1st page: Hello Everyone, I am Dan Rainer Duca and today I will present about the Critical Reading

Process, in this presentation I will be giving you steps on how to be a critical reader.

Critical Reading is not just you read the text, it is not just you knowing what is in the text, but critical
reading is a process by process technic that will you understand, comprehend and evaluate what is in
the text.

If you are not a critical reader, you are prone to abuse. Why? Because you cannot really understand
what is in text, You cannot be aware of possible misinformation and fake news that may abuse your
individuality. like in our time today, many people have become blind, many people have not been aware
of the lies. actually you don't really know who is telling the truth or not. I just want to say here that, if
you are not a critical reader you are in danger

2nd Page: Analyze the critical reading components

3rd page: Before you can answer a question, you need to know what it means. When you are trying to
understand the question look for instructional words, words that tell you what to do. Examples of these
are discuss, explain, identify, justify.

In discussing you can Present both sides of an issue/subject with evidence and then you can draw a
conclusions. In explaining you Make something clear by providing reasons and evidence. In identifying
you can Select relevant details and discuss these.In justifying you can Use evidence to support an
argument or idea. The aim is to convince the reader. (with these examples, it will help you or lead you
to a better understanding on what text you are reading)

Mark apparent keywords and key phrases

While you are reading a text, you can identify important keywords in the given paragraphs that will also
help you to a better understanding in a given information. You can definitely underline some keywords
such as names, locations, years or dates or even a figure like 1.2million or 20,000, like that.

Be mindful of the organizational patterns used (Compare and contrast, cause and effect, list, spatial,
chronological, etc.)

The organizational pattern helps to make sense of the information so that the stated purpose is fulfilled.
It provides focus and direction, so that clear organization helps the receiver to understand and
remember the information that is shared. Organizational patterns show the relationships between
supporting details in paragraphs, essays, and chapters. The organization of the supporting details helps
you understand how an author thinks and helps you remember what you read.

4th page: Evaluate the validity and requirement of the questions

- Validity refers to whether a test measures what it aims to measure. I think, before you read the texts,
you need to check or evaluate the questions first, because the questions you are looking for answers to,
these are the ones that will show you the way and help you to better understand what you are reading.

Brainstorm the question (- You can Write down all related information, link the details that you know
and determine knowledge gaps.)
5th page: Step 2 - Practice pre-reading activities

6th page: Look at the author’s name. Have you heard of the author? Do you know anything about them?
Sometimes you’ll find a short bio about the author at the beginning or end of a text. You can always
Google them to look for more details. Ideally, the author should be an acknowledged expert on the
subject or should have degrees, training, or credentials that make them an expert.

What is the nature of the text?

7th page: A good title will inform you about the text’s content. It’s always nice if titles are also
interesting, catchy, or even clever, but the most important job of a title is to let the reader know what’s
coming and what the text will be about. Headings, if present, will often give you clues as to the text’s
content as well as showing you how the subject has been divided into sections. Images—and their
captions—will often give you valuable information about the topic.

The goal of the introduction is to let the reader know the topic of the paper and what points will be
made about the topic. Skimming is one of the tools you can use to read more in less time. Skimming
refers to looking only for the general or main ideas. The conclusion gives you a general picture of the
argument the text is trying to get across and It leaves you with questions about how the author arrived
at their conclusion.

8th Page: Step3- List Down Questions

9th page: This is usually to researchers when they are finding some sources related to their research
topic. when they find a research title related to their topic, they will start reading it and look for possible
answers to their research questions

10th page: Step 4- Taek Down Notes

11th Page: Be concise and write on your own words (it has to be clear and does not include unnecessary
or vague/unclear words or language)

Use Bullet points (it helps the reader identify key areas of information, and improves the reader's ability
to scan for pertinent topics of interest.)

Pay attention to citation and references (References should always be accurate, allowing your readers to
trace the sources of information you have used)

Take note of the arguments raised (The note should be brief and concise and should come with distinct
heads.)

Summarize the major parts: the introduction, the body and the conclusion (Summarizing teaches the
reader on how to discern the most important ideas in a text, how to ignore irrelevant information, and
how to integrate the central ideas in a meaningful way.)
12th page: Record important quoted materials and the page numbers that you may have to
read again later on

Write down keywords of any relevant information to your questions (for example your question is about
online class, you can write down keywords that is relevant to online class, like students, school, or
learning.

13th page: Step 5- Evaluate The Text.

14th Page:  Has the article/report fulfilled its purpose?

 Is the argument clearly asserted and supported by evidence? (evidence refers to facts, documentation
or testimony used to strengthen a claim, support an argument or reach a conclusion.)

 Is the research valid? (Sufficient, appropriate, adequate, objective, valid methodology? (Validity of a
research study means the degree to which the study accurately answers the questions it was intended
to answer.)

15th Page:  Has the argument been developed logically? (A logical argument is one that relies on the
principles of classical logic to establish veracity or accuracy).

 Does it present solutions based on evidence? (in every solution it needs to have an enough evidence,
and I think evidence is the proof that you really study and understand your research)

 Are recommendations appropriate to the purpose?

 In what ways does the article/report advance our knowledge of a particular issue?

 What assumptions underlie the research? Are they reasonable?

17th Page: Mind Map From Memory

18th Page: Make a rough mind map from memory: test what you can recall from your reading of the text.
( It is used to increase memory and understand concepts, ideas, key terms, and information. It is a
process of using a visual map which contains a main idea that branches out into related and important
information pertaining to that main topic. This makes information easier to remember, as it's held in a
format that our minds find easy to recall and quick to review.)

 Make headings of the main ideas and note supporting evidence in dot points.

 Include your evaluation: the strengths and weaknesses.

 Identify gaps in your memory.

19th Page: Step 7

20th page: Consolidate your knowledge

21th Page: Summarize the text in preparation for writing your assignment – Summarization is one of the
effective ways to maintain the knowledge on what you have read, it improves their memory for what is
read. Also summarizing helps the reader on how to take a large selection of text and reduce it to the
main points for more concise understanding.
Make another mind map drawing on your notes and your rough mind map. Make headings and note the
supporting evidence in dot points. Include your evaluation.  Be creative: use color and arrows; make it
easy to visualize.  Highlight the ideas you may want to use for your assignment.  Identify areas for
further research.

These are the Effectives Technics that you can do and apply in your reading to make it easier and better
for you to have a better understanding on your readings.