Customer Service Information number.

58 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Index
Numerics summary table 28
Color Legalizer web page 49
2000GEN module 10
COMM LED 19
2000NET module
requirements 10 configuration
control panel 55
overview 20
A summary table 27
control panel 55
Advanced Aperture web page 48
mneumonics 27
application loading message 38, 40
conversion rates 9
aspect ratio
conversion, format
anamorphic
overview 21
definition 21
summary table 27
common sides
definition 22 conversion, up and down
common top & bottom overview 20
definition 22
overview 21
remote control 40
D
summary table 28 Detail Enhance web page 43
Aspect web page 40 detail enhancement
AUD PRSNT LED 19 overview 23
remote controls 43
summary table 28
B documentation online 2
Boost
overview 24
summary table 29
E
boot up time 18 environmental 57
brickwall filter
overview 24 F
remote controls 45
summary table 29 factory defaults
Brickwall web page 45 summary table 27
FAQ database 2
FAULT LED 19
C fault table 19
cabling 15 FBREF ERR LED 19
CH1 STAT LED 19 format conversion
color legalizer remote control 38
overview 27 Format web page 38
remote control 49 frame, 3RU 12

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 59

Index

frequently asked questions 2 L

FRM LOCK LED 19
Learn Module Config button 52
front module
LEDs
installation 14
meanings 19
front panel LEDs 18
License web page 37
fuse
location and type 58
M
G media module 12
midplane 14
GPI (General Purpose Interface)
Connector J5 wiring 17 Mosquito web page 48
overview 27
GPI web page 51 N
Grass Valley web site 2
NetConfig
GUI 34
software updating 54
Newton Control Panel
I overview 55
IFF ERR LED 19
input O
cabling 15
OFF ERR LED 19
installation 12
online documentation 2
operational modes 19
K outputs
cabling 15
KAM-XM module
descriptions 8
functionality summary 7 P
KAM-XM-DNC
cabling 16 passive rear module 12
description 9 installation 12
KAM-XM-UCG Preset 0 50, 52
cabling 16 presets
description 8 overview 27
KAM-XM-UDC save and recall 50
cabling 16 Presets web page 50
description 8 proc amp
KAM-XM-UNC overview 23
cabling 16 remote control 42
description 8 summary table 28
KAM-XM-UPC ProcAmp web page 42
cabling 16 PWR LED 19
description 8

Q
Quick Start guide 11

60 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

 Index

R testpoints 58
troubleshooting 58
rear module
cabling 15
installation 13 U
red overlay
UCREF ERR LED 19
overview 25
remote control 46
Reference web page 39 V
Refresh button 30, 32
VOLT TRIP LED 19
remote control and monitoring 30
repair depot 58
RESET LED 19 W
web site documentation 2
S web site FAQ database 2
web site Grass Valley 2
SEQ ACT LED 19
web site software download 2
Slot Config
hardware switch controls 52
slot identification 52
slot memory 52
Slot Config web page 52
SNMP reporting
enabling 52
software download from web 2
Software Update web page 54
software version 35
spike filter
overview 24
remote control 44
summary table 29
Spike web page 44
Status LEDs
meaning 32
Status web page 35
system requirements 10

T
TC PRSNT LED 19
Temporal Recursive filter
auto mode 46
Manual mode 47
overview 25
summary table 29
Temporal Recursive web page 46

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 61

Index

62 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual