Republic of the Philippines

CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

Sta. Rosa Del Norte, Pasacao, Camarines Sur 4417
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: [email protected]
ISO 9001:2015 Trunk line: (054) 513-9519
CERTIFIED

Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics

RATIO AND PROPORTION
Grade 9
Nov 13, 2023
I. CONTENT STANDARD
The learners demonstrate understanding of key concepts of ratio and proportion.

II. PERFORMANCE STANDARD

The learner is able to define and solve problems involving ratio and proportion through appropriate
and accurate representation.

III. LEARNING COMPETENCY

Describes a proportion (M9GE-IIIf-1)
Describe a proportion, and solve problems involving ratio and proportion
(M9GE – IIIf – 36).

IV. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a) Define ratio and proportion.
b) Solve the missing term of the given proportion.
c) Value the importance and usefulness of ratio and proportion in solving real life problems

V. SUBJECT MATTER
A. Topic: Ratio and Proportion
B. References: Department of Education. (2020). Mathematics – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery
Mode Quarter 3 – Module 9: Describe a Proportion. Lesson1.page3. First Edition. Quezon
City, Philippines: Department of Education.
C. Materials: Laptop, Projector, printed material, Manila Pepper, Marker and PowerPoint
Presentation guided by this lesson plan.
D. Skills to Develop: critical thinking, reading comprehension and analyzing.
E. Values to be integrated: collaboration, Receptiveness and adaptability
F. Methodology: 3 I’s
G. Time allotment: 45 minutes
H. Concept:
Ratio is the comparison of two numbers or quantities. It can be written in 3 different ways: a
to b (word form) a: b (ratio form) a/b (fraction form).
Proportion is an equal equation that shows two ratios are equal. It can be written as a: b=c:d
or a/b=c/d, where b≠0,d≠0.

VI. LESSON PROPER

Time Teaching Hints Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity IM’s
frame
5 A. Preliminaries PPT
mins a) Greetings Good day class. I am teacher Good morning teacher
Resa! Resa!
How are you today? We’re good ma’am.

It is good to hear that you are

fine and jolly

Now, for today’s discussion we

are going to talk about a new
lesson. But before we talked
about our new lesson. Let us
have first a prayer. Please
stand up…
 In the name of the father, and (students will pray)
b) Prayer of the son, and of the holy
spirit. Amen.

“Praise be thy name of our “Now and forever, amen.”

lord, jesus christ”

Good day class, welcome to

our math class for today, and
before you take your seats.
c) Energizer Let us have an energizer.
because it seems that you are
all feel sleepy and bored. So
together let us sing the song.
“MATH SONG”

Are you ready?

Sing with me Yes, ma’am.

“M.A.T.H (2x) “M.A.T.H (2x)

I love math(2x) I love math(2x)
It is so exciting, very It is so exciting, very
interesting, interesting,
I LOVE MATH (2x)” I LOVE MATH (2x)”

d) Securing Alright! And now I can finally

cleanliness feel the energy. Now, before (The students are seated.)
you take your seat, arrange
your chair properly and pick up
the sheet of paper under your Okay, teacher resa!
e) Checking chair.
the
attendance Ms. Beedle , kindly check the
attendance of your
classmates. Thank you

So, to make our classroom

f) Classroom fun, interesting and avoid Classroom rules:
rules distraction. The 5 P’s
Let us first check our 1. Be Prepared
Classroom Rules. Ms. luces, 2. Be Positive
please read. 3. Be Productive
4. Be Polite
Thank you, Ms. luces. I hope 5. Be Participative
you are aware of our
classroom rules until our class
is ended.
g) Passing of
assignment
Last meeting, I gave you an
assignment, right? Please
pass it forward and I will be
the one who will check that
later.

B. Recall (Students raised their

Now let me ask you, what was hands)
our topic last meeting?

Fraction
Yes, Ms. fererras

(Student raise hands)

Okay, very good we tackled

about fraction. So, can 1/2
somebody from the class gave
me an example of a fraction?
 ¾

½ very good, what else?

¾, okay. last meeting, we also Their greatest common

tackled about simplifying factor. Ma’am.
fraction. What was the
important thing that we need
to look for in simplifying a
fraction?

That is right, the greatest

common factor. Very good
class!
It seems that you truly
understand our lesson last
meeting. I assume, all of you
10 INTRODUCTION are ready for today’s
mins C. Motivation discussion.
But before we proceed to the
proper discussion, we will
have an activity first.
Entitled “BINGO!”
(student listened)
Instructions: Students will be
given a Bingo Giving
Card made up of randomly them a
set of numbers. Once a bingo
bingo caller selects the cards
number and calls the
number, check your
scorecard to see if you have
the letter and number. If you
do, then put a chip on that
square or you can check the
number.
After 5 draws, the students
should add all the number they
get and write it in fraction form,
colon form and word form.
Like these:
Number of score/number of
draws
Number of scores: number of
draws
Number of scores to number
of draws
The student who got the
highest score will be the
winner and received a reward Yes ma’am.

Are you ready?

Okay let start.

(student clap their hands)
The one who got the highest
score is Ms. Panezares.
Please give him excellent clap. Its exciting ma’am
How was the activity class?
Okay very good How about It’s Fun!
the others? Great!
 It is good to hear that you
enjoy our activity.

now let’s do another activity.

In this activity you need to Printed
observe the given picture. and materials
I am going to ask some
random questions?
Let us start.

Expected answer.
As you can see it has a two
set of quantity. What is the
ratio of triangles to square?

That’s is correct.
So, It says that 2:3 and 4:6 is
2/3 4/6
balanced.
Now, tell me is 2:3 = 4:6?
Yes!

Because when we simplify

both of them. They have
How do you say so?
the same value.

𝟐÷2 𝟏
=
𝟑÷2 𝟐
𝟒÷4 𝟏
Can you show with us. =
𝟔÷4 𝟐

Yes, that is correct!

this activity we conducted is a

glimpse of our topic, what do
you think is our topic for
today? I think, It’s about the
comparison of two
Yes, Ms. Fererras. quantities. And it is also
showing the two quantities
are both equal.
That is right!
2 D. Lesson Proper our topic for today has
mins something to do about
comparison of two numbers or
quantities that we called “ratio”
and also an equation that
shows two ratios are equal we
a.) Presenting of called a “proportion”. So, our
the lesson. topic for today’s discussion is
all about? RATIO AND
PROPORTION!
To start our new discussion let
us be guided by the following
objectives.

Everyone please read the

b.) Setting of objectives.
standards
OBJECTIVES: Manila
paper
 Thank you everyone! Those a. Define ratio and
are the objectives that we proportion;
need to attain in this morning. b. Solve the missing term of
the given proportion; and
Now let us start. c. Value the importance
and usefulness of ratio and
proportion in solving real
life problems
INTERACTION
10
mins (student raise their hand)
Again, what is ratio?
It is about comparing.

Very good it is about

comparing. a comparison of
two numbers or quantities.

How about proportion?

an equation that has a two
ratio are equal.
That is right, proportion is the
equality of two ratios.

First let’s talk about ratios.

What do we mean by ratio?

ratio is the comparison (students are listening)

between two numbers or
quantities.

For example.

Printed

materials

The ratio of triangles to

squares.

It can be written in 3 different

ways:

Word form/phrase form (a to

b)
Colon form(a:b)
Fraction form (a/b)
(student raise their hands)
So, who can write this ratio in
3 different ways? Ma’am, we can write this as
2:3
Yes, Ms. Angel, pls write on 2 to 3
the board. 2/3

Very good. Since the ratio of

triangles to square is 2:3. It
means that for every 2
triangles there are 3 squares.
(Student raised their hands)
What if I have 4 triangles, how
many squares would it be? 6 squares ma’am.

Very good!
Let’s have another example.

Express the following ratio in

simplest form.

In simplifying ratios is just

the same as simplifying
fractions since ratios can be
written as fraction. To reduce
ratios in simplest form, divide
the numerator and
denominator of each ratio by
their greatest common
factor (GCF)

1. The ratio of 2 weeks to

4 days
*Note that ratio is a
comparison of two quantities
with the same units.
Since the two quantities has
no the same units. 14 days!
First, we need to convert the
week into days.
How many days in 2 weeks?
Therefore, the ratio of 2 week
to 4 days is 14:4

Ma’am it is 7:2
What is the simplest form of
this ratio?

That’s is right. Ma’am I divided both

What did you do in order to numbers by their greatest
common factor which is 2.
find the simplest form?
Then I’ll come up with 7:2

Very good!

We can also write it in a

different way. it can be word
form or a fraction form.

2. Eight out of 30
passengers are
tourists. Find the ratio
of the tourists to other
passengers.

So, the given here is there are

30 total passengers and 8 of
them are tourists. therefore,
lets us subtract the 8 tourists
to the 30 passengers to find
the other passengers.
30-8 = 22 other
passenger

Now we find the number of

other passengers. Ma’am. Its 8:22!
What is the ratio of the
tourists to other passengers.
What is the simplest form of I divided both numbers by
this ratio? their GCF, which is 2.
Therefore, the simplest
form is 4:11
Very good!

3. Noli’s basketball team

won 8 games and lost
5. What is the ratio of
game lost to games
won?
Ma’am, the ratio is 5:8!

What if my answer is 8:5, is it

correct or the same then,
why?
No ma’am because the
question is the ratio of
games lost to won and not
game won to game lost.
Correct that is why it is better
to understand the question for
you not to be confused and
lead wrong answer.

Now I need two volunteers to

answer these in front.

4. In a certain room, there

are 28 women and 21 EXPECTED ANSWER:
𝟐𝟏÷𝟕 𝟑
men. A. 𝟐𝟖÷𝟕 = 𝟒
a. What is the ratio of
men to women? 𝟐𝟖÷𝟕 𝟒
b. What is the ratio of B. 𝟒𝟗÷𝟕
=𝟕
women to the total
number of people?
They are correct. pls give
them give them a good job
clap. Follow me.
1,2,3 (2x)
Good job.
Did you understand class! Yes ma’am!
It seems that you truly
understand what is ratio. Now
let’s proceed to talk about
proportion.

What do we mean by (Student raise their hands)

proportion?

I guess it is about a two

Yes, Ms. berdan equation that that two ratios
are equal.

Very good. Ms. Ferreras

Proportion is an equation that
shows two ratios are equal.
So, when we have two ratios
that are equal it is called a
proportion.

How do we write a proportion?

It can be written as a: b=c:d or

a/b = c/d, where b≠0, d≠0.
It is read as “a is to b as c is to d”.
Where we can write it in a
colon form and fraction form.
Let’s have an example.
Printed

materials

The ratio of triangles to

squares.

What are the two ratios? 2:3 4:6

That is right, where it can be
written as 2:3=4:6 ; ;
If these two ratios are equal
Now how to know if the then we can call it a
equation of a two ratio is a proportion.
proportion?

Do you think these two ratios (student quess)

is equal?

to check If it is a proportion.
we have to calculate their
means and extremes.

We know that proportion can

be written as a:b = c:d
Where 2:3 = 4:6

So, Means are the numbers

that are nearer to the equal
signs which is the b and c. the
number that are placed at the
outer part of the equation is
called extremes. Which is the
a and d.
Therefore,

2:3 =4:6
Means: 3 x 4 = 12
Extremes: 2 x 6 = 12

*Where when the product of

the means is equal to the
product of the extremes
therefore the two ratio is
proportioned.

What if the equation of the two

ratios has a missing term. How
are we going to find the
missing term to make it a
proportion.

Example;

n:3 = 10:15
using means and extremes
let’s find the missing term.

n:3 = 10:15
15 𝑛 30
=
15 15
n=2

to check if it is correct.
 Let n= 2

2: 3 = 10: 15

Means: 3 x 10 = 30
Extremes: 2 x 15 = 30

We can also use a cross

multiplication.

Who wants to calculate using (student raise their hand)

cross multiplication?
Write the ratio first into
fraction form. then calculate
Therefore, these two ratios are
proportion. 2 10
3
= 15.

Do you understand class?

2 x 15= 30
3 x 10 = 30

CORRECT!
Now, I want volunteer to
answer these questions ppt
entitled “is this fair”

Write ratios for the quantities

mentioned in each situation
then compare the
ratios. If those ratios are
equal, write FAIR and if not,
write UNFAIR. Explain your
answer.

1) Ron and Mark are card

Expected answers:
collectors. Ron traded 24 1.
basketball cards for 15 Basketball cards 24:20
boxing cards and Mark traded Boxing cards 15:32
20 basketball cards for 32
boxing cards. Is 24: 20 = 15: 32
this fair?
2) On a math exam, Lily Means: 20 x 15 = 300
scored 85 points for answering Extremes: 24 x 32 = 768
Not fair
17 questions
correctly and Tom scored 80 2.
points for answering 16 Scored 85: 80
questions correctly. questions correctly 17:16
Is this fair?
3) Mary paid Php18,400 for 2 85: 80 = 17: 16
tickets to a concert and Kimmy Means: 80 x 17 = 1360
paid Extremes: 85 x 16 = 1360
Php26,600 for 3 tickets to the Fair
same concert. Is this fair?
3.
Paid
Php18,400: Php26,600
Tickets
2:3

Php18,400: Php26,600 = 2:3

Means: 26,600 x 2= 53,200

Extremes: 18,400 x 3 = 55,200
Not fair

Do you understand class? Yes ma’am

I guess you already
understand the discussion
today. Now, Let’s have an
activity
15 INTEGRATION So, class, I will divide you into
mins 2 groups.
 I assume that this is the 1st
group and this one is the 2nd (students listened)
group.
Each group should follow the
instructions.
Name your group with
“MATH” on its first syllable, for
example “MATHinik”
Select one representative of
your group to come here in
front to choose an envelope.

Your activity will be guided by

these criteria:

CRITERIA

I will give 5 minutes to prepare

and 2 minutes to present your
output.

Are you ready? Yes ma’am

Your timer starts now!
Times up! (student paste their output)
Kindly paste your output in
front.
(each group will present)
Very good class.

(Teacher rate the output)

Please give everyone a round

of applause!

Back to our discussion, is None, ma’am

there any question or
clarification?

If that’s so, if you truly

understand our topic or today.
Let’s have a short quiz.

VII. EVALUATION (3 mins)

DIRECTIONS: Answer each of the following items accurately and write the letter
of the correct answer on your answer sheet.
1. Find the ratio of a to b if a = 6 cm and b = 8 cm Answer: 6:8 or 3:4
2. Find the ratio of 1 meter to 20 centimeters. Answer: 1 meter = 100 centimeters so, 100:20 or 5:1
3. Write the ratio of the number of female presidents to the number of male presidents of the Philippines
in different forms. Answer: 2 to 13, 2:13 (colon form) and 2 13 (fraction form)
4. Solve for the value of x in 2/ 5 = 𝑥 /30
4.
5. Solve for the value of x in 4𝑥−1 /3 = 6𝑥+1/5 5.
5(𝑥) = (2)(30)
5𝑥 = 60 5(4𝑥 − 1) = 3(6𝑥 + 1)
VIII. ASSIGNMENT
𝑥 = 12 20𝑥 − 5 = 18𝑥 + 3 20𝑥
1. Study the properties show different ways of rewriting
− 18𝑥 = 5 + 3 2𝑥 = 8 𝑥
Proportions.
=4
2. As you study, try to answer the given activity. (p13)

PREPARED BY:
RESA MAE DACIAN
BSED MATH 4A-STUDENT