CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES

Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | Sep-Oct 2023 ISSN: 2660-4159

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Combination Ability of Melon Powdery Mildew Resistance

Varieties and Donor Lines on Yields
1. Rafikjon Abdunabievich Abstract: As a result of evaluation of the combinational
Khakimov value of varieties and lines-donors of resistance to
powdery mildew of melon, varieties and lines with high
combinational ability for yield were identified. Varieties
Galaba, Oltin tepa and line L-4 are recommended for
Received 2nd Aug 2023,
Accepted 19th Aug 2023, breeding as donors of high productivity.
Online 20th Sep 2023
Key words: Melon, varieties, selection, hybrid, seeds,
fruit weight, resistance.
1
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences,
Senior Researcher, Research Institute of
Vegetable, Melon Crops and Potato
Republic of Uzbekistan

Introduction. In Uzbekistan, there are 14 genera and 25-30 species belonging to the pumpkin family.
Widespread crops of this family are watermelons, melons and pumpkins.
Gourd growing in Uzbekistan has a centuries-old history and melon is considered as the most valuable
food product for the population. N.I. Vavilov (1926) stated that Central Asia is considered to be the
center of origin of cultivated plants and the second center of origin of melon, where its main varieties
are concentrated.
At the present time in Uzbekistan there are more than 160 local varieties of melons, differing from
each other in maturity, yield, taste, shelf life of fruits and most of them have become world famous. In
the state register of Uzbekistan there are 43 local varieties of melon, including 2 early maturing, 9
early-medium maturing, 18 medium maturing and 14 late maturing. In Uzbekistan, 150-155 thousand
hectares of land are allocated for melon crops.
According to medical norms in Uzbekistan, each person is recommended to consume 270 g of melons
daily. Melon fruits have excellent taste and many useful properties. Melon fruits contain 85-92%
water, 8-15% dry matter, 0.8% protein, 1.8% fiber, 6.2% other carbohydrates, 0.9% fat, 20-30 mg/%
ascorbic acid, iron, contains trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, organic and
mineral salts. The amount of sugar in fruits of local melon varieties reaches 14-16%.
Taking into account the great demand for melon crops, especially for the melon.
Materials and methods. As an object of research were used 7 breeding varieties and lines of melon
resistant to powdery mildew and 4 local disease-resistant varieties.
Evaluation of combinative ability was carried out according to the topcross scheme. Hybrids and
parental forms were tested on mealybug infectious background in 3-fold repetition, plot size 25 sq.m.

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CAJMNS Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | Sep-Oct 2023
The research was carried out according to the methods of "Methodical guidelines of VIR. Selection of
melon crops" (1988), "Methods of conducting experiments in vegetable, melon and potato growing"
(2002), "Methods of conducting experiments" (1985). Combination ability was determined according
to the methods of V.K.Savchenko (1973), S.P.Yakovlev and V.N.Boldyrikhin (1979)).
Location of the research. The research was conducted at the Research Institute of Vegetable, Melon
Crops and Potato, located in Tashkent district, Tashkent region, Republic of Uzbekistan. Its
coordinates are 41º21' north latitude and 69º19' east longitude, elevation 478 m above sea level.
Research results. It is known that the combinatory ability of varieties is a genetically determined trait
determined by different types of gene interaction. Its study is important for all crops, not only in
solving the practical use of the effect of heterosis, but also because the total combinatory ability of
varieties used in hybridization can serve to some extent as an indicator of the breeding value of hybrid
combinations with this variety. Since the crossing was carried out according to the topcross scheme,
we had the opportunity to determine the effects of GCA (General combinatorial ability) and SCA
(Specific combinatorial ability) on the main economically valuable traits not only in 7 varieties and
lines of resistance donors, which was the main objective of the study, but also in 4 local disease-
resistant varieties used as testers. Below we present the results of experiments to assess the
combinatory ability of yields.
The first step to determine the effects of GCA is to evaluate the results of yield tests of varieties, lines
and their hybrids by analysis of variance and test the null hypothesis. The results of this analysis,
indicate the significance of genetic differences between the variants of experiments.
The results of variance analysis of combinatorial ability of the initial forms by yield also confirm the
high significance of the variant of GCA and SCA, which indicates that heterosis in Ғ1 hybrids is
largely due to the interaction of additive genes.
Table 1 shows the yields of 7 donor varieties and lines and 4 local varieties in comparison with the
estimation of their effects of variant GCA and SCA. The analysis of the results shows a close
relationship between the yields of varieties and lines and their GCA. About this regularity in melon
crops there are also indications in the works of K. Dyutin (1980), who believes that the yield of
varieties can be judged on its overall combinatory ability.
Among the varieties and donor lines with the highest yield GCA, the varieties Oltin tepa, Galaba and
line L-4 stood out. At the same time, there is no close correlation between the yield of these varieties
and lines and their GCS value. L-4, which has the highest GCA values for yield and Oltin tepa, which
had one of the highest GCA values, although they were inferior to Galaba. The other varieties and
lines (Suyunchi, Shirali, Lazzatli and L-83) had negative GCA.
Among the local varieties, Kokcha 588 and Ak Kaun 557 were the best in terms of GCA effects. These
high-yielding released varieties stand out among local varieties with high ecological plasticity, which
is probably associated with high GCA.
The lowest GCA was in varieties ecologically unadapted to local Tashkent conditions, especially in
varieties of Zeravshan origin (Sarik Buri Kalla and Chogare 944).
Yield evaluation of Ғ1 hybrids showed that the highest yielding hybrid combinations are: Galaba x
Kokcha 588, Galaba x Chogare, Galaba x Ak kaun 557, L-4 x Chogare, L-4 x Ak kaun 557, L-4 x
Kokcha 588, L-4 x Sarik buri kalla, i.e. those derived from parental forms with high GCA effects.
The role of genes in the inheritance of such an important quantitative trait as yield can be judged by
the ratio of variants of general and specific combinatory ability. It is known that if the value of variants
GCA (Q2g) significantly exceeds the value of variants SCA (Q2s), it is evidence of the value of

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CAJMNS Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | Sep-Oct 2023
additive genes of a variety or line and indicates a large contribution of these genes to the genotype of
hybrids.
In our experiments, GCA variants significantly outperformed SCA variants in most donor varieties
and lines and the local variety Kokcha 588.
Table 1. Average yields of donor varieties and lines in t/ha (x) and their effect of GCA (g) and variants
GCA (Q2g) and SCA (Q2s)
Lines, varieties х g Q2g Q2 s
Shirali 28,1 -2,32 64,74 354,73
Suyunchi 2 23,7 -3,77 182,50 12,82
L-83 24,6 -4,55 269,01 14,63
L-4 33,2 5,93 461,84 317,82
Galaba 36,0 1,68 30,61 14,63
Oltin tepa 28,5 4,80 36,18 88,17
Lazzatli 28,0 -1,80 163,18 88,17
Ak kaun 557 31,6 3,78 163,18 234,74
Chogare 17,8 0,44 -1,25 23,78
Sarik buri kalla 20,5 -0,82 4,33 163,31
Kokcha 588 31,2 3,43 133,75 28,04
Standard error (Jj-Jj) +-4,05
Same (Jj-Jj) +-3,61
Same (Jj-Jj) +-3,58
Shirali and Oltin tepa varieties and local varieties Ak kaun 557, Chogare and Sarik buri kalla have
higher values of the parameter (Q2s), indicating a large role of non-additive gene effects in the genetic
control of yield in their hybrids Ғ1.
Specific combinatorial ability is known to show the deviation of specific combinations from expected
combinations based on the average GCA. As mentioned above, SCA is controlled by the interaction of
non-additive genes, which affects its low stability depending on the conditions of the year.
Therefore, the SCA constants in melon hybrids in our experiments for the same combination varied
greatly by years from positive to negative values. Stable positive SCA constants were observed only in
2 hybrid combinations: Suyunchi 2 x Sarik buri kalla and L 83 x Chogare, while stable negative ones
were observed in the combination Shirali x Kokcha 588.
The highest SCA constants in hybrids were obtained in separate years for the following combinations:
Shirali x Ak kaun 557, Lazzatli x Chogare, L-4 x Sarik buri kalla, L-4 x Kokcha 588 and Oltin tepa x
Ak kaun 557.
Thus, the study of combinatory ability of 7 varieties and lines of donors of resistance to powdery
mildew allowed to identify among them varieties and lines with high combinatory value in
productivity. These are varieties Galaba, Oltin tepa and L-4 possessing a high GCA.
Among the varieties and lines with negative SCA can be recommended for breeding use variety
Shirali, characterized by high specific combinative ability in some hybrid combinations. Among local
varieties, the highest yield SCA of Kokcha 588 and Ak kaun 557 varieties characterized by wide
ecological adaptation have the highest yield SCA.
Analysis of variant SCA and GCA showed that in the studied lines and varieties productivity is
controlled predominantly by additive genes and only in L-27 dominant-epistatic interaction of genes
prevails.

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CAJMNS Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | Sep-Oct 2023
Conclusion. As a result of evaluating the combinational value of varieties and lines-donors of
resistance to powdery mildew, among them were identified by yield varieties Galaba, Oltin tepa and
L-4. These varieties and lines can be recommended for breeding as donors of high productivity.
Among the local varieties of high combinational value in terms of yield, the varieties Kokcha 588 and
Ak kaun 557 stand out, which in many SCA indicators exceeds even the best disease-resistant varieties
and lines.
Combination ability of lines due to resistance to diseases and their general biological resistance is
characterized by stability of manifestation over the years and the magnitude of its manifestation is
mainly determined by genotype. In local varieties, the manifestation of combinability depends to a
large extent on growing conditions, in particular on the conditions of the year and ecological
adaptation.
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