MAKERERE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW

BACHELOR OF LAWS (LL B) SEMESTER II, 2022/2023

HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE DOMESTIC PERSPECTIVE

(READING LIST)

INSTRUCTORS: Prof. C Mbazira, Dr. Sylvie Namwase, Dr. Caroline Adoch

Introduction
The course on Human Rights in the Domestic Perspective is intended to enable a student to grasp and
understand the protection of human rights within the national legal order of states. The course will
primarily dwell on the Uganda situation, with an overview of conception of rights in the pre-colonial,
colonial and the pre-1995 independence period. In the contemporary setting, the course will deal with
protection and promotion of human rights under provisions of constitutions - in the Uganda context,
the 1995 Constitution. Nonetheless, the course will draw comparative examination of approaches and
situations to human rights in constitutions in other countries, particularly in the Commonwealth. The
concerns of the course will be the scope and nature of human rights in constitutions, approach of
courts to interpretation of rights, institutions and mechanisms for the promotion and protection of
human rights (including human rights commissions, civil society and the legal profession).

Aims and Objectives

The objective of the course is to enable students acquire a deep understanding of the theory and practice of human
rights within the Ugandan perspective. It traces the ideologies of human rights before colonial rule through the
independence struggles to today. It further entails a discussion of the practice of specific rights both civil and
political rights, and economic social and cultural rights, within the Ugandan context.
It further interrogates the institutional mechanisms for enforcement of human rights at the domestic level, and
delves into legal jurisprudence of the same especially that emanating from the courts of law.

Learning Outcomes
At the end of the course, students should be able to:
1) Explore key ideas, concepts and themes of human rights in the Ugandan perspective;

2) Understand the sources of human rights under various domestic legal regimes;
3) Understand the scope and nature of specific categories of human rights in Uganda;
4) Outline the institutional framework to the domestic protection of constitutional and other human rights;
5) Appreciate the limitations and restrictions to human rights in Uganda.

READING MATERIALS
The reading materials here are intended only to guide your reading in the course. Students are advised
to read widely and keep abreast of current issues and concerns in human rights.

GENERAL READING

"Onoria,H., 'Review of Major Decisions on Fundamental Rights and Freedoms in Uganda in 2001 and
2002' (2003) 9(2) EastAfr.J.Peace&Hrgts332
*Onoria,H., Review of Major Decisions on Fundamental Rights and Freedoms in Uganda in 2003'
(2005) 11(1) EastAfr.J.Peace&Hrgts137
*Onoria,H., Review of Major Decisions on Fundamental Rights and Freedoms in Uganda in 2004'
(2005) 11(2) EastAfr.J.Peace&Hrgts323
Pfeiffer, S.B., 'The Role of the Individual in the Constitutional System of East Africa' (1978) 16(1)
Journal of Modern African Studies
*Tumwine-Mukubwa, G., 'The Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in East Africa' (2000) 6(2)
EastAfr.JPeaceHum.Rights130.

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PART I: CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF HUMAN RIGHTS:
A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
The First Part of the course is aimed at understanding conceptual and philosophical aspects that define
any 'human rights' discourse within pre-colonial societies in Uganda (and elsewhere), and, in the wake
of colonial values. The human rights ethos of post-colonial is considered on the basis of the primary
defining features of the period 1962-1995. The part also makes a cursory overview of contemporary
human rights situation (post-1995) hi terms of the underlying theoretical and philosophical aspects.

A. Existence of Notion of Rights in Traditional/Pre-colonial Societies

-Value systems in pre-colonial societies - customs, traditions, folklore, etc.

-Contextualization of values and status - individual and community rights and duties, etc.

-Institutional Processes - Communal justice: conciliation and deliberation

Cotran, E, Casebook on Kenya Customary Law (London/Nairobi: Professional Books, 1987).

Drieberg, J.H., Th eLanyo: A Nilotic Tribe in Uganda (London, 1923).

Edel, M.M., The Chiga of Western Uganda (Oxford, OUP, 1987)

La Fontaine, J.S., The Gisu of Uganda( London, 1959).

Middleton, J, The Lugbara of Uganda(New York, Holt, Rinehart & Winst* a, 1965). Also:
Roscoe's books on the Baganda, Bagisu, Banyankore, etc.

B. Advent of Colonialism - Imposing 'Alien Values' or Ideas of 'Individualism'

- Repugnancy Clause and 'Freeing' of the individual.

- Repressive Laws restricting Rights of the Homo Colonialis.

- (B)Uganda Agreement, 1900, art. 15 -Uganda Orders-in-Council1902, s. 20 -Removal of Undesirable

Persons-Ordinance, 1907.

- Deportation Ordinance, 190S (and 1956).

- Penal Code Ordinance, 1951.

- The King v. Earl of Crewe, exparteSekgone [1910] 2 KB 576, pp. 609-10

- R v. Amkeyo (1917) KLR 14.

- Rex v. Yowasi K. Pailo &2 Ors, Crim. Rev. No. 43 of 1922 (1920-19) ULR 98.
- Mwenge v. Migadde, HC Misc. Case No. 19 of 1933, (1932-5) ULR 97.
- Gwao bin Kilimo v. Kisunda bin Ifuti (1938) 1 TLR 405.
- Re G.L. Binaisa [1959] EA 997.

C. Independent Uganda (Africa) and Crises over Human Rights: 1962-1995

-Dilemma of Constitutional Rights and Freedoms under tin 1962, 1966 and 1967 Constitutions
-Battling the Legacy of Colonialism: Repressive Laws and 'Positivist Tendencies' in the Courts
-Public Order Laws and Ouster Clauses: The Futility of 'Human Rights' Litigation in Undemocratic
Regimes

*Constitution of Uganda, 1962, ss. 19, 22, 28

*Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1967, arts. 10(5) and (8), 123(4) and (6).
-Deportation Ordinance, Cap. 46.
-Deportation (Validation) Act. No. 14 of 1966.
-Detention (Prescription of Time Limit) Decree, No. 7 of 1971.
-Emergency Power (Detention) Act No.8of 1963.
-Emergency Power: (Detention) Regulations, SI 65 of 1966.
-Legal Notice Nos.1 of 1971, 1979 and 1986.
-Legal Notice No. 6 of 1986
-Militaiy Police (PowersofArrest) Decree, 1971.

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 -Newspapers and Publications (Amendment) Decree, No 35of 1972.
Parliamentary Powers (Vested) Decree, No. 8 of 1971. -Proceedings Against the Government
(Protection) Decree, No. 8 of 1972.
-Public Order and Security Act. No 20 of 1967 (esp. s. 13). -Suspension of Political Activities Decree,
No. 14 of 1971.
-Trial by Military Tribunals Decree, No. 12 of 1973.

*Ibingira & Ors v. Uganda [1966] EA 305, 445.

-In re Lumu & Ors, Misc. App. Nos. 31-35 of 1966 (HC). *Uganda v. Commissioner of Prisons
exparte Matovu [1966]EA 514.

*Muwonge v. Attorney General [1967] EA 57.

-Ochiengv. Uganda [1969] EA 1

-Shah v. Uganda [1969] EA 261 (also: No. 2-4).

*ReIbrahim [1970] EA 162.

-Uganda v. Rajat Neogy & Abu Mayanja (The 'Transition' Case) in 38 Transition(l972).
-Namwandu v. Attorney General [1972] EA .
-Efulayimu Bukenya v. Attorney General (1972) HCB 87.
-ReMusoke (1979) HCB 222.
-ReGodfrey Gahakwa Barinda (1979) HCB 223.
-Kamadi Mwanga v. Uganda (1979) HCB 225.
-Amos Mugisha v. Uganda (1979) HCB 271.
- Kayira & Ors v. Rugumayo & Ors, Constitutional Case No, 1of 1979.
-In re Mukibi (1980) HCB 16.
-Re Sevumbi (1980) HCB 36.
-Re Kisembo (1980) HCB 62.
-John F. Kityo v. Attorney General (1983) HCB 56-Buregyera(1985) HCB 99
-Rwakasisi v. Attorney General (1985) HCB 113.
-In reMuwanga, Misc. Cause No. 72 of 1987.
-E.F. Ssempebwa v. Attorney General, Constitutional Case No. 1/1987.
-Rwanyarare & Ors v. Attorney General, Misc. Appln. No. 85 of 1993;Constitutional Case No. 1/1994.

D. Certain Conceptual Concerns in Protection of Human Rights in Uganda (under the 1995
Constitution).

- Notion of Inherent and Fundamental Rights vis-à-vis Restrictions upon Rights - are Human Rights
Absolute?

- Choice of a Cause of Action - Claims in Common Law vis-à-vis Constitutional Petitions (e.g. trespass
to the person v. torture)

- Attributing Responsibility for Violations of Human Rights - State (Organs and Agencies) and Private
Individuals

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts.2(2), 20(1) and (2), 37. 246.

*BAT v. The Environment Action Network (TEAN), Misc. Application No. 27/2003 (HC)
*Gardener v Whitaker [1994] LRC 483 (South Africa SC)
*Hafasha v. Deputy Superintendent Barongo, Complaint No. 355/1998 (UHRC
*Kawaludio Wamala v. Uganda, Crim. session Case No. 442/1996 (HC)
*Lady Kezia Rukiidi & Another v. John Katuramu &Another, Civil Suit No. 508/1996 (HC)
Longwe v. Intercontinental Hotels [1993] 4 LRC 221 (Zambia SC)
*Maliam Adekur & Another v. James Opaja &Another, Constitutional Petition No. 2 190- (CC)
*Sata v Post Newspapers Ltd (No.2) [1995] 2 LRC 61 (Zambia SC)

PART II: INSTITUTIONAL PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND

FREEDOMS.
This part examines the institutions and mechanisms designed to promote and protect human rights, particularly
enforcement of human rights through the courts (and in this regard the necessity for a separate Constitutional Court)

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and human rights commissions (and other judicial bodies). Consideration will also be given to the role of institutions
such as the Ombudsman as well as the role of the civil society and the legal profession in protection of human rights.
Additionally, mechanisms for protection of constitutional rights from retrogressive amendments, procedural process
for litigation of constitutional rights and the remedies for violations of rights and freedoms are considered. Finally the
manner in which courts approach the issue of interpreting human rights is examined.

A. Institutions and Mechanisms for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights And Freedoms

i. Courts as Primary Fora for the Enforcement of Human Rights

ii. National Human Rights Commissions (and other judicial bodies, e.g. Equal Opportunities Commissions)

iii. Civil Society (NGOs) and the Legal Profession as Actors in Promotion and Protection of Human Rights.

 Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995

 Uganda Human Rights Commission Act, Chapter 24, Laws of Uganda
 Equal Opportunities Commission Act, No 2 of 2007
 Sarkin.J., 'The Role of the Legal Profession in the Promotion and Advancement of a Human Rights
Culture" (1995) 21Comm.LawBull.1306

PART III: SCOPE AND NATURE OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS IN CONSTITUTIONS

This part examines the scope and nature of fundamental rights and freedom provided under the 1995 Constitution (and
national constitutions of other Commonwealth countries). Of particular interest are the limitations placed upon these
rights under the constitution although this is dealt
with separately in Part IV).

A. Rights to Dignity and Physical Integrity

(i) Right to Life and the Prohibition of its Arbitrary Deprivation

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, art.22

Uganda Law Society & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Appln No. 7/21.03 (CC)

Uganda Law Society v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 2/2002 (CC)

Consideration of particular aspects of the right to life as:

(a) Right to life and its extension to other areas such as the right to Food, Shelter, Health Care, Employment,
Education, Clean Environment, etc.

 Attornev General v Salvatori Abuki & Anor, Constitutional Appeal No. 1/1998 (SC) [2000] 1 LRC63.
 Tellis and Others V Bombay Municipal Corporation and Others [1987] LRC (Const) 351 (India SC)
 Zia v WAPDA (1994). PLD 693 (Pakistan SC).

Death Penalty

 Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Zimbabwe v. Attorney General [1993] 2 LRC 279 (Zimbabwe SC)

 Susan Kigula &416 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 6/2003 (CC)

 State v. Makwanyane & Another (1995] 1 LRC 269 (South Africa

 Mbushuu .v. Republic [1995] 1 LRC 216 (Tanzania CA)

*Makubuya, AN., 'The Constitutionality of the Death Penalty in Uganda: A Critical Inquiry
(2000)6(2)EastAfr.JPeaceHum.Rights222

* O N O R I A H . “Soldiering Constitutional Rights in Uganda: Kotido Military Executions' (2003)

9(1)East Afr.J Peace Hum. Rights

(c) Abortion and rights of'unborn child' (see also Rights of Women below)

* Tibatemwe-Ekirikubinza Offences Against the Person: Homicide and Non-Fatal Assaults in Uganda (2005) Fountain
Publishers

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  R. v. Bourne [1939] 1 KB 687
 Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995,arts.24and 44(a)

(B) Freedom from Torture

*Acan Margaret w P/C Okimo-Otim & Others, Complaint UHRC No. 143/2001
*Acen Rose v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 58/2000
*Alele Robinson v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. G13/2002 (UHRC)
*Badru Walugembe v. Registered Trustees of Mengo Hospital, Complaint 1 HRC No. 337/2000 (UHRC)
*Daudi Kauta (as a friend of George Kauta) v. Ishaka Magemeso et al., Complaint UHRC No. 180/1998
(UHRC)

(b) Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment

Exclusion (and severe penalties) under the Law

*Attorney General v. Salvatori Abuki & Another, Const. Appeal No. 1/1998 [2000] 1 LRC 63 (SC)
*Salvatori Abuki & Anor v. Attorney General, Constitutional case No. 1/1997 (CC)
*State v. Vires [1998] LRC (Namibia SC)

Corporal Punishment by Organs of State (1991) 3 SA (Namibia SC)

, Crim. Appeal No. 14/2000 (CA)

Africa CC) *Simon Kyamanywa v. Uganda, Const. Ref. No. 10/2000 (CC)
Crim. Appeal No. 16/1999 (SC)
246 (Zimbabwe SC)

e and Forced Labour

da, 1995, arts.25 and 44(c).

Tinyenfuza, Const. Appeal No. 1/1997 (esp. judgment of Oder, JSC)

ent and Security of the Person

arts 23 and 44(d) Judicature Act, Cap.13

, SI 114/1992

C (Const) 533 (Canada SC)

Pradesh & Others (1994) AIL 1349 (India SC)
1 CHRLD 99 (Seychelles HC)
506 (New Zealand HC)
nada SC)
New Zealand CA)
93 (South Africa CC)
ervening) [1986] LRC (Const) 455 (Canada SC)

i) Detention in Place authorised by Law (art. 23(2))

*Joseph Tumushabe v. Attorney General, Misc. Appln No. 63/2003 (HC)

*Stephen Gidudu v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 210/1999 (UHRC)

*Kabagenyi Beatrice v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 1288/1999 UHRC)

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*Kiwule Peter Isabirye v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. J35/200 (UHRC) *Okello-Obua Alfred v.
Attorney General &2Others, Complaint UHRC No G129/2001 (UHRC)

ii) Right to be Produced in Court within Forty-Eight Hours and Right against
ncommunicado

Detentions and Unlawful Disappearances (art. 231) and (4))

 Aber Juma Aziza v. Attorney General. Complaint UHRC No. G577/1999(ULRC)
 Akena Johnson v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. G5/2003 (UHRC)
 Bosco Eric Akera v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. G /76/2001 (U HRC)
 Hatega Balikuddembe George v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 22/2001 (UHRC)
 Idris Kasekende v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 172/1998 (UHRC)
 Kabagenyi Beatrice v. Attorney General. Complaint UHRC No. 1288/1990 • UHRC)
 Kiranda Abdul Karim v Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 767/2000 (UHRC)
 Kiwule Peter Isabirye Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. J35/2003 (UHRC)
 Loyce Nakabugo v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. MBA6/2004 (UHRC)
 Lukwago Musa &3 Others v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 141/2004 (UHRC)
 Matia Mulika v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 98/2000 ((UHRC)
 Ntambwe Abdu v. AG, Complaint UHRC No. 312/2002 (UHRC)
 Ochieng v. Uganda (1969)EA 1 (HC)
 Okello-Obua Alfred v. Attorney General & 2 Others, Complaint UHRC No. G129/2001 (UHRC)
 Okot Charles v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. G166/2003 (UHRC)
 Pte Godfrey Birungi v. Attorney General &4 Others, Complaint UHRC No. 392/1998 (UHRC)
 Pte Sam Muwonge v. Capt Sulait Mwesigye &2 Others, Complaint UHRC No. 202/1998 (UHRC)
 Walusimbi Ssebagala v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 128/1997 (UHRC)
 Yitzhack Ocircan v. Attorney General, Complaint UHRC No. 387/1998 (UHRC)

i) Right to Grant of Bail (art. 23 (6))

 *Aliphusadi Matovu v. Uganda, Misc. Crim. Appln No. 15/2005 (HC)

 *Byaruhanga Rugyema & Another v. Uganda, Misc. Appln No. 87/1998 (HC)
 *Charles Mubiru v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 1/2001 (CC)
 *Col. (Rtd.) Dr. Kizza-Besigye v. Uganda, Crim. Misc. Appln Nos 228 & 229/2005 (HC)
 *DPP v. Pete [1991] LRC (Const) 553 (Tanzania, HC)
 *Dr. Aggrey Kiyingi v. Uganda, Misc. Crim. Appln No. 41/2005 (HC)
 -Emmanuel Katto v. Uganda, Crim. Misc. Appln No. 10/2005 (HC)
 *Jonathan Kyamanywa v. Uganda, Crim. Misc. Appln No. 38/2003 (HC)
 *Joseph Lusse v. Uganda, Misc. Crim. Appln No. 73A997 (HC)
 *Joseph Tumushabe v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 6/2004 (CC)
 *Lt. Godfrey Kasangaki v. Uganda, Misc. Crim. Appln No. 17/2002 (HC)
 *Ngui v. Republic of Kenya [1986] LRC (Const) 308 (Kenya, HC)
 *Onyango-Obbo & Another v. Uganda, Crim. Misc. Appln No. 145 1997 (HC)
 *Rtd. Lt. Dan Mugarura v. Uganda, Crim. Appln No. 47/2003 (HC)
 *Uganda Law Society v Attornev General Const. Petition No 18/2005
 *Uganda v. Col (Rtd.) Dr. Kizza-Besigye, Const. pet. NO . I O , 2005
 *Uganda v. Denis Obua, Crim. Appln No. 18/2005 (HC)
 *Uganda v. Lt. Mungeni Musana, Crim. Case No. 713/2001 (MC)
 *Uganda v. Okot (1987) HCB 4 (HC)

iv) Right to an Order of Habeas Corpus (art. 23 (9))

 Dan Mugarura v. Uganda, Misc. Cause No.8/2003 (HC) *Ibingira & Others v. Uganda [1966] EA
305

 Ibingira & Others v. Uganda [1966] EA 445

 *In the Matter of Sheik Abdu Karim Ssentamu, Const. Ref. No. 7/1998 (CC)

 Edroma, EB, 'Viewing Operation Wembley through a Human Rights Perspective' (2002) Vol. V,
No. 7 YourRights14
 Nsereko, DNN., 'The Police, Human Rights and the Constitution: An African Perspective' (1993)
15(3) HumanRightsQuarterly.

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  O1oka-Onyango, J., 'Police Powers, the State and Human Rights in Kenya and Uganda: A
Comparative Analysis' (1990) Third World Legal Studies.
 Shivji, I., State, Coercion and Freedom in Tanzania (Institute for Southern Africa Studies, 1990).
 Walubiri, PM, 'The Legality of Operation Wembley: A Human Rights Audit', (2002) vol. V, No. 7
Your Rights 22

v) Freedom of Movement and Right to a Passport.

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, art. 29(2)

*Col. (Rtd) Dr. Kizza-Besigye v. Attorney General & Another. Complaint UHRC No. 177/2001
(UHRC)(pending)
*Director of State Security Services& Another v. Oliseh Agbakoba [1999] 2 CHRLD 397 (Nigeria
CA)
*Dr. Sulaiman Kiggundu v. Uganda, Misc. Appln No. 24/2003 (HC)*
*Oliseh Agbakoba v. Director of State Security Services &Another [1996] 1 CHRLD89 (Nigeria HC)
*Rv. The Kadhi, Kisumu exparte Nasreen [1973] EA 153 (Kenya HC)
*Simeon & Another v Magistrate Court 'C & Others, Const. Case No 5 of 199" (Seychelles CC)
*Ayena-Odongo, KC, 'The Constitutional Right to Freedom of Movement' (unpublished, July 2001)

vi) Right to Privacy of Home, Person and Correspondence.

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, art.27 -Criminal Procedure Code, Cap

-Leadership Code, 2001.

-Police Act, Cap. 330.

-The Queen v Therens (Others Intervening) [1986] LRC (Const) 455 (Canada SC).

C. Access to Civil, Criminal and Administrative Justice - Right to a Fair Tidal

i) Right to a Fair Trial or Hearing before the Courts in respect of Civil and Criminal Matters

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts 22(1), 28(1), 42, 44(d) and, 128

a) 'Fair Trial' and Equal Protection of the Law/Equality of Arms

•Attorney General v. Major-General Tinyenfuza, Const. Appeal No. 1/1997 (SC)

*Dr. Paul Ssemwogerere &5 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Appeal No. 12002 (SC) •Kawaludio
Wamala v. Uganda, Crim. Session Case No. 442/1996 (HC)

•Susan Kigula &416 Others v Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 6/2003

Zachary Olum & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Case No. 6/1999 (CO

b)Trial before an Independent and Impartial Court/Tribunal

*Uganda Law Society v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 18/2005 (CC)
*Naluwairo R (2012), "Guaranteeing the Right to a Fair Trial in Uganda's Military Justice
System: Proposals for Reform" East African Journal of Peace & Human Rights, Vol. 18, No.12
*Naluwairo R (2012), "Military Courts and Human Rights: A Critical Analysis of the
Compliance of Uganda's Military Justice with the Right to an Independent and Impartial
Tribunal" African Human Rights Law Journal, Vol. 12, No.2.
*Naluwairo R (2011), "Uganda's Military Courts and the Right to a Competent Tribunal: Some
Reflections, Malawi Law Journal, Vol. 5, No.2

* Oloka-Onyango J (2006), "Criminal Justice, the Courts and Human Rights in Contemporary
Uganda: A perspective Analysis," Makerere Law Journal, Vol.1, No.1.
* Tusasirwe B (2019), The Judicial Enforcement of the Right to Freedoms of Political Assembly
and Association in Uganda. LLD thesis (unpublished)

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 Public (open court) Trial vis-à-vis Trial in camera

•Attorney General v. Major-General Tinyenfuza. Const. Appeal No. 1/1997 (! 0)

*Vancouver Sun. v, Attorney General of Canada & Others [2004] 2 S.C.R. 33, (2004) 240 D.I...R.(4th)
147 (Canada SC)

) 'Speedy Trial' (or trial within a Reasonable Time)(and Constitutional remedy if not tried within a
Reasonable Time)

*Attorney General of The Gambia v Jobe [1985] LRC (Const) 556

*Bell v. DPP [1986] LRC (Const) 392 (Jamaica PC)
*DPP v. Tokai [1996] 2 LRC 314 (Trinidad and Tobago PC)
*Fisher v. Minister of Public Safety and immigration [1997] 4 LRC 344 (Bab.1 mas PC)
*Martin v. Tauranga District Court [1995] 2 LRC 788 (New Zealand CA)

*Shabahuria Matia v. Uganda, Crim. Rev. Cause No. 5/1999 (HC)

hrilp-readinglisl,2008/2009
*Re Applications by Thomas and Paul [1986] LRC (Const) 285 (Trinidad and Tobago HC)
*Republic v. Taabere (1985) LRC (Crim) (Kiribati HC)
*Sookermany v. DPP (1996)2 LRC 292 (Trinidad and Tobago CA)
*State v. Heidenreich(1996) 2LRC 115 (Namibia HC)
*Uganda v Rosmary Tesimanai, Crim. Rev. Cause No. 13/1999 (HC)
*Ssemanda Alex Burton vUganda, Misc. Crim. Appln No. 157/1999 (HC)

e) Right of Access the Courts and other Administrative Bodies (vis-a-vis Ouster Clauses in Domestic Laws )

*Akonaay v Attorney General of Tanzania [1993] 4 LRC 327 (Tanzania CA) -Attorney General v
Kabourou [1995] 2 LRC 757 (Tanzania CA)

(ii) Rights attendant to the Administration of Criminal Justice and Trials

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts 28(i)(3)(4)(5)(8)(9)(10)(n)(i2) and 44(d) Advocates
(Amendment) Act, No. 27/2002, ss. 8 and 10.

) Right to be informed of the Nature of Criminal Offence in Language Understood by Accused and Right to an
Interpreter

* Andrea v. R [1970] EA 26 (Kenya HC)

-Jean Victor Beaulac v. The Queen [1999] 1 SCR 768(Canada SC)

g) Right to Presumption of Innocence

*Masiki Sosan & Another v. Uganda, Crim. Appeal No. 7/2002 (CA) *Omaria Chandia v. Uganda,
Crim. Appeal No. 23/2001 (SC) *The -Queen v Oakes [1987] LRC (Const) 477 (Canada SC)

*Tynes v. Barr [1996] 1 CHRLD 117 (The Bahamas HC)

h) Right to be afforded adequate time and facilities to prepare a defence (and to obtain attendance and
examination of Witnesses)

*Ding Yun Kim v. Uganda, Crim. Appeal No. 86/2007 (CA). *Kateera Swariki v. Uganda, Crim.
Appeal No. 41/2001 (CA). *Uganda v. Denis Obua, Crim. Appln No. 18/2005 (HC).

*Zakary Kataiyeba & Others v. Uganda [1996] HCB 16

) Right of Accused to Legal Representation (in some instances at the expense of the State) and Counsel of One's
Choice

*Balasundaram v Public Prosecutor [1996] 4 LRC 597 (Singapore SC)

*Centre for Legal Research and Another v State of Kerala [1987] LRC (Const) 54.4 (India SC)
*Ddumba Sebuliba Vincent alias Male Joseph v. Uganda, Crim. Appeal No. 85/2001 (CA) -Dunkley v
R [1994] 1 LRC 365 (Jamaica PC)
-Hone v. Maze Prison Board of Visitors,
-McCartan v Maze Prison Board of Visitors [1988] 1 AC
379; LRC (Const) 762 (United Kingdom HL)

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 *Joseph Kawooya v. Uganda, Crim. Appeal No. 50/1999 (SC)
-Makomberedze v Minister of State (Security) [1987] LRC (Const) 504 (Zimbabwe SC)
*Matia v. Uganda, Crim. Rev. Cause No. 5/1999 (HC)
-Mhone v. Attorney General [1996] 1 CHRLD 105 (Malawi HC)
*Muyimba & Others v. Uganda [1969] EA 433
*Mwanga &2 Others v. Uganda, Crim. Appeal No. 88/1999 (CA)
-Robertson v R [1997] 3 LRC 327 (New Zealand CA)
-Robinson v R [1986] LRC (Const.) 405 (Jamaica PC)
*Sookermany v. DPP [1996] 2 LRC 292 (Trinidad and Tobago CA)
*State v Vermaas;
-State v Du Plessis [1995] 2 LRC 557 (South Africa CC)
*State v. Heidenreich [1996] 2 LRC 115 (Namibia HC)
*Zakary Kataryeba & Others v. Uganda [1996] HCB 16

Kasirye, A, 'Establishing effective Legal Aid Services in Uganda' (Aug. 2003) Mo. 4 The East African
Lawyer 38

) Right to Equality' of Arms (see above)

k) Right against Ex Post Facto Legislation

*Salvatori Abuki & Anor v. Attorney General, Constitutional case No. 1/1997 1 (CC,SC)

(g) Right to Trial in the Presence of the Accused Person (prohibition of trial in absentia)
*Esau Namanda v. Uganda, Crim. App. No. 32 of 1991 [1993] 5 KaLR38

) Protection against Self-incrimination

m) Protection against Double Jeopardy

*Uganda Law Society v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 18/2005 (CC)

D. Rights to Good Governance and Pluralism - Freedoms to Conscience, Opinion, Assembly and
Association

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts.1 (4), 29(1) (b), (d) (e)„1(4 1, 38, 59, 69-74, 269,
etc.
Labour Unions Act, No. 7/2006 Movement Act, Cap.
-Penal Code Act, Cap. 110.
Police Act, Cap. 330, ss. 34-38
Political Parties & Organisations Act, No. 18/2005 (2002 POA repealed)

) Rights to Assembly and Association (and Freedom of Conscience, Political Opinion) (vis-a-vis Combating
estrictions on Activities of Political Parties)

*Christine Mulundika &7 Others v. The People [1996] 2 LRC 175 (Zambia SC

-Dr. James Rwanyarare &9 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Appln No. 6/2003 (CC)

*Dr. James Rwanyarare &9 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 7 2002 (CC)

*Dr. James Rwanyarare & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Case No. 1/1994 (HC)

*Dr. James Rwanyarare & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 11'1997 (CC)

*Dr. James Rwanyarare & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 5, 1999 (CC)

*Dr. Paul Ssemwogerere &5 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 2002 (CC) *Imanyara v.
Attorney General &Ors [1996] 1CHRLD 1 (Kenya HC)

In the Matter of The Free Movement, Complaint UHRC No. 671/1998 (UHRC)

*Mwanga Kivumbi v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 9/2005 (CC).

*New Patriotic Party (NPP) Headquarters v. Inspector-General of Police & Others, Writ No. 4/1993,
30 Nov. 1993 (Ghana SC).
*ReMunhumeso & Others [1994] 1 LRC 282 (Zimbabwe SC)

9
 -Reform Party of Canada v. Attorney General of Canada (1995) 117 DLR (4th) 366 (Canada SC)
*Rev. Christopher Mtikila v. Attorney General, Civil Case No 5/1991 (Tanzania HC).
United Parties v Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs and Othe rs [1998] 1 LRC 614
(Zimbabwe SC)
*Chanda, A., Constitutionality of the Public Order Amendment Act and its Application to Date',
HumanRights Oserver. vol. 3, Oct. 2000 (in respect of ChristineMulundikacase).•Jjukko, F.W., The
State, Democracy and Constitutionalism in Africa' (1995) 2(1) EastAfr.J PeaceHum.Rights1.
-Kasfir, N., 'No-Party Democracy in Uganda' (1998) 9(2) JournalofDemocracy49
Mamdani, M., 'Pluralism and the Right of Association' CBR Working Paper No. 28 (1993) *Mamdani,
M., 'The Politics ol Democratic Reform in Uganda' (19Q5JEastAfr.JPeaceHum. Rights91.
*Mugagga H., 'Movement Poster Man in Jail' TheMonitor.26 May 2000.
*0loka-Onyango & Mugaju (eds), No-PartyDemocracyinUganda(Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2000).
*Ssenkumba, J., 'Democracy: Neutralising Opposition Politics under the NRM' (1996) 3(2) East
Afr.JPeaceHum.Rights.
-Human Rights Watch, Hostile to Democracy: The Movement System and Political Repression in
Uganda, New York, October 1999

(ii) Right to Vote and Participate in Public Affairs and Government.

*Dr. James Rwanyarare &9 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Appln No. 6/2003 (CC)
*Rtd. Col. Dr. Kizza-Besigye v. Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, Election Petition No. 1/2001 (SC)(esp.
judgment of Odoki, CJ) (SC)
*Rtd. Col. Dr. Kizza-Besigye v. Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, Election Petition No. 1/2006 (SC) United
Parties v Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs and Others [1998] 1 LRC 614
(Zimbabwe SC)

(iii) Associational Rights of Workers

* Dr. Sam Lyomoki &5 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 8/2004 (CC)

E. Right to Religious Belief and Freedom of Worship

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts.29(b) and (c).

*Sharon Dimanche &2 Others v. Makerere University, Const. Appeal No. 2/2004 (SC)

*Sharon Dimanche &2 Others v. Makerere University, Const. Pet. No. 1/2003 (CC)

*Hy and Zel's Inc v. Attorney General of Ontario [1994] 1 LRC 227 (Canada SC).

*R v. Big M Drug Mart [1986] LRC (Const) 332 (Canada SC).

*Re J (an Infant): B & B v. Director-General of Social Welfare [1996]3CHRLD 419 (New Zealand
CA).
*Musana, P., What is Religion, Cult or Sect? Are there Signs that Freedom of Worship is being
Abused? (2000) vol. 3, No. 7 Your
Rights
*Rukooko, A.B., 'Is Freedom of Religion absolute? - Lessons from Kanungu Tragedy' (2000) vol. 3, No. 7
*Tamale, S, 'Cults and Sects in Uganda: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (2000) vol. 3, No. 7

F. Freedom of Expression and the Press

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, art.29(i)(a) Penal Code Act, Cap. no, ss. 42, 50, etc.
Press & Journalists Act, Cap. -

*Andrew Mwenda v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No, 12/2005 (CC)(pending)

*Bobby Art International v. Om Pal Singh Hoon & Others [1997] 3 LRC 1 (India SC)

*Haruna Kanabi v. Uganda, Crim. Appeal No. 72/1995 (HC)

*In the Matter of a Play 'The Vagina Monologues', ruling of the Media Counc , 16 Feb. 2005 -John
Nagenda v. Monitor Publications. Civ. Suit No. 696 of 1992
*Layla Cassim and Crawford College, SAHRC Case No. 2/1998 (SAHRC)

*Mail; Chavunduka & Another v. Minister of Home Affairs & Another, Case ' 0. 36/2000.(Zimbabwe
SC)

10
 *Onyango-Obbo & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Appeal No. 2/2000 (S.C) *Onyango-Obbo &
Another v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 15/199 (CC)•Public Prosecutor v Pung Chen Choon
[1994] 2 LRC 236 (Malaysia SC).
-R v. Zundel [1992] 2 SCR 731 (SC).
*Sata v. Post Newspapers Ltd (No.2) [1995] 2 LRC 61 (Zambia SC).
*Uganda Journalists Safety Committee &2 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 7/1997 (CC)
*Uganda Journalists Safety Committee & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 6/1997 (CC)
*Uganda v. Frank Nyakairu &2 Others, Crim. Case No. 1600/2002 (MC)
*Uganda v. Haruna Kanabi & Another, Crim. Case No. U997/1995 (MC)
*Uganda v. Onyango-Obbo & Another. Crim. Case No. U2636/1997 (MC)
Uganda v. Rajat Noegy & Abu Mayanja, (The Transition case)38 Transition47-9

*Jjuuko, FW, 'To Ban or not to Ban' (2005) 11(2) EastAfr.J.Peace&Hrgh,172

- Makubuya, AN, The "Vagina Monologues" Saga and Free Expression in Uganda: Exploring the
Limits' (2005) 11(2) EastAfr.J.Peace&Hrgts165
McNeil, CA., 'Search and Seizure of the Press' (1996) 34(1) OsgoodeHallLawJournal176
*'Gold case: Penal Code Wrong to Limit Speech', TheMonitor,3-5, 8 May 2 :>oo
-Mendel, T., 'False News Provisions: The Mark Chavunduka and Ray Choto case in Zimbabwe -
-Media Law and Practice in Southern Africa', Series Paper No. 15 (Oct. 200I)
*Ssemujju, IN, 'Terrorism Law spells Doom for Press Freedom in Uganda' 2002) vol. V, No. 1
YowRights19
*Twinomugisha, B.S, 'How Free is the Media in Uganda?' (1998)4(2) East\fr.JPeaceHum. Rights170
*Uganda Journalists Safety Committee, AnnualReportontheMediaSituationinUganda,1998

G. Right of Access to Information

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, art.41 The Access to Information Act, No. 6/2005
*Attornev General v. Chief Editor, Monitor Publications Ltd. &Another, Misc. Appln No. 675/2003
(HC)
•Attorney General v. Major General David Tinyefuza, Const. Appeal No. 1 1997 (SC)
•Dr. Paul Ssemwogerere &2 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Appeal N0 1/2000 (SC)
Dr. Paul Ssemwogerere &5 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Appeal No 1/2002 (SC)
•Green Watch (U) Ltd. v. Attorney General & Another, HCCS 139/2001 (HC)
•Major General David Tinyefuza v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 1 /1996 (CC)
•Zachaiy Olum & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 7/199' ; (CC)
•Onoria, H.,Realisation and Enforcement of the Right of Access to Information in Uganda, 1995-2005'
(2005) MakerereLawJournal39

H. Rights of Women and Children (and other marginalized groups - disabled

persons, minorities, etc.)

Constitution of the R e p u b l i c o f Uganda, 1995, arts.2(2), 21, 22(2;, 31, 32, 33. etc. (also:
arts. 34-36).
Children's Statute, cap 59
Citizenship and Immigration Control Act, No. 3 of 1999-
Domestic Relations Bill 1998-2001.
Land Act, 1998.

(a) Rights of Women (and Girl-Children) vis-avis Culture, Customs and Traditions

*Uganda v. John Eduku (1975) HCB 359 *Uganda v. Jenina Kyanda (1977) HCB 23 *Gakwavu v.
Gasengaire (1977) HCB 231 *Nakaggwa v. Kiggundu (1978) HCB 310
*Maliam Adekur & Another v. James Opaja & Another, Const. Pet. No. 2/1997.Best Kemigisha v.
Komuntale & Anor, Civil Suit No. 5/1998 (HC) -Karuru v. Nseri [1968] EA 361 *I v. I [1975] EA 278
(Kenya)
*Ephrahim v. Pastory [1990] LRC (Const) 757 (Tanzania HC)
-Ndamu Ogutu & Another v. John Okumu, Civil Appeal No. 15 of 1982 (Kenya)
*Unity Dow v. Attorney General [1991] LRC (Const) 574; [1992] LRC (Const) 623 (Botswana HC and
SC)
*State v. Kule [1991] PNGLR 404 (Papua New Guinea)

*Luganda, P., 'This Custom Treats the Woman as a Chattel to Satisfy Ritual Values and treats her as Sub-
Human', NewVision, 6 April 1999, p. 19 (in respect of the 'Nakku' custom) Masapi, C, 'Should Women
Dance for our Politicians', TheMonitor.24 May 2000

(b) Right to Gender Equality (and Freedom from Discrimination on Grounds of Sex, etc.

11
 *Ajanta Kethan Thakkar v. Kethan Thakkar, Divorce Cause No. 3/2002 (HC)
*Annette Nakalema Kironde v. Apollo Kaddu Mukasa Kironde & Another, Divorce Cause No. 6/2001
(HC)
*Benner v Secretary of State of Canada [1997] 2 LRC 469 (Canada SC)
*Best Kemigisha v. Mable Komuntale & Another, Civil Suit No. MFP5/1998 (HC)
*Devathi v. Union of India [1989] LRC (Const) 628 (India SC).
*Dr. Specioza Wandira Naigaga Kazibwe v. Eng. Charles Nsubnga Kazibwe, Divorce Cause No. 3/2003
(HC)
*Jane Yia v. John Yia, Mengo Divorce Cause No. 4/1997 (MC)
*John Muwanga Kintu v. Myllious Gafabusa Kintu, Divorce Appeal No. 135/1997 (MC)
*Law & Advocacy for Women in Uganda v. Attorney General, Const. Petition Nos. 5 & 13/2005 (CC)
*Lindsay Davidson v. Anthony Davidson, Divorce Cause No. 11/2002 (HC)
*Longwe v. Intercontinental Hotels [1993] 4 LRC 221 (Zambia SC)

•Maliam Adekur & Another v. James Opaja & Another, Const. Petition No. 1/1997 (CC)

*Monica Lub v. Dirk Peter Lub, Divorce Cause No. 47/1997 (HC) *Nawakwi v. Attorney *General of
Zambia [1993] 3 LRC 231 (Zambia HC) *Rattigan v. Chief Immigration Officer [1994] 1 LRC 343
(Zimbabwe SC) *Salem v. Chief Immigration Officer [1994] 1 LRC 354 (Zimbabwe SC)
*Student Representative Council of Molepolole College of Education v. Attorney General [1995] 3
LRC 447 (Botswana CA)
*Uganda Women Lawyers Association &5 Others v. Attorney General, Constitutional Case No.
2/2003(CC)
*Uganda v. Yiga Hamidu & Others, Crim. Session Case No. 5/2002 (HC).
*Vicent L'Okucha Emoru v. Sarah Nabunya Emoru & Another, Mengo Divorce Cause No. 28/2000
(MC)

*Vishaka v State of Rajasthan [1997] 3 LRC 361 (India SC)

*Ekirikubinza-Tibatemwa, L., 'Property Rights, Institutional Credit and Gemer in Uganda' (1995) 2(1)
EastAfr.JPeaceHum.Rights.
*Okumu-Wengi, J., Weeding the Millet Field: Women's Law and Grass root justice in Uganda
(Kampala: Uganda Law Watch, 1997)
*Okumu-Wengi, R., 'Alleviation of Discrimination against Women' (1992) 1(2UgandaLaw SocietyRev
*Tamale, S., 'Rape Law and Violation of Women in Uganda: A Critical Perspe. tive' (1992) 1(2)
UgandaLawSocietyRev
*Tamale, S., 'Law Reform and Women's Rights in Uganda' (1993) 1(2) EastAfr.JPeaceHum. Rights
*Tamale, S, 'Gender and Affirmative Action in post -1995 Uganda: A New Dispensation, or Business
as Usual?', in Oloka-Onyango, J (ed.), Constitutionalism in Africa Creating Opportunities, Facing
Challenges (Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2001) 21
*Tuhaise, NP & E Kibalama, Affirmative Action and the Status of Women in Uganda' (2000) 6(1)
East\fr.J.Peace&Hrgts98
*Freeman, MA., 'Measuring Equality: A Comparative Perspective on Women ; Legal Capacity and
Constitutional Rights in Five Commonwealth Countries' (1990) 16(4) ComvLawBull.1418 *Lubna, M.,
'Wither Equal Rights 9 ', TheDailyStar,vol. 1, No. 165, 26 Jan. 1098
Ministry of Women in Development, Government ReportontheImplemeitationofthe
ConventionontheEliminationofDiscriminationagainstWomen (1991)

(c) Rights to Termination of Pregnancy vis-a-vis Sexual Health and Reproductive Rights
*Daigle v. Tremblay, Attorney General of Canada and Others intervening [1090] LRC (Const) 578
(Canada SC)
*F v. West Berkshire Health Authority and Another, Mental Health Act Commission intervening
[1990] LRC (Const) 5" (United Kingdom HL)
*Morgentaler and Others v. R [1990] LRC (Const) 242 (Canada SC)
*Winnipeg Child and Family Services (Northwest Area) v. D.F.G. (and Others intervening) [1997] 3
SCR 925 (Canada SC)

G. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

a) The place of ESCRs in Uganda, role of the National Objectives and Directive Principles of
State Policy

b) Article 8A and its impact on the justiciability of ESCRs

12
 c) Right to Property and Interests in Property

d) Right to a Clean Environment

e) Rights to Education, Food, Clean Water, Health Care, Decent Shelter, etc.

f) Right at Work (inch work in safe/favourable conditions)

g) Right to Profess and Practice Culture, Custom or Tradition

h) Recent litigation on ESCRs

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, NODPSP arts. 8A, 26, 37, 39-40, 246

 Frederick E. Ssempebwa v. Attorney General, Constitutional Case No. 1/1987

 Julius Peter Okot v. Attorney General, Complaint No. G /149/2000 (UHRC)

 Phillip Karugaba v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 11/2002 (CC

 Salvatori Abuki & Anor v. Attorney General, Constitutional case No. 1 of 1997
 Lady Kezia Rukiidi &Another v. John Katuramu & another, Civil Suit No. 598/1996 (HC)
 National Association of Professional Environmentalists (NAPE) v. AES Nile Power Ltd, Misc. Cause
No. 268/100.) ( I K )
 Ostraco Ltd. v.AttorneyGeneral, HCCS No. 1380/86 (HC)
 Pyarali Abdul Kasulr Ismail v. Adrain Sibo, Constitutional Case No. 1,1997 (CC)
 Ramakrishnan & Ors v State of Kerala & Ors, O.P. No. 24160 of 1998-A, Judgment of 12 February 1999
(India HC)
 Ronald Reagan Okumu & Another v. Attorney General, Misc. Application No. 63/2003 (HC)
 The Environment Action Network Ltd. (TEAN) v. Attorney General & Another, Misc. Application
No. 39/2001 (HC)
 Vishaka v State of Rajasthan [1997] 3 LRC 361 (India SC)

* Carla H., 'Developing Environmental Legislation for Sustainable Development in Small Island States:
Some Legal Considerations from the Commonwealth Caribbean' (1996) 22 Comm.Law Bull.1208.
*Mugambwa, J., 'Article 26(2) of the 1995 Constitution of Uganda and the Protection of Private Property'
(1998) 4(2) East Afr.J PeaceHum.Rights.

B. Enforcement and Litigation of Human Rights and Freedoms before the Courts

(i) Existence of Liberal Locus Standi Provisions in Facilitating Access to Courts (and Provision for Legal Aid)
and Instance of 'Public Interest' Litigation

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1095, art.50(2)

*BAT v. The Environment Action Network (TEAN),Misc. Appln No.27/200 . (HC)

*Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Zimbabwe v. Attorney General [1993] 2 LRC279
(Zimbabwe SC)
*Green Watch (U) Ltd. v. Attorney General, Misc. Appln No.92/2004 (HC) :
*
Issa Kikungwe & 4 Others v. Standard Bank & 3 Others, Misc. Appln Nos304 & 395/2004 (HC)
* Hy and Zel's Inc v. Attorney General of Ontario [1994] 1 LRC227 (Canada SC)
*Rev. Christopher Mtikila v. Attorney General, Civil CaseNo5/1991 (Tanzania HC) *Rwanyarare &
Another v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No.11/1997 (CC)
*Student Representative Council of Molepolole College ofEducation v.Attorney General [1995] 3 LRC447
(Botswana CA).
*Tellis v Bombay Municipal Corporation [1987]LRC (Const) 351 (India SC)
*The Environment Action Network Ltd. (TEAN)v. Attorney' General & Another, Misc. Appln. No.39/2001 (HC)
*United Parties v Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs and Others [1998] LRC614 (Zimbabwe
SC)

*Bhagwati, 'Human Rights as Evolved by the Jurisprudence ofthe Supreme Court ofIndia' (1987)
Comm.LawBull.239
*Karugaba, P, 'Public Interest Litigation in Uganda: Practice & Procedure, Pitfalls & Landmarks' (2004-5)
MakerereLawJournal

( ii) Burden of proof in constitutional Rights Litigation

*Kauesa v Minister Home Affairs [1994] 2 LRC 263 (Namibia HC)

*Public Prosecutor v Pung chen Choon [1994] 2 LRC 236 (Malaysia SC)

13
*Republic v Mbushuu (1994) 2 LRC 335 (Tanzania CA)
*The Queen v Oakes | 10871 LRC (Const) 477 (Canada SC)

(iii) Protection of Constitutional Rights against Retrogressive Amendments

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, art. 92
*'Frederick E. Ssempebwa v. Attorney General, Constitutional Case No. 1 of 1986.
*Ngui v Republic of Kenya [1986] LRC (Const) 308 (Kenya HC)
*Shah v. Uganda [1969] EA 261
*Uganda v. Okot (1987) HCB 4
Kesavananda v State of Kerala AIR 1973 SC 1461 (India SC)

(iv) Procedures for Instituting Petitions (and Principle against Procedural

Technicalities)

-Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts. 50(1), 126(2)(e).

-Civil Procedure & Limitation (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, No. 20 of 1969
-Civil Procedure & Limitation (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Statute, 2000
-Fundamental Rights and Freedoms (Enforcement Procedure) Rules, SI 26/1992
-Constitutional Court (Petitions of Declaration under Article 137 of the Constitution) Direction Legal Notice
No. 4 of 1996

*BAT v. The Environment Action Network (TEAN), Misc. Appln No. 27/2003 (HC)

*Dr. James Rwanyarare &2 Others v. Attorney General, Misc. Appln. No. 8s/1993(HC)

*Dr. James Rwanyarare &9 Ors v. Attorney General, Const. Appln No. 3/2002 (CC)

*Dr. Rwanyarare & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 11/1997 (CC)

*Fox Odoi-Oywelowo & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 8/2003
*Joyce Nakacwa v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 2/2001 (CC)
*Norbert Mao v. Attorney General, Const. Petition No. 9/2002 (CC)
*Oketcho v. Attorney General, Misc. Appln No. 124/1999 (HC)
*The Environment Action Network Ltd. (TEAN) v. Attorney General & Another, Misc. Appln. No.
39/2001 (HC)
*Uganda v. Commissioner of Prisons, exparteMatovu [1966]EA 514 (CA)
*Uganda Women Lawyers Association &5 Others v. Attorney General, Const. Case No. 2/2003 (CC)
* Pumbun v. Attorney General [1993] 2 LRC 317 (Tanzania CA)

* Kasule, R.K., 'The Civil Procedure & Limitation (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, No. 20 of 1969: An
Obnoxious Statute' (1995) 1(2) UgandaLawSocietyJournal
*Oloka-Onyango, J., 'Expunging the Ghost of exparte Matovu: Challenges Facing the Ugandan Judiciary in the
1995 Constitution' (1996) MakerereLawJournal141

(v) Constitutional Remedies for Violations of Human Rights and Freedoms -

Compensation (Damages), Habeas Corpus, Mandamus. Certiorari, Declaration,
Judicial Review, etc.

Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts.23, 50, 137

Judicature Act, 1996

*Byrne v. Ireland & Anor [1972] IR 241 (Ireland SC)

*Dr. James Rwanyarare &9 Ors v. Attorney General. Constitutional Application No. 6/2002 (CC)
*Frederick E. Ssempebwa v. Attorney General, Constitutional Case No. 1/1987.
*George William Alenyo v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. Xo. 5/2000 (CC)
* Ibingira & Others v. Uganda [1966]EA 305.
*Julius Peter Okot v. Attorney General, Complaint No. G/149/2000 (UHRC)
*Nagendra Rao & Co. v.State of Andhra Pradesh [1994] AIR 2663 (India SC)
*Osotraco (U) Ltd. v. Attorney General, HCCS 1380/1986 (HC)
*Uganda Law Society v. Attorney General, Constitutional Application No. 7/2003 (CC)
*Mohau, K.K., 'The Writ of Habeas Corpus and the Protection of the Right to Liberty under Lesotho's
Judicial System: A Review of Some Recent Cases' (1990) Lesotho Law Journal.
*Kathurima M'Inoti, 'The Reluctant Guard: The High Court and the Doctrine of Constitutional Remedies in
Kenya' (1991)34NLM 17.

C. Constitutional Interpretation vis-a-vis Provisions on Human Rights and

14
Freedoms

(a) Presumption of Constitutionality

(b) Generous and Purpose (and Contextual) Interpretation of Human Rights Provisions v. Restrictive
Interpretation of Limitations (Claw-back Clauses).
(c) Reference to Foreign Law and International Human Rights Norms /Standards
(d) Other Aids to Interpretation - Preamble (and postamble), Marginal Notes, Historical Background

•Attorney General of The Gambia v. Jobe [1985] LRC (Const) 556 (The Gambia PC).

•Attorney General v. Major-General Tinyenfunza, Const. Appeal No. 1/1997 (esp. judgments of
Kanyeihamba, JSC and Oder, JSC).

•Bell v DPP [1986] LRC (Const) 392(Jamaica PC).

*Dr. Rwanyarare & Another v Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 11/1997 (CC)
*George William Alenyo v.Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 5/2000 (CC).
*In the Matter of Sheik Abdul Karim Ssentamu, Const. Pet. No. 7/1998.
*In the Matter of The Free Movement, UHRC Case No. 671/98.
•Ismail Serugo v. Kampala City Council, Constitutional Appeal No. 2/1998 (esp. judgment of Mulenga,
JSC).
•Joyce Nakacwa v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 2/2001 (CC). *Onvango-Obbo & Another v.Attorney
General, Const. Pet. No. 15/1997.
-R v. Big M Drug Mart [1986]LRC (Const) 332(Canada SC).
•State v. Makwanyane &Another[1995]1LRC 269 (South Africa CC).
•Tellis and Others v. Bombay Municipal Corporation and Others [1987] LRi (Const) 351 (India
SC)
•Uganda Journalists Safety Committee & Others v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 6/1997 (CC)
•Uganda Journalists Safety Committee & Others v, Attorney General, Const. P L No. 7/1997 (CC)
-A juvenile v State [1989]LRC (Const) 774 (Zimbabwe SC)
-Kauesa v Minister of Home Affairs [1994] 2LRC 263 (Namibia HC)
-Minerva Mills v. Union of India AIR 1980SC 1843 (India SC)
-Public Prosecutor v Pung Chen Choon [1994] 2LRC 236 (Malaysia SC)
-Republic v Mbushuu [1994]2LRC 335(Tanzania CA)
-Societe United Docks v Government of Mauritius [1985] LRC (Const] 801 (Mauritius SC and PC).

*Kirby M., 'The Impact of International Human Rights Norms -A 'Law Undergoing Evolution" (1996) 22
Comm. Law Bull. 1181.
*Webb, H, 'The Constitutional Court of South Africa: Rights Interpretation and Comparative Constitutional
Law' (1998)1(2)Univ. of Pennsylvania Journal of Const.Law
•Sengendo, R. 'A Review of the Supreme Court Decision in the case of Kyamai ijwa v.Uganda' (2001) 7(1)
East Afr.J.Peace &Hrgts 146-9
•Sengendo, R. & J. Katalikawe, 'Revisiting the Question of Application or Interpretation of the 1995
Constitution: A Critical Examination' (2001) 7(2) East Afr.J.Peace&Hrits307 Judicial Colloquia,
Developing Human Rights Jurisprudence: The Domestic Application of International Human Rights
Norms (1992-)(Commonwealth Secretariat)

PART IV: RESTRICTIONS AND LIMITATIONS UPON HUMAN RIGHTS

This final part of the course examines the issue of limitations placed upon the enjoyment of human rights
and freedoms Ivy derogation and claw-back clauses.

(i) Meaning, Nature and Content of Limitation Clauses - Criteria for Permissible Limitations: Protection
of Rights of Others and Public Interest (reasonableness and justifiability in a 'free and democratic society')

 Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts.28. 43-44,46et seq.

 Police Act, Cap 330. Penal Code Act, Cap. 110.

 Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002.

*DPP v Pete [1991] LRC (Const) 553 (Tanzania CA)

*Dr. Paul Ssemwogerere & Others v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 5/2002 (CC)
*Haruna Kanabi v. Uganda. Criminal Appeal No. 72 of 1995 (Justice Lugayizi)
*Mark Chavunduka & Anor v. Minister of Home Affairs & Anor, Case No. 36/2000, (Zimbabwe
SC).
*Onyango-Obbo & Another v. Attorney General, Constitutional Appeal No. 1/2002 (SC)

15
*Onyango-Obbo & Another v. Attorney General, Const. Pet. No. 15/1997(especially dissenting
opinion of Twmomujuni, JA)
*R v Oakes [1987] LRC (Const) 477 (Canada SC)
*R v. Big M Drug Mart [1986] LRC (Const) 332 (Canada SC)
*Re Munhumeso & Others [1994] 1 LRC 282 (Zimbabwe SC).
*Rev. Christopher Mtikila v. Attorney General, Civil Case No 5/1991(Tanzania HC).
*Rwanyarare & Others v. Attorney General, Misc. App. No. 85of 1995(Constitutional Case No. 1 of
1994)
*Uganda v. Haruna Kanabi, Criminal Case No. U .997 of 1995 (Munaaba). •Ugandav Okot (10871 HCB
4
*New Patriotic Part)- (NPP) Headquarters v. Inspector-General of Police & Others, Writ No. 4/1993.
30 Nov. 1993 (Ghana SC)
*Retrofit (Pvt) Ltd v Minister of Information [1996] 4 LRC 512 (Zimbabwe SC)

•'Gold Case: Penal Code wrong to Limit Speech', The Monitor, 3-5, 8 May 2000

•Mwesigye, P., 'New Laws to Curb Terrorism', The Sunday Vision, 18July 1999

(ii) State of Emergency (and derogation) - Emergency Powers and Preventive Detention

 Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, arts.44, 4 6 seq

*Attorney General v Juma [1985] LRC (Const) 635 (Zambia SC).
*Austin v Chairman, Detainees' Review Tribunal [1988] LRC (Const) 532 (Zimbabwe SC)
*Lim Chin v Inspector-General of Police [1988] LRC (Const) 477 (Malaysia SC)
*Minister of Home Affairs v Austin [1987] LRC (Const) 567 (Zimbabwe SC);
* Rao v A-G [1989] LRC (Const) 527 (Zambia SC)
* Salvatori Abuki & Anor v. Attorney General, Constitutional Case No. 1/1997(0:)
*Sia - Kwong Sang v Inspector General of Police [1992] LRC (Const) 502(Malaysia SC) *State of
Punjab v Talwandi [1985] LRC (Const) 600 (India SC)

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