Determinants
1. INTRODUCTION
‘A system of equations can be expressed in the form of
matrices. This means, a system of linear equations such as
artby
art by
‘can be represented as,
fa bfz]_fo
jaz balla) [er
Now whether this system of equations has a unique
solution of not is determined by the number aib:—aabi.
‘The number a:b2—axb, which determines the uniqueness
of solution is associated with matrix A ae i] and is
called tenant O/AN oF e(A). Determinants have
wide applications in engineering, science, economics,
social science te.
2. DEFINITION
Let a,b,od be any four numbers, real or complex.
Then the symbol |” 5) denotes ad~be and is called a
determinant of: 5 ,b,¢d are called elements
of the determinant; and ad bc is called its value. As
shown above, the elements of a determinant are arranged
in the form of a square in its designation. The diagonal
‘on which the elements a and d are situated is called the
principal diagonal, and the diagonal on whieh the elements
and b are situated is called the secondary diagonal, The
elements which lie in the same horizontal ine constitute
‘one row, and the elements which lie in the same vertical
line constitute one column.
Determinant of third order
Let a1,a2,a3,b,.b,bs,01,02¢9 be any nine numbers. Then
the sym another way of denoting
b>
ay
Je a
E b ee
aa] +s
la al” “la a
the., a4 (bxes~ bscs)— aa (bres ~ Bsea) + a3 (brea — brea)
pe) se
3. MINORS AND COFACTORS
Let us consider a determinant
Jax, aux ais
Jax, az aus )
Jas: axe ass
In the above determinant, Heelers!
;, then the
second order determinant thus obtained is called the
MOF|GF a,,Jand is denoted by (My, Thus, we can get
9 minors corresponding to the 9 elements. For example,
in determinant (1) the minor of the element an is
‘The minor of the element ais Ma |
In terms of the notation of minors if we expand the
determinant along the first row, then
ACD auMa t(D) adhe C1 ass
FauMy~aeMa+ ands
Similary expanding A along the second column, we
have
A=-auMiat GMa aoMo
——_—
If we denote the cofactor of the element ay, by Cy,
then the cofactor of ai is
‘Cofactor of the element wat is
Jaz =
aso asa
In terms of the notation of the cofacto 13.2. Mathematics
A= a0u+a202+ ass
= anCu+axCntanCa
=anCy+anCa+anCrs
Also, ai:Cn+a2Cn+ aC =
aC +a20n tas On = 0, ete.
[ <4 |
Director, in a determinant, the sum of the products
of the elements of any row or column with the
corresponding cofactors is equal to value of the
determinant. Also the sum of the products of the
elements of any row or column with the cofactors:
ofthe corresponding elements of any other rw or
column is er,
bo
‘Value of n-order determinant,
Jair die Gia a ie
Jan, an an oo
nn | a2 as = Oe
ant Ox2 Cat om Oa
= anCu+anCa+ aCs+ + asin
(when expanded along first row)
Me
© For easier calculations, | —-—f
Deane
SARRUS RULE FOR EXPANSION
Sarus gave a rule for « GHGrninGRTOTORIEES,
three diagonals stoping down to the right
tive the three positive terms, and the three diagonals
sloping down to the loft give the three negative terms.
ja bo
Jaz by cy
ant of second order is made with the
‘elements 0 and 1. Find the number of determinants
Solution:
‘There are only three determinants of second order with,
negative values, viz.
0
‘The number of possible determinants with elements 0
and 1 is 2*= 16. Therefore, the number of determinants
‘with non-negative values is 13.
124
-130
410
the value of
luton:
Here in the third column, two entries are zeroSo
expanding along the third column (C,), we get
1 3] 12 2
of fo, 2
A
aif ai
(-1-12)-0+0
= 82
x= = —
D™=|br bo bo
jay bbc a a
6. SYMMETRIC,SKEW-SYMMETRIC,
ASYMMETRIC DETERMINANTS
(8 A determinant is symmetric if it is identical to its
transpose. Its i row is identical to its i column
te. uy — uj forall values of“ and‘
(ii) A determinant is skew-symmetric if itis identical
to its transpose having sign of each element
inverted i.e. ay =~ tor all values of “7 and ‘'.
‘A skew-symmetric determinant has all elements
zero in its principal diagonal.
(iii) A determinant is asymmetric if it is. neither
symmetric nor skew-symmetric.
7. SOME IMPORTANT DETERMINANTS
Applying O: —- C2 Ci,Ci— Cs~ C2, we get
dia 4 0 o
zc (y a) (-y)
2 (y-a\(ytz) (2-9 ety)
g=2Ke-W {yt et y|Exvating
along R,)=(2-y)(y-2)(2-2)
fet 1
Let a,b,c be positive and not all equal.
abe
‘Then the value of the determinant | ¢ a] is
oak
Proof: A = albc—a*]~blb*—ac] + elab—c?
[a +B + 0°— Babe]
(a+b ofa? | bt +e —ab—be~ca]
(a+b+c)[(a—bF +(b-cF +(e—aF] <0
Asa+b+c>0,a.b. are all positive and not all
equal
abe
iplify |a* b? c?
oc ca ab|
Solution:
Given determinant is equal to
eee awe
Lee afers|
abe abe abc iia
Apply Ci — C\-Ci,C:—= G:C
a-b Baot é
a8 Be
Oe vied
atb bee
=(a-WNO- ofa? + ab 1B B+ be+e |
0 it
Ata ONY Dad? | ube Fact BF Be tbo! at
ac —ab*—abo—b°— bra}
=(a b)(—c)[clab +bo+ca)—alab+be-+ca)]
=(a—b)(—c'e—aXab+ bo + ea)
a eer
properties of deteminants, evaluate
18 40 89
40 89 198
}89 198 440|
Solution:
18 40. 89
Let D=|40 89 198
89 198 440
Let us first reduce the value of elements by performing
some operation.
Applying R + Re~2Ri and Rs Rs~5Ri, we get
18 40 89
p=|4 9 2
Le 18 40 9
Applying C;~Cs-20,, weget D=|4 9 2
‘Now apply C; + Ci~2Cs to get zeros in C:
=80-81=-1 Determinants 13.7
Ome
that
eile 2
2 rta ge
2 s sta’
represents a straight line parallel to the y-axis
Solution:
Prove a7,
or (a? +a" +a)2=—a'
| astraight line parallel to y-axis
(tere rerio
Ce
Prove that the value of the determinant
“7 543i 3-4i
5-3 8 445i | isreal
[Frat 4-319
| Solution:
-7 5+3i 2-41
Let2=|5-31 8 4+5% “
+41 4-519
‘To prove that this number (2) is real, we have to prove
that 7=z. Now we know that conjugate of complex
peabatetatraa mieten acute
Hrouve, tv take conjugate of in (1), we need noc expand
the determinant,
To get the conjugate ofz, we can take conjugate ofeach
clement of determinant. Thus,
~7 5-31 F+4i
F=[S+3i 8 4-55 ~-@)
2-45 445i 0
Now interchanging ws into columns (taking
‘transpose) in (2)
7 5+31 2-44
5-3 8 445i
Fiaase “o
we have =
(3)
4)
Hence, zis purely real.
[from (1) and (3)]
ind tho value of the determinant
yaa)+/3 23 V5
}V5)+ (28) 6 /0))
3+ v5) 05) 5
solution:
¥@3)+V38_ 2 1
V5) + (26) ¥5 2)
34765 ¥3 V5
een
(6-701 —- ea)
Now applying Ci — Ci—V/3C:— V(13)Cs, we get
aia ete
0 V5 v2
0 ¥3 V5
b¥3(0- Yo)
(expanding along C:)
2 ina cosa sin(a + 6)|
Prove that |sin@ cos sin(@+6)|
iny cosy sin(y +4)
4-(v5)|
Solutic
sina cosa sin(a+6)|
sin 8 cos@ sin(8 + 4)|
sin cosy sin(7 +6)|
sina cosa sinacosd+sinScosa
sin cosB sin Bcos6+sind cos
siny cosy sinycosd+sindcos7.
sina cosa ‘
sin cash OC, — Cs— cos 8C) ~ sin dCs
sin7 cosy 0
a
(METRE
ant "gr
2 coy
Evaluate 3D, if D-
a oper ata
Solution:
an de ty
O(c area
a Sire
Ls
toy
ee
0
SS BB Mate ths ee
8. USE OF FACTOR THEOREM TO FIND THE
VALUE OF DETERMINANT
(epuekaraecscmas mene
Prove that
abe
la? BP ot
be ca ab
by using factor theorm.
Solution:
=(a—b)b=e)eaYlah+ het ea)
abe
at
be ac ab|
Hence (@—4) io a factor of determinant. Similarly, let
Let a=b=D=
b=c,D=0,andc=a,D=0.
Hence, (a—b)(b—c)(c~a) is factor of determinant.
But the given determinant is having degree five so
jax may by
jaz mas ba
Jas mas bs
©) marcas
@ mbbabs
Ja ma+ne 2}
lb mb+ny y
¢ me+ne z
1. The value of the determinant is
ey
(©) maboaz
2, The value of | is
(@ ato+e
() xtytz
(© matb+e)+n(z! y tz)
wt
3. If|a-z atx a—z|=0, then values of x are
Jaz a-z ata]
@ 0a ® O-a
© a-a 70.80
aa +a
4, One factor of |b 6 1+6') is
ec of 1+e
UT abe ( atd
(©) Labe (@ 1-abc
ahe
eee
be ca ab}
(a— bib eNle—a){A(a? +6? +c4) + plab+ be +ca))
Since this is an identity so in order to find the
values of A and 44, let
01 then =2= (2241)
=(Q2A-w)=— Al)
,b=2,c=0
a=0,
Leta=
1 2 0
140
j0 0 2|
= 5A+2=2 2)
from (1) and (2) A=0 and
Hence
abe
ja? bc?
bc ca ab|
= (12-1 (5A + 24)
(a~ b)(b— e)(e— a)(ab+ be + ca).
ka K+ a? 1
hb B+BL
ke B+ 1
5. The value of the determinant is
(@) Ka+byb+eyXo+a)
(6) kabe(a? +b? +c")
(o) Ka-b\b—ee~a)
(d) kat+b-chb+e-ayc+a—b)
jz x? 1+2|
6. If réy #2 andy y? 1+4°|=0, then the value
2 14a
ofxyzwillbe | = 1
@o 1
o- (@) none of these
0 b-a cma
a—b 0 ob
a-c b-c (0
7. The vatue of & is
@o 1
(© atbte (@) none of these
ab b~c beac
jab—a? a—b bab
lhe ae e—a ab—a*
@-1 (0
(© abc? (d) none of these
8. Evaluate
Eee = ee mes Dereminonts 13.9
9. 1F ate
abc a 10, If|1 b ca] —Ka-vN0-eXe~a),
2 b-c-a % +b+o},,then k= jl © ab
eee then k=
‘@! wz (@-1 (60
3 @o (2 @1
—— re —_________-0
L@ 20 3 40 350 606 10 80 90 Wa
—$————————————
GEE SS |
9. MULTIPLICATION OF TWO DETERMINANTS _| Prove that
ax by} fhm Jak + bul arm, + dyme| cos(A—P) cos(A~Q) cos(A—R)|
jy b| |i mal [ak + bale asm + Bama }cos(B—P) cos(B~Q) cos(B—R)|
ja bal [hm m jeos(C—P) cos(C-@) cos(U—#)
Juz tp |x| me me] = Solution:
jas bs os] |b me mo
jcos(A~P) cos(A—Q) cos(A—R)|
jcos(B—P) cos(B—Q) cos(B—K)
}con(C—P) coa(C—Q) cos(C—R)
cosAcosP+sinAsinP cosAcosQ+sinAsinQ
[cos BoosP + sinBsinP cosBeosQ)+sinBsinQ
Joos CousP + sinCsinP cosCcosQ+sinCsinQ
ab th bal am thm tems am+hmtons
aah + bale +eals azmi + bem + cums arm + Dim +cxns
ashi + bal cals asm + bya + crm aym + buna + canal
, oo | |.
2 We have multiplied here rows by columns but we can
also multiply rows by rows, columns by rows and cosAcosk + sinAsinR
‘columns by columns. cos Boos R + sin BsinR|
con CcosR + sinCein
imine] jcosA sind 0! |cusP cosQ cosh
(a.— OF (as~ bP (as~ bat Vac mcse
Prove that |(a2—b,? (a2 bi} (a2— bs} Sen
(as~ bi (aa bay (as~bo¥ ae
2(u1~ a2)(a2— as)(as— a1)(b4 ~ ba)(b2—bs)(bs~ bi).
Solution: IZ Sve
(ax by (ar—beF (ai bo?
aa tr} (aa-OaF (ca — ba
(as br (as—bsF (as—bsP
Jaf + bt—2aib, af + UF arb» af +b} —2aibn
la3+b?—2aab, a}+b3—2asbs ad-+b3—2azbs
Find the value of
:
Bete leaps este
ai-+b%—2ab, ai-+b3—2asb» ab +68—2asba a
f1-2a) [211) rata! [em eH Bee ye
eT Gade e eS 1 aPIe1 al"|-axa+ax(-n -1x042%4|
Jat 1 —2a.| |b bm br }1 a as] [1 be b|
= 2(a~ an) ~ asas— 4X5 ~ bn baNb.— by) eae
(Try using factor theorein) 413.10 Mathematics
am thy mat biys ae tbiye
Jars + bry ats boys aaa + bius|=0
Jaan thiy aseyt bye aaa + bays
ve that
Solution:
Given determinant can be split into product of two
determinants ic.,
axthy, axthy, ax tby%
ax,+by, a,x,+b,y, ax,+b,y)=
GX, BY, GX + Dry, aX, + bys
jar bal fa a ay
Jao bo ca}x|an ge
Jax by co] JO 0 0
x 0
Property: If A,Bi,Ci,.- are, respectively, the
‘cofactors ofthe elements a,b,c... of the determinant
ja bh A Bi Gi
Jaz yc, #0, then |r Ds Os} A?
Jay bs os js Bs Cs
Proof: Given.
Jar bo
Jas by |
Jas by cs
and Ai,Bi,Ci,.. are cofactors of ai,b,0%,... Hence,
ja, | A BG
Jax by cx|%|Az Bs Cs
Jay by ca] | Ar Ba Ch
aA th Bra, wart ibe taC:
land + Bi +20) wide + Ds | xO
Jad + Bites aydet iB + oC:
aiAat Bs + aUs
aAs + tabs + 0205}
45a + by Bs + eCs|
(row by row multiplication)
Ao 0
000
004
’
(as a:Ai+ BB+ CC:= A= 1,2,3 and
aiA;+ b.Bs+0:0;= 0)
AR Gi
| Ar Ba Cr
As By Ci
A Bi Ci
Aa Be Ci
Ay Be Ch
or
© For n-order determinant, A. where A. is
the determinant formed by the cofactors of A and»
is order of determinant, This property is very useful
in studying adjoint of matrix.
form a
10, DIFFERENTIATION OF A DETERMINANT
TL. Let A(z) be a determinant of order two. If
we wire A(2)=[C\C:], where Ci, and C
denote the first and second columns, then
A\(r)=[C\C:]+[0,C2], where Ci denotes the
‘column which contains the derivative of all the
functions in the ith column C;. Similarly, if we
write
sine loge!
Example: Lot A(a)=|"2" V7" b2>0
zoos loge! |sine 1/2
Then Ae oO ses1/ || peat
IL, Let A(z) be a determinant of order three. If we
write Ar =[C:C:Co}, then
Ma) =[CLCC] 410.0] 10C0H]
and similarly if we consider
Ri Ri] [Ri] [Re
A(z) =|.) then A'(e)—| Ri] +] Ri] +] Re
Ro Ra) ts} LRal
IIL, Ifonly one row (column) consists of functions of x
and other rows are constant, viz., let
fa) f(z) f(2)|
A(z)=| bb bs [(oay)
a 9 4
Then
fila) fila) AO)
AGw)-| bby | andin general
a a 4
fila) f(a) f8(2)|
A@=[ bh bb
a a2 ©
‘here nis any positive integer and /*() denotes
the ath derivative of (7) Determinants 13.11
sinz cos sinzr|
=
=0+(cos'r+sin*z) =1
kz &=—O—tsti‘“_ NT]
poeple |
cosz sina
=0-| +1) °°
sine cos
If f(z) =|682 ©087F° AI. then find the valne af
sing sin"Z 8|
[email protected].
Solution:
Ley a 2
Buwi= ease) oo 4
Hobsinz) sin 8
nl nl 2
22) ogg ®t
cos(e+ 9) os 4h, 2)
inlet AE) ain AE
11. SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
System of two linear equations in two vasiables.
art hy = dr
r+ by
Let the given aystem of equations be
Jarr+ hoy by
—ar &
ar be
(applying Ci — Ci -yC2)
At A:
SE similarly y= 42
‘The above rule for finding.» and y is called the Crauucs"s
rule.
11.1 Nature of solution
(@ If A 40, then system has unique solution.
Here given two equations are equations of straight
lines. For A # Ua. aats #0 or ~fLe—F
Therefore, given lines arc nonparallel; henice, lines
have one point of intersection. Here system of
‘equations is called consistent.
(i) If but A:,A. #0, then system has no
solution. Por
But Aj,Ao 4 0; Nene lines are parallel but not
coincident. Thus, lines are non-intersecting, lene
no solution Here system of equations is called
inconsistent,
(i) A= 0, then system has infinite
solutions. For this condition, lines are coincident,
hence infinite solutions. Here system of equations
is called consistent.
11.2 System of three linear equations in
two variables
Consider a system of three linear equations in x and y:
arthy=d
art by=d
ar | bey = ds
This system of equations will be consistent if the
values of x and y obtained from any two equations satisfy
the dhitd equation or the given three lines are concurrent,
Salving the first two equations by Cramer's rule, we have
ds by Jad
jds_be jaz ds
ax by jar by
jaz by| jaz bp_|
dy by ja, dy
oles ale flag
wff tele Shale tl-o
jar by dh
=|az by de|=0
jay by ds|
This is the required condition for consistency of three
linear equations in two unknowns.
If such system of equations is consistent, den dhe
‘number of solutions is one. Se ———
11.3 System of three linear equations in three
variables
Let the given system of linear equations in three variables
ny, and zbe
arthytaz=d ~()
age + by + on7 = do (2)
ase t+ by +o2=ds 3)
Let
as by a ba a do
A =|a2 be o2],A1=|de be ca], A2=lar de oy
Jas by ds bs ca as ds os
jar bs dh
As=|as bs dy
as bs ds
Let A #0. Now,
Jd bal jazthytaz bo
Ai=|@ b: o|=|artbytaz bo
dy by ca] Jae | bay | ose bs os
jaz bal |a ba
Jasr by c4|=2]02 bs |= 28
Jaz by cl las by a
[6 — G\-yr-203]
= 4. where A #0
‘Similarly, do = yd
4)
The rule given in Eq. (4) to find the values of z,y,z is
called Cramer's rule
Note:
(i A, is obtained by replacing elements of ith column
by did,ds, where #= 1,23.
(id) Cramer’s rule can be used only when A #0.
Case I: A 40
In this case, from (1), (2), and (3), we have
Ae Aa
Rondz= 2
Hence, unique value of x,y,z will be obtained and
the system of equations will have unique solution.
Case I: A=0
(@ When at least one of &1,2,A9 is wouzerw
Let A: #0, then from (1), Ay =zA will not
be satisfied for any value of x because A = 0
and A; #0 and hence no value of xis possible
in this case,
Similarly when Ao # 0,42 = yA will not be
possible for any value of y and hence no value
fot y will be possible. When Qs # 0,43 = 20
will not be possible for any value of 2 and
hence no value of z willbe possible.
Thus, if A=0 and any of A:,A2, and As is
nonzero, then no solution is possible and hence
system of equations will be inconsistent.
(6) when A=Oand A, = r= As=0
A=)
In this case a= yA} will be true for all
y= 2A)
values of x, y and z
But since aiz+by+a2=O and discriminant of az’ + 2br + cis negative,
ab art]
db ¢ bere
arth ete 0
(a) Positive
(6) (ac—b'(az*+ 2br-+c)
(6) Negative
@o
then is
33. The number of solutions of the equations
ridy-2=0,8r 4y 2-02 dyl2=0is
@o @1
(2 (d) Infinite
‘34. If the system of equations, r+2y~3z=1,
(k+3)z=3,(2k+1)2+z=0 is inconsistent,
then the value of & is
@)-3 (b) V2
wo 2
38. Set of equations a+b—20-0,2a—3b+e-0
and a—5b+4o =a is consistent for @ equal to
@1 wo
@-l @2
36. The system of equations. n—m+m1=2,
30-2 2ry=—6 and 3m +2 +2 =—18 has
(@) Nosolution (6) Exactly one solution
(©) Infinite solutions (d) None of these
37. The number of values of k for which the
system of cquatiouy (KI D)r+ By ~ 4h,
ke-+(k+3)y=3k—1has infinitely many
solutions, is
@o (1
(2 (@) Infinite
tar 1+be Iter
38.1 |i tae 1t+he Ltas)—Ayt Az! Avs? |
l+ar 1+be Ltor
‘Aaz? then At is equal to
(@) abe 0
ol (@) None of these
39. IE 02d, are in GP and a>0
for each i, then the value of the determinant
logas logas+2 logan
Togases logasrs logan: x0
logder2 logasru logar+se|
@1 2
0 (d) None of these
A
is equal to 18.22 Mate hs
Besse
‘Numerical Type
i
2
Sh
5
6
10.
Let @,8,7 are the real roots of the equation
Ft ar'+or+e=0 (a,b,ce Randa #0). Ifthe
system of equations (in u,v, and w) given by
aut Bot 7
ul.
ryutavt Br
has non-trivial solutions, then the value of a/2 is
‘The value of |«| for which the system of equation
@etyte—a-l
rtaytz=a-1
rtytar=a-1
hhas na solution, i
2.
‘The sum of values of p for which the
equations 2t+y+2=1,2+2ytde=p, and
+ dy +102 = p* have a solution is 13.
If three distinet points P(3u!,2u°);Q(3e",20°), and,
R(3w!,2w*) are collinear, then uv+vw+wu is
equal 0 oe
a bars] lac ate
Let Di=|e d o+d| and D.-|b d b+d
jab a-5| ja catbte
a 15,
then the value of | |, where by 0 and ad # be,
is
1 Sens 1 ac
IfA=|sin@ 1 3cos6), then the value of
1 ind 1 |
(nm)/2 is i
2 orty rtutz
t]2r dr+2y dr + 3y 1 2x |= 64, then the real
ar Gr+3y 10r-+6y +32
value of xis
If ,45,03)y0u2 are in AP and 18,
Ja.az a a2] [asa a2 |
B=|a205 @ as},02=|aan as a4) ba
Jasar as as} Jasaur ax a
then A de=
jad %| |f We
Given A=|d ¢ 2¢|R=|2n 41 2m), then the
Iman 2d
value of B/A is.
If (1+ ar+br)' = ay + art aa? .. bass,
where a,b, ds,a1,...08 R suchthat ao +a; +a #0
ja a, a
anda a2 ao|—0, then he value of 5
jaa ao a
Number of real roots of the equation
Texal|i-x 11
x1x[+]{1 1-x 1 |=0is
exif fa 1 ing
Pr-2 end xoV/3)
If] ¥3x 0 x V3= d= eel the tet
xol V3-x x-1
tdi-+e aml ae —p +a, ten (29) is eqn
.
jcos(x +a) cos(x+ 8) cos(x+7)|
If flx)=|sin(x+a) sin(x+ 8) sin(x+7)| and
sin(6—7) sin(y—a@) sin(a— 8)}
f0)=—2 then San] ‘equals
Ifthe equation px+ 2y ~3=0,x+3y—4=Oand px?
+32 + Sy + (g—-3)x-3y-1=0 (v4 F
unique solution then find the value ot (p + q).
i+sin?x cos*x — 4sin2x
Let f2)=| sintx 1+costx 4sin2e |, then
sin’x —cos'x 1+ 4sin2x|
the maximum value of fx) is
Given 2x y 1 20—lyx—2yte——45 and x +
+ Az=4, Then the value of A such that the given
system of equation has no solution is
If M and m are maximum and minimum value,
1 cos@ 1
respectively of |ws 1 ws), dhen value of
1 cos8 1
(M+ m)is
The value of
1og,312 1og,3 ]tog,3 log,3
og,8 log,9|l0g,4 log, 4|
1f <[0,5] such that (sins + cosx)— JF]
+ |yet-a|eletso, ten the value of
sindy costs
yen oy
y
In(z+1) 2+5 242
SE Determinants 13.23
20. If @,B,7 are 00's of the equation x! +x? + 2x4 =
iat |
Othen valueof| 1 48 1 | (where @ De ta a ae
is real ie aia so
21, Ifp and q are real so that system of equations px + FG) (givenx> Das
4y+2=0, 29+ 32= 1 and 3x — gz =—2 has infinite
solution, then /q?—p* is equal to ao.
24, Inthedeterminant, A=| 4 7 0 |, the absolute
ee 5-31
22 '1t | ieeaill| =, then the vahio ot value of su. ofthe minors of elements of third row
eel is
eos, tL xt} xt7
eee ae | 28, If |x+4 x+6 x+10]=ar'+br+c, then (at
=x P-1 0 +8 x+10 x+14|
b+ c)is equal to
Ban
Single Option Correct Spence
6 B14 6 sit fate 2 © u[—omen me ine
1. if2=|3—48 6 8+7i| then zis ja-b ath
p+7i 8-719 ar+by+e=0 passes through the fixed point
(@) purely ral which is
(©) purely imaginary @ (12) oan
(©) arib, where a £0,040 © (-2,1) @ 0
(@ atib, where b=4 on tt get
2 Ih a,B,7 aretherootsot pa +qr*+r=0,thenthe — & Hy "vl G—yXy-2y2—a( Erg
jab By va: ta
value ofthe determinant [By ya a is Serene
va aB By (@)1 () -1
@p a 2 @ -2
0 Wr 7. If p.gsr are in A, then the value of determinant
cose inte cos Jato 14 9p B44 3g tp!
3. When the determinant | sin'r cos2r cos'z| is Bp tq Lis
cose cose cos 2r @+2tp HEM Or}
expanded in powers of sin2, then the constant term @1 wo
in that expression is © eer @ W4HHe)=2%
a) 1
a os 8 If (n-nF+(n-mP =a?
ie
(a2 +(n- wh = 8
4. I aed + tsind,0 ~ cos20-181n20, Pie
abe
2008 38-4 iein3@ andit |b o a|
= 0, then
cad
(@) =r kEZ
(0) O=(k+ DakeZ
(© O=Gk+ Da keZ
(@) none of these
(n-af+(w-mhae
inn i
2 ye 1) =(a+b+eXb+e~a) (c+a—b)
jar yo 1
X(at+h—c), then the value of kis
@1 2
4 (d) none of these
and &| 13.24 Mathematics
%
10.
1.
as
13,
4.
yt ay 2
abe
bo e
betay cr+by
brtay cx+by|
artby betey
art by bx+cy|
bet ey arty
bietcy art by
aztby bet cy
ja'r+by Brtcy
Let {Di,Ds,Ds,Dr} be the set of third-order
determinants that can be made with the distinct
nonzero real numbers aj, diy.@4. Then
@Sp=1 — Sv=o
(© Di=D; Vig @) none of these
‘The determinant is equal to
@
(0)
©
o
In triangle ABC, if
1 1 1
cot cot oF
tan +tan$ tan$+tan4 tan4+ tone
=0,
then the triangle must be
(@) equilateral (b) isosceles
(c) obtuse angled —_ (d) none of these
M aed aod J ae mG, ten We vas of
Boe y| depends on
ef:
@ randy () x and z
(© yand z (d) independent of z,y and=
If aboard, and asbses ee regen even
‘natural numbers and A a2 b|, then A is
jaw by
(@) divisible by 2 but not necessarily by +
(6) divisible by 4 but not nevessatily by 8
(©) divisible by 8
(@) none of these
‘The value of the determinant of u® ude, being
aaa
(@) (@-1Patn-1)
@) (2-1N@+n-D
(6 (-2)'@+n-1)
(a) none of these
naa
ara
laaz
15, If f(z) 0, then
(@) f(2)=0 and f\(x)=0 has one common root
(b) f(z)=0 and f(2)=0 has one common root
(©) sum of roots of flz)=0 is 3a
(4) none of these
em
16, Roots of the equation |"
bb
(independent of m and
(b) independent of a,b and ¢
(©) depend on mn and a,b,c
(d) independent of m,n and a,b,c
17. The value of the determinant
res 4]
eo a 5
3° 4° 9° 6°|
a? 6? 6 7
=U are
ones
is equal to
@! wo
2 @2
18, 1fA,H,C are angles ofa triangle, then the value of
ee eat
ee a gl
ew eM ot
@t
© -2
19, The value of
tC» C1 *26,
-3 LL Kn>2)is
Sie)
@-1
(@) -4
yew
(@ 2n-1+(-1"
(6) 2ntaeciy
(© an-3+C1y
(d) none of these
