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1. What is the purpose of a capillary break layer in a slab-on-grade construction?

2. What is the function of an isolation joint in a slab-on-grade with surrounding walls?
3. Which thickness range is typical for an industrial floor slab on grade?
4. What is the purpose of a moisture barrier in interior floor slabs on grade?
5. What type of reinforcing is commonly used for lightly loaded slabs in houses?
6. What is the purpose of a form release compound in slab-on-grade construction?
7. Why might a layer of fine crushed stone or sand be placed over the vapor retarder before concrete is poured?
8. What is the purpose of reinforcing mesh in a slab-on-grade construction?
9. In addition to wire reinforcing, what other type of reinforcing material can be used in slab-on-grade
construction?
10. What are some factors that can cause cracking in a slab-on-grade?
11. What is the purpose of agitating the wet concrete during casting?
12. Which tool is used to achieve a level concrete surface during the finishing process?
13. What is the purpose of the initial floating of the slab?
14. When is additional finishing performed for a smoother surface?
15. Which tool is used for floating larger slabs?
16. What is the purpose of troweling the slab after the second floating?
17. What is used to produce a broom finish on the surface of the slab?
18. Why is damp curing necessary for the slab after finishing?
19. How is the flatness of concrete slabs traditionally specified?
20. What is used to create superflat floors with high precision?
21. What is the purpose of control joints in concrete slabs on grade?
22. Which tool is commonly used to create control joints in a concrete slab?
23. What is the recommended joint spacing for normal concrete slabs 4 to 8 inches thick?
24. Isolation joints are used in concrete slabs to:
25. Which of the following can be added to a concrete mix to reduce drying shrinkage?
26. How can the resistance to tensile forces in a concrete slab be enhanced?
27. What is the purpose of protecting a freshly poured concrete slab during the damp curing process?
28. How does post-tensioning affect a concrete slab on grade?
29. When is post-tensioning particularly effective for concrete slabs on grade?
30. What is a potential advantage of using post-tensioning in a concrete slab?
31. What is the purpose of using shaped strips of wood or plastic in the corners of formwork for concrete structural
elements?
32. Why is form release compound applied to formwork surfaces in contact with concrete?
33. What is the purpose of bolsters in the installation of reinforcing bars for slabs and beams?
34. What is the purpose of reshoring after pouring slabs and beams?
35. What is the main advantage of using a one-way concrete joist system for spanning longer distances?
36. How are joists formed in a one-way concrete joist system?
37. What are joist bands in a one-way concrete joist system?
38. What is the wide-module concrete joist system also known as?
39. Why are stirrups required near the ends of each joist in a wide-module concrete joist system?
40. What was the original method used to achieve wider spacing of joists in the wide-module concrete joist system?
41. Which type of slab system is rarely seen, but occasionally used for heavily loaded industrial floors?
42. What is the purpose of a drop panel in a two-way flat slab system?
43. In which type of buildings is the thickening of the slab over the columns unnecessary?
44. What is the typical range of slab depths for a two-way flat plate system?
45. What is the purpose of cantilevering the slabs beyond the last row of columns?
46. Which type of slab system uses metal or plastic pans called domes as formwork?
47. What is the purpose of solid concrete heads in a waffle slab system?
48. What is a potential architectural advantage of a waffle slab system?
49. Which type of slab system is the most expensive of sitecast framing systems?
50. What type of buildings are two-way floor and roof framing systems typically used for?
51. In which concrete framing systems can posttensioning be applied?
52. Posttensioning is used in concrete framing systems to:
53. In two-way flat plate structures, how are the tendons arranged in posttensioning?
54. Why is the tendon arrangement in posttensioned slabs structured in a certain way?
55. If the structural bay is square, how are the tendons distributed in each direction?
56. What are the short-term losses in posttensioning caused by?
57. What are the long-term losses in posttensioning caused by?
58. How does the structural engineer compensate for the anticipated losses of prestressing force?
59. What is the primary benefit of using posttensioning in slabs?
60. Why are two-way flat plate structures commonly posttensioned?
61. Which construction method virtually eliminates the use of formwork?
62. What type of structures are commonly associated with ganged forms?
63. What is the main advantage of flying formwork?
64. Which method is commonly used for constructing tall-walled structures like elevator shafts?
65. What is the approximate maximum height of tilt-up wall panels in typical construction?
66. What type of concrete placement method involves spraying concrete pneumatically into place?
67. Which technique allows for the production of free-form structures such as swimming pools and playground
structures?
68. What is the primary advantage of precasting concrete in reusable molds?
69. What is a trend in reinforcement for sitecast concrete besides posttensioning?
70. Which fibers are expected to be increasingly used as reinforcement for concrete?
71. What is architectural concrete?
72. What is the purpose of exposed aggregate finishes?
73. Which materials are commonly used to create formwork surfaces for concrete?
74. Which technique can be used to change the texture of concrete?
75. What can pigments, dyes, paints, and sealers be used for in relation to concrete surfaces?
76. What special attention is required for exposed wall surfaces of concrete?
77. How should joints between pours be concealed in exposed concrete walls?
78. Why is closely controlling the formulation of concrete important for architectural concrete?
79. Why is air entrainment advisable for exterior wall surfaces in cold climates?
80. What is the purpose of rustication strips in exposed concrete walls?
81. What were the ancient Romans known for constructing with unreinforced concrete?
82. What is the diameter of the dome over the Pantheon in Rome?
83. Why are arch, dome, and vault favored for spanning long distances in concrete?
84. What is a common technique used to achieve resistance to buckling with a thin layer of concrete?
85. Which type of structures heavily rely on steel reinforcing or prestressing?
86. What gives barrel shells and folded plates their stiffness and strength?
87. What forces do trusses include?
88. Are concrete trusses and space frames commonly built?
89. What is the primary purpose of reinforcing or post-tensioning in barrel shells and folded plates?
90. What is the typical thickness of a barrel shell or folded plate compared to an eggshell?