way systems, terminology and designs, relating to gouge, tack, controls transit, rolling tractive power and rack modernization, Mamtenatces Appunsanewetke Contaneiction Sleepers and Track Fasteners Ballast and Soil Sub grade, ‘Stresses on Railway Track and Creep of Rll (GeometrtDesign ofthe Track Points and Crossings ‘Stations and Yards and Equipments in Station Yards Signaling and Control System ‘Traction and Tractve Resistance, ‘Chapter cre i fis Rail, Ralway and Ral Joints 145748 rar —149 750751 752 ~753, 754758 759-764 1765766 1167769 72—773EER_1ES-2011 4. Match List with Listil and select the correct ‘answer using the code given below the lists sti sta "A. Rats __|1. Connect one secon of rail to ox 1B Sleopers [2 Convert ine load into uniformly slstibuod ood ©. Batt |9. Conver point oa nt unitormty disibuted fad | Fish Plates [4 Convert ong loads into point toad 8) ‘Codes: A 8 cD @4a24 m1 23 4 @s2a4 @1 324 GREE_1es-2000 TERSRAEAS Directions: The following items consist of two statements, one labeled tho Assertion A’ and the other labelled the Reason R. You are fo examine these wo statements carefuly and decide ifthe Assertion A and the Reason R are incvidualy tue and so, whether the ‘Reason is 2 correct explanation ofthe Assertion . Select yur answers to these ems using the codes given below and mark your answor sheet accordingly. Codes: (@) Both A and R are true and R Is corect ‘explanation of A (0) Both A and R are true but Ris not a correct explanation of A (e) Ais true but R is False (@) Ais false but R is te 2. Assertion (A): Coning of wheels in rallways does not cause wear tear of the wheels Reason (R): The rails are tited at angle of 1 {in 20 to reduce the wear and tear onthe ral ‘as ell ae on the tread of tho whoos, EE 1cs-201s 3. Which one ofthe folowing types of see is used In the manufacturing of metro ane: mono rails? (©) Cost stoot (6) Bessemer steo! (6) Mid stoot (0) Manganese steet TES MASTER Publication4. (@) Fah plats re used or connecting enero ret ra ‘Sleepers transfer pint oad tothe fom of nfo dtr os, Balas taster lod to th for of unfomny distrbuted load Ras convert oling ses of weet nto point loads ard transfer it to sleepers. 2. (a) Advaniage of coring f whee ® Provide seit centering effect of 5 whee! acer. (Reduces wear and ‘ear of fangs 2 But conng alone will cause excessive wear {and tear t who! head ane rll Hence Sting of rall ia 1 in 20 Is done to eliminate this problem, thay = ‘Correct option is () Manganese steel is used in the ‘manufacturing of metro and mono rails,“| SLEEPERS AND TRACK FASTENERS GE_Ics-1997 1 Consider the following statements about Concrete sleepers: 4. Thoy improve the track modulus. 2. They have good scrap value. 3, They render transportation e3sy 4, They maintain tha gauge quite satisfactory. OF these statements (0) 1 &2.are comect (b) 2 & 3 are correct (0) 3.& 4 are comect (6) 1 & 4 are conct EEE_IEs-1999 2 Fora sleopor density of (n+ 5), number of sleepers requiod for constructing a broad gauge (BG) fallway track of length 650 m is 975 918 (© 900 (@ 880 ee a ist ist Pandroicip | 4. Fixing tho tie bars with the Cl sleepers Densometer | 2 Moscuromentof packing valde under the sleeper ends . Vieeurs mite | 3. Measurement of unevenness (of ral top and recification of alignment Coters 4. Elastic ral fastening Match List I with List W and select the corect Codes: A B cD @1 32 4 Os o@1 23 m4 s24 G_Ics-2003 SA 4 Breathing length of LIVR isthe (@) End portion which gals affected by temperature veraon (0) End portion which doos not get affected by temporatue variation (Central portion which gots effected by tempersture variation (@) Centra portion which does not get affected by temperature variation TES-2004 Assertion (A): OST-9 sloop, « type of metal ‘sleeper, has been extensively used by Indian Railways due to its uniform strength, ‘economical and satisfactory performance. Reason (R) : Metal slosper is an Inverted channel with folded ends. The folded edges which form @ bulb which resist the damage caused by the packing of ballast. [ERE 1es.2010 A ‘Assertion (A); The pandrol olip is a fit ‘and forget type of fastening and is made from silleen manganese spring stee! bar and heat ‘woatod. TES MASTER PublicationReason (R): The pandrei clip has a point contact ‘and causes indentation on the rll duo to heavy too lead and small contact area, S2R2EE_ies-2014 7. ‘Composite Sleeper Index’ is employed to termina (@) Stooper density eoquirement (b) Number of faduresrequited fora certain ype of sleeper {6) Durability of sleeper (©) Mechanical strength of wooden sleeper whereby its suitably for use is assessed Which of the following types of Elastic fastenings can be used on al type of ‘stsepers (like Wooden, Cast-Iron or Concrete) on Indian Rallays? (@) Sigma clip (©) IRN-202 ap (©) LG-20 Lock spike (6) Panola. 4 @ 6 8. 10. Civ Engineering GSE 1es.2018 ‘Composite Sleeper Index’ is relevant in termini: 1. Requred and adoptable sleeper density 2 Durability o sleeper uns ‘3 Mechanical strength of the stock of wooden ‘sleepers Which ofthe above statements ‘lars comect?” (@) 1.and2 only) 2 and 3 only (© tony (@ 8 only -2020 aaa For the constuction of 640m fg 8. raivay track by using a slopor dena of M+ 5, and the lengthof each rails 12.8 m, the numberof Stoopers required wil bo (@) 1000 (©) 800 (@ 800 (@ 700 ANSWER KEY B @ ) [eee | a © 1 (8) Concrete slepers have higher elaste maddus ‘and hence can withstand the stresses induced by fast and heavy trafic, Concrete sleepers With elas fastenings offer an ideal track in respect of gauge, crase-evel ano align nent ‘The scrap value Ie almost il and sleepers ae very heavy, requir the mechanical apoiances for handing. (©) On Indian rattways standard length of BS rail 213m 0, total m0. of rll required In 650 m 650 oe sorais Sleaper density = n + 5 = length of ri So, sleeper density No. of steers ‘Dae te development of technology and welding processes new long welded sails of length 200 = 300 m car be made Panarot clip: it 1s an elastic fastener (sof tensioning clip), mostly used in concrete sleepers.CiLEngineering Densometer: This measures the depression of slooper under a passing ain Visour and Mire: Use to measure the unevenness of ral fp. Cotters: Cotters are used to connect the Cl sleoper plato to the te bar. 4.(@) Breathing length isthe length at each of long \welded rails which is subjected to expansion ‘or contraction on account of variation in temperature 5.(6) Reason is correct a, if we put metal sleeper ‘on ballast, takes a grip on the ballast and prevents Its tendency of escaping out Assertion i also corect as CST-9 isa metal ‘leoper which was extensively used in eatir ays since it can resist more load, Also it was economical "Note: Bist nowadays, mostly PSC dleaperd are being 6 (©) Indian raiway uses ERC Mark Ill based on ppandrol clip as elastic fastener to connect ral to slesper 2 @ a@ 2@ 10.) ‘Once a clip is fired in postion the clip is expected to maintain its desired toe load witout any subsequent attention The dip produces toe load on fet of sleeper with smell contact area, Hence causes Indentation onthe ral foot. ‘Composite Sleeper Index’ is employed to etermine mechanical strength of wooden sleepers. Srength and hardness of wood at 12% molture content Is used to determine CSI of wooden sleeper. Slooper density = M+ 5 No, of sleeper in 12,8 m length of rll 18 = 18 No. of sleeper in 640 m, 2845 Long 8G rail TES MASTER PublicationBALLAST AND SOIL SUB GRADE TES-1998 with sleeper density of (M+ 5) and bottom width of 22.22 om? 1. Consider the following surveys: (@) 25 om (b) 21em 4. Reconnaissance suvey (6) 8 om (6) 20 am 2. Proliminay survey a TES-2020 2. Trafic survey : Locaion soy 3. Wien ona ofthe folowing statement is corect Location suvey rogarding bast used for alway tracks? “The comect sequence in uhich these surveys ara ieee ieee area (@ The minimum depth of ballast for 8.6 conauced before the agent of «tack tosten 620 om 25 om (b) The quantity of stone ballast required for one Seam Sela metre length of track is 0.53 m for B.G. 3142 3124 sector GQREBEC TES-2075 (9 For MG seaton owl of baat 2. What be the optimum death of bla cushion Onetec cmc require fora BG raay rack below te sloopers Sees ee ANSWER KEY @PC 1@) 2.(@) “The sequence of survey to be conducted for ‘xing best possible alignment is () Trafic sxvey (2) Revonnsissance survey (@) Preliminary survey oF survey for inital location (4) Survey fr final locaton or etal’ survey Length of each rail on 86 rack = 12.8 m Sleeper densily = M+ 5 128452178 28m Spacing = SEP = 71.9 om 3(@) ee ‘Optimum depth of ballast S-W _ 719-222 oh = TR 24.04 Minimum depth of ballast for SWR and LWR is 200 mm and 250 mm respectively. Quantity of stone ballast for BG per meter varies from 0.964 m! to 2.618 mt Wiath of ballast for MG is 229 Hen Balas GFN TREE TES MASTER PublicationSTRESSES ON RAILWAY TRACK AND CREEP OF RAIL TES-2007 4. Which one of the folowing is not related to theories of eeep of rails? (@) Wave theory _(b) Peroussion theory (6) Drag theory —_() Reversal theory IES-2014 ‘According to the wave action theory for ewe of rails, the pitch and depth of wave depend uscn: 4. Soction of als 2, Track medulus 3. Stress of track 4, Stability of oundation 5. Weight ofthe train Which of these are correct? @) 1 and 2 only () 1, 2and 3 (2, 3and4 (93, 4and 5 [I 1es-2020 3. As por Indian Raliway Board, the impact factor i also known as cosfcint of dyamic augment, (CDA) in steal girders for single rack span is @ [015.52 ]r10 ort) o» [orsegS,Jos0 «9 [owsig8 0 s «9 [orseg8]+10 where, Lis span \Which one of the folowing statement i correct regarcing cumal fiction? (@) Caused due tothe wave action of rats (©) The amount does not depend upen the type of beaing (©) For rotor bearings vai from 0.5 1.0 kg per torne (@) For ccupled boxes, it lubricates by hard ‘grease from 0.5 kg to 1.0 kg per tonne ANSWER KEYEngineering EDL cuwnos ERS 4. (@)Thevvaious theories for explaining the probable ‘causes of creep in ral are: () Wave Theory: Wave mations are set up by moving loads of wheels. The wheel lsh the wave with a tendency to foroe the rail in the dcecton of traffic and the Join ction by several wheels cause creep Dicken of Movement sone postin ot ‘slartomal vs) ove Toro rep ‘Pomaton ot wave) G)Poreussion Theory: Tis ear exons ° cess lve impact of wheats at ra ond jt ‘Diodion ef moverany Traling 0 Facing ral (@) rag theory: Driving whee! have tendency to push the rail backward whereas the resLof the non criving whee has tendency to érag the rail n the direction of tac, ‘Asa resi creep happanes inthe drection of taf ‘$0 option (¢) is Ans. 2. (@) Wave actions controled by pitch and depth (of wave. Pitch and wave depend upon :- ‘Track modulus «Track stifness «+ Track stablty 3. (@) Impact tector 4 (© Journal frietion: It is the resistance Considered which are intopendent of speed. I depends on the type of bearing, the lubricant used, the temperature and contin of boaing, Inthe case of rol bearing, itvaries from 0.5 kg {1.0 kg per tonne TES MASTER PublicationGEOMETRIC DESIGN OF THE ERS Ies.1905 SE 4. The grade compensation of a4 curve ana Exced Gauge calla tock is (@) 0.20% (©) 0.16% ©) 0.12% (© 008% [SEE es-i008 2. Which one of the foloning typeof transition curves is mostly used in indian raivays? (2) Euler's spiral) Cube ial (6) Lemriscate _() Cable parabola ORG _IEs-1999 ay 3. na BG ratway track, he spoctod rng racont is in 260. The horizontal curwo of 3° on @ gracnt of 4 in 250 wil have the permssite Compensated gradient of (@) 110 257 tin 357 (tin 457 (1 TES-2001 4. Assertion (A): Gradients much steeper than the ruling gradient are provided in ail terain and they are negotiated wth the help of a pusher engine. Reason (R}: Restricting the gracint to the ruling gradient in hilly teraing would mean increasing the length of the considerably in heavy excavation. inorz 5 Grade compensation on cuves i ncian Ratays for 8G is TRACK (@) 0.40% por degree of curve (0) 0.00% por degree of curve (6) 0.04% per dogroe of curve (©) 0.02% por degree of curve Which one of the following is the correct expression forthe versine (h) ofa curve? What isthe value ofthe slaepestgradiont tobe provided or a2 dogree curve for B.G ne having ruling grado? @) tin 238 @) 1in 227 (©) 1in 202 (6) tin 198 ‘The ruling gradiont on B.G section of raivay le ‘in 150 and a4” curve le also there an it. What Is the allowable ruling gradient? (tin 148 (1 in 154 (9110 196 (@ 11m 232, ‘Assertion (A): The superelevaion provided on 8 curve ofa raihay track sess than the equilum cant Reason (R) : Subject to @ maximum value depending on speed and gauge, cant deficiency is allowed anc therefore actual cant provided fs less than te equilibrium cantChat Engineering [_1es.2007 ES 10. What isthe steepest grationt permissible on & 2" curve for B.G. tine having ruling gradient of 1 in 2007 (@) 11 250 @) Vin 238 (011m 209 (6 1in 198 [_Ies-2011 41. Ifthe ruling gradient is + in 160 on @ particular ‘section of a broad gauge track, the allowable ‘uling gradient on 24° curve inthe track wll bo 051% (059% (osi% (087% GE Ies-2014 42. Anlactrc lacamotve running at 60 krmph on curved rack of 1.68 m gauge laid at 800 m radius should be provided wih supecelevation ofthe ri by an amount of 805mm () 555mm (9.595mm @ 855mm 13. The stoopost gradient on a 2 curve on a Broad Gauge tne with a stipuatas ring gracent of 1 in 200, given that grade compensation is 0.04% per ogree of cuve, is (@) 41in 200 (1m 238, IES-2015 44, In the layout of an MG track, the versine of a horlzonal ocular curve is measured over a 118m chord length, What would be the radius of the curve ifthe value ofthe versine was 2 om? (@ 900m {) 800m 870m (850m ) 1 in 150 (@ 1283 15. Tho maximum spoed of a tain on B.G track having a curvature of 3" and cant of 10 cm with allowable cant deficiency of 78 mm, for contions obtaining in India, is (@) 87.6 kmm (0) 788 kentn (85.8 kin S20 16. A transition curve i o be provided fora circular railway curve of 300m radius, the gauge being 4.5m with the maximum superelevetion rested to 15 om. What isthe length of the transition ‘curve for balancing the centitugal force? (@) 723m ) 7.1m (@e2m (@) 88.3m TES-2020 17. Araitway cuve of 1380 m radius is to be set out to connect two tangents. If the design speed is “10 krnph and te rate of change of acceleration | 0.3 mis? the shit ofthe circular curve wil be (©) 99.8 kin neatly @)0.18m 1) 0.16 m (0.14 m (012m 418, Which one of the foling isthe corect standard for provision f eurves on railway track? {@) Cant excess on B.6. shall not be alowed to ‘exceed 105 mm (©) Minimum radius of vical curves fr group A, Broad Gauge track is 4000 m (6) The minimum value of supeslevtion aecoring 1 to Rellway Board is 75 of gauge (@) The spond poten of curve is ven by formula vi a7 Where E is superetevation in mm. TES MASTER Publication1.) Inindia, compensation for grade is given as: 0.04% per degree of curve > 8G track 0.03% per degree of curve-+ MG track 0.02% per degree of curve> NG track Grade compensation = 0.04 » 4 = 0.16% 2. (6) Euler's spiral is an Ideal transition eure, Til 12" the Eulers sal, Bomauls lermiscate nd cubic parabola all the curve traces the same path In Indian alway maximum angle 10° s adopted In curve 8.6). Hence ll curves are goes but IR adopted cubic parabola fori simplicity and easiness in layout of curve by offset mothoe. Grade compensation for BG track on curve 04% por degree of curve 04 * 3 = 0.12% Permissible grant 1 2 4 330 To.006 367 Providing ruling gradient in -illy regions aro uneconomical, as we have to Increase the length of track as well asthe excavation for same will be more, wbich is dfficut in hilly terrains ‘So pusher gradient Is provided for severe ‘gradient or steeper gradlont. For that portion ‘of gradient, pusher engine is used fr pulling the loa, 3.00) 4@) 5.(c) Grade compensation for on curves in Indian railways: (0) 0.04% per degree of curve -BG track (0.03% per degree of curve -MG track GH) 0.02% por degree of curve -NG tack PLANATIONS Civ Engineering & (©) Using propertyot cic - 70a) 8.0) aav = EaR-VvarR Grado compansation on BG track = 0.04% per dagee of curve Grade compensation for 2" = 0.08 « 2'cutve 0.08% “1908 Permisdale steepest gracient =, ~ Sor 084 = 200 4 238.08 ‘As per indian rallay, grade compensation of 1G Is 004% per degroe of curve Compersation for 4° cure = 0.04 x4 = 0.16% Ruling geacont tin 150 =45100-0.67% Maxima alowabie gradient or actual gradient tobe prvided = 0.67 -0.18 = 051% 4 St or $31 1 in 196072 @ 410.0) 1. @) 2 13.) ‘Whoa the lateral foroes and whee! loads are almost equal, the cant is sald to be in equlltxium. The equltrium cant is provided on the basis of average spaed of trains But n given context, equilxum cant is taken {or high speed tains. So the superelevaton Provided on bass of average speed of diferent {rain fall short of equilibrium cant for high speed tains. This shortage of cant is called cant deficenoy. ‘Also, cant defciony is difference betweon the equilibrium cant necessary for maximum Permissible speed and the actual cant provided, So both assertion and reason are correct also reason is correct explanation of aceartion, ‘As por Indian Raitway grade compensation of BG tine is 0.04% per degree of curv. + Compensation for 2° curve = 0.04% x 2 02% 1 Ruing radent = a5 = 0.5% Maximum allowable gradient to be provided 4 05 ~ 008 = 042% = ie ‘As par indian Ratiway grade compensation of BG line is 0.04% per degree of curve. ‘Compensation for 4° curve = 0.08% x 4 = 0.16% 1 Ruling gradient = 325 = 0.67% Maximum allowable gradient to be provided = 067 — 0.18 = 0.51% 60 kph 468m 200m p= OY _188 607 0.0596 m 69.5 mm Grade compensation for 2° curve on a BG ine Ruling gradient Steepest permissible gradient 50% 0.08% 14.0) tigen Versine «20m eLc2l co's A] A AB x (240 — AB) = CB x 8D {property of triangle} cc vrar-w= SS ary-ve = & 7 veer e my oS é vo V #002 m cone R 870.28 15. () Rang» 22.580 30m ©, = 100m and C, = 78 mm Maximum speed Vp, = 0.274(0, #0.)R + 027s TEETH = 86.51 kph R= 300m Gauge = 150 mm For length of transition curve we need Vig: 6 © 5m Vous ® 027Y(G, FOR = 020+ TE)«BO TES MASTER PublicationRELL Cee ieee 708 knph Length ftanion @) ) L= 0608 c, v, = 0008 «160 «7048 = 818 m = 0008 6, Va 0.008» 75» 70.15 209m L=o720, = o72 «80 = 108 m 0 @ Chit Engineering 17, (b) Length of transition curve = = (sH008 1108 18) ‘o3x7350 Tose BAR” 241950 0.153 m 046m shin = 0.16 m 2 oe + Cant excess > 78 mm ‘As question has asked the length of transion {or balancing the centitgal force, the maximura . of only () and (i) wil be considered. L= 0.72 6, Is for twietsfety. Hence, length of transition curve 84.18m~84.2m. een pintezbth is the range of maximum supereivation will be + Comoct equation is E = 357mPOINTS AND CROSSINGS / | TRACK JUNCTIONS TES-1995 1. Which of the following palrs are correctly ratcned? Faromey face trumingrai | cewance snd check al 2. istaneo trough tro tone ral moves | itera at the to of sth forth ove iment of tain 43, Distance between the suite faces of the stock rall and tongue ral atthe hoo! 4, Angle between the ‘gauge face of stock Tail and tongue rail Select the corect anewer using the codes given Het vergence Sitch angle below (@) 4 and 4 (@) 2 and 4 (0) 3 and 4 ()1,2,30nd4 JES-1997 _ 2 What will be the curve lead for a 1/in 8 tumout taking off from a otright broad gauge track? (@ 2849 @) 2104 (0) 1424 m (745m —IES-1999 3. If'®isthe ange formed by two gauge faces, the crossing number wil be @ tena ) cot A (990A id) Area TES-2000 4. Across-verof in 10 exits between two broad (gauge parallel tracks with centres at § m apar. The length of the straight track is @ 164m (b) 184m (192m (@ 1992 m Directions: The following itoms consist of two Statements, one labeled the Assertion A’ andthe other labelled tho Reason R' you are to examine these two statements carfuly and decide ifthe Assertion A and the Reason Rare individually tue and iso, whether the FReason isa corect explanation of the Assoratin. Seloct your answers to these items using the codes given below and mark your answer sheet accordingly. Codes: (@) Both A and Rae true and R is correct explanation of A (©) Both A and Rare true fut Rs nota carect cexpanation of A (6) Als tus but Ris also (@) Ais false but Ris tue 5. Assertion (A): Scissor crossing is provided ‘where space does not permit provision of two ‘separate cross-overs. Reason (R): A scissor crossing consists of {our pois of switches, sic acute ange crossings and four obtuse angle crossings and check rals 6 Ifthe curve tea ofa broad gauge ravey tumout Is 16.76 moters, the angle of crossing of the turnout wil be given by IES MASTER Publication7 Givi Engineering @ tar 10 (©) tart 1110 (tars @ ar 15 [REE _Ies-2003 7. The distance betwoon the running faces on the ‘stockall and gauge faco of tongue ail measured atthe heel of the switch is known as {@) Flangeway clearance () Throw of soitch (6) Hoel divergence () Flare [REE Tes-2005 BI 8. Assertion (A) : A turn-out is @ combination of points and crossing, which enable a branch ine to take off fom another mainline railway track, Reason (R) : Turn-outs are in great use in raliway marshalling yards. [RRA Tes-2008 NASER 8. The verical wear on tongue rll should nt exceed vibich one ofthe following? @ 8mm (© 10mm (© 12mm © 15mm IES-2009 40, Assertion (A): When a tnoutis taken off froma cuved track ts cafes gaunt ack Reason (R): Whon a tumout ftom a curved tack turn eway inne oppat econ the carves ao sald obo ofconvary Mena TES-2011. ‘1. Acall fii tapered to a toe atone end ae fo a oo tthe tor end i eed a (a) Stock rail (b) Tongue rail {€) Wing rail (@) Lead rail (Sa es-2014 12, Two parallel railway tracks are to be connectec: by a rovoree curve, both cogmonts having the ‘same rads, If the cenre lines ofthe tracks are ‘8m part and the maximum adapiable distance btwoon te tangent pots Is 321m, the allowable rads for he curves is 4m 8m 32m oem TES-2017 18. Consider the folowing statements concerning railways ; 1. Aleve stretch equal to the maximum train lengths tobe provided between the racent Teaches where a ising gradient is followed by a fling gradient. 2. Vertical cuvesin allay tacks are nol set 4 Curves should be avoided atthe top level segment of bridges Wihich ofthe above statements are comect? (@) 1 and3only ——() 2 and 3 only (©) 1 and only (6) 2 and 4 only TES-2019 14, Two parallel rauay lines are tobe connected by {@ reverse curve, esch section having the samo fadivs. Ifthe lines are 12m apart and the ‘maximum distance between tangent points ‘measured parallel tothe straights is 48m, then the maximum allowable radius willbe @) 511m &) 523m (@ 535m (@ s47m 15. Across-aver occur between two Metre Gauge parallel tacks of same crossing number 1 in ‘12 with sraight intermediate portion between the reverse curves and the distance between ‘the centres of tracks is 3.5 m. Ifthe value of Gis 1 m the intermediate straight distance will be nearly @ 2m & 15m (© 18m © 21mSh Enginosring 4. (@) Heol divergence: It isthe distance between the gauge faces of stock rail and tongue ral at the hel ofthe switch, Heal clearance H.C) vergence c ‘Section at hee! of tongue ral Flangeway clearance: Distance between adjacent faco of stock rll and the check rails (as shown in above figure) ‘Switch angle: Ange between the unning faces of stock rll and tongue ral when tongue rail ‘touches the stock ral sree) vin | seam he crs ‘over Plan showing hool divergence ‘and switch angle ‘Throw of ewiteh: Maximum distance by which the toe of tongue rail moves side way is called throw of switch (see in figure above) ‘ANSWER KEY Method 1 for design of turnout Curve lead i the sistance between the theoretical rose of crossing (T.N.C) and the tangent point T ‘measured along the length of main track. and itis given by CL = 2.GN o Where, G = Gauge length N= Number of erossings Gen G = Brod gauge = 1.676. m i 2 seg ean, che 2x tare «1 anise TES MASTER Publication762 3: (0) culo ange cossng are desi by eter ‘he angle that the gauge faces make wih each ther or by number N me A « kK 54 tana = N= cot Spread at eg of crossing N= [ongth of cossing TNC ‘ab = point ral ac = another point ral o spice rll bbe = spread at lg of crossing = 4 oj = Solving the two aABe one can get BC then, with CD and «in CDE 8 = (@-aIN-Giiant = (5-1.676)10-1.676\t4 1 $= 1639m 510) ‘Scissor cross-over : It is combination of ‘wo cross-overs. The second cross-over isin the opposite direction, to enable the trains to change the track ftom ether directions along the main tack, It consists of 4 pairs of point, 6 acute ancle crossings, two obtuse angle crossings, check rails and straight lengths. 3. (d) Number of crossings as per Cole's mathas N= cota (Curve esd is given by CL = 2GN(CL given = 16,76). (i) G = Gauge length = broad gauge 675m N= Number of erossing using () and (i, G=2Gcta cL __ 18.76 he 26 FA BTS cota 1 tna d 7.(@) Heel divergence: It is the distance between the gauge faces of stock rll and tongue rail al the heel of the ste, Helter 0) Section at heel of tongue rall Flangeway clearance: Distance bahween adjacent face of stockrall and the check rails (as ehovn In ‘above figuo) Switch angle: Angle betwoen tho running fa08s of stock rll and tongue rll when tongue rail ouches ‘the stock ritSle) ikke oft roo | senting carpool ogo a) \ rescalanght he Toate Plan showing heel divergence and switch angle ‘Throw of ewiteh: Maximum distance by which the too of tongue rail moves side way is called tow of switch (see in figure above) (0) By definition, turnout ig the simplest combination of points and crossings wich fenables one track either a branch line of @ Siding, to takeoff fom another track. Turnout 's provided to faciitate the safe movement of trainin either erection on both tacks. Marshaling yard act as distributing conto for vvatious destinations. So, for quick and safe ‘operations turnout vil be required ata greater ‘extent in marshaling yarcs 8. (a) The rail sacton committe of Indian Railway while assessing the life of 52 kgim rails considered that Belgian method gave 2 rational basis for computing the service life of rails. ‘This method is based on limiting the vertical \weor ofthe rail to the extent thatthe whee! flange of wom out tyres do not graze the fisnplates for 90 btyd rails, such limiting ral ‘wear I taken as 6 mn, 10.) ‘wo tacks of the same or diferent gauges are run together for a certain length. The ‘arrangement is useful when both BG and MG track is to be run together on same bridge, x "ype" [Faroe] we. Te aunt Tack Contrary flexure: In a curve track if turnout takes in opposite direciont is called as contrary flexure. Wherees if turnout takes in ‘the same direction of cuved tack tis called Sitar 0 fone FR Three throw switch (Contrary flaxure) 0, only reason is correct. 1.0) oer [Sareea Pra eft Hand Turnout Lead Ralls: Plain rails laid in a tumout between the switches and crossings sesembles. ‘Wing Ralls: It quides the whol path fr movement of tains Tongue Rail It isa tapered movable rail which is attached at or near ts thicker end to a running cll Its having to at one end and heel at other end the point Nat Section at toe of tongue rail It isa running rll to which tongue railBe) 0 ® 14.(0) a From ¥@, int o ‘simlany, 7,6 = 2Rsind = 4Reint Tah = 4Raind AR Wea acne Any 4x8 Vertical curves in ralway tracks are sot out as parabola, Diamond crossing in general should not be Provided on curves. While curve |s meeting with straight track having diamond crossing then atleast SOm distance should be straight before and after ‘diamond erosaing However in extreme circumstance if provided ‘on curve then 20m before and after slamond crossing there will be no superelevation, Hence biw option (8) and (4. Most appropriate Is (4). ‘Aleve! stretch equal to the maximum tain length is to be provided in order to avoid jerks at peak ie) oa Ft=cos 28.67) = st01m 18. FE= oFeota = [(0-6)-secaleate = [0-6)-ciivaraln = (0-GN-GAENE DE © 5—DI2- Win «14mSTATIONS AND YARDS AND | EQUIPMENTS IN STATION YARDS ERE Tes-i005 — = | 'A. Dynamometor car | 4. Arrangement for 4. Match Liste with Listl and select the {umming the rection Correct answer Using the codes given below the of an engine lists: B, Crossing station | 2. Infomation about > — condition of raway ust track Rung gradient | 3, Station on a single Shovel Total * bit ‘alway tack system 8. Cowbers Toremove dog spikes ‘where up end down out of sleepers trains can pass each €. Railtongs | 3. To corect tack ther alignment D. Tum table 4. Meximum rising law bar 4. To hand the bal Sader of ray LB. lew ber no the botast | track depending on = engine power (odes: A BoD A BCD @3 424 @2 31 4 ®2 344 o43a 24 @3 244 4 3 1 2 @3 214 @s 442 TES-2009 IES-2000 4. Inwhich one ofthe flloving yard. are reception, sorting and dispatch of railway wagons done? 2A ney yd wich egos econ, =i latogad aaa d Sera n mich aoe seca Beads (aroneetaes 6 ont 158-2016 () Station yard 5 Marshalling yard in railway system provides (2 Masog yd mae @ arecwe ( Marmene tig Sock (0) Safe movements of passongers and coaches 1ES-2004 EES (©) Receiving, breaking up, re-forming and dispatohing onwards —of trains 3. Match List with List and select the coroct (@) Recaving,loatng,unioaing and delivery of ‘answer using the codes goods and vehicles, and scheduling their futher functioning TES MASTER PublicationANSWER KEY ao EXPLANATIONS 10 ‘ainionance tol Their work Ral tongs Beater Crowear Toland cony ais Topack bls! under sleoper Toconeet rack alignment andi he ack sear taing out cog spikes “Toond or aesk ale caw bar imerou 210) 20) ‘A marshaling yard is one where trains and ‘other loads are receive, sorad out and new \wains formed and cepatched onwards to their destinations. [Dynemometer car is halpfl in collecting the Information about the railway track condition 4.00) 5 Ruling gradient isthe steepest grade which foxists ina particular section as it ims the: ‘weight cf the train which can be hauled by the rocomotve on that paricular section, “Turn table has arrangement for tuening the direction ofthe engine of locomotive. ‘A marshaling yard Is one where taine and other loads are received, sorted out and now trains fomed and despatched onwards other estinators, Correct option is (¢) Marshalling yard isa yard with facilities for receiving, classfying and despatching rling stock to their destinations,SIGNALLING AND CONTROL TES-1995 1. Which one of the folowing figures represents a "Wamer signal’ in raibways? a fa) ) << oft >> Ire ® -1997 A Treadle bar Ie used for » (@) Interlocking points and signal (©) Setting points and signal (6) Setting marshaling yard signals (@) Track maintonance _s:2000 Which one of the following signals is provided beyond the trailing points and suiiches in a railway yard? {a) Reposter signal (©) Departure signal (6) Advance stator (6) Routing signal ee Which one of the folowing is installed as the second signal on the main signal post for beter visity? (2) Routing signal (6) Corecting signal {©) Calling on signal () Repeating signal SYSTEM TES-2004 5. Match List (Type of Signals) with Listal (Characteristics) and select the correct answer using the codes List List ‘A. Detonating Signa! | 1. Locational 8. Cofoured ight signal | 2. Operational C. Home signal 3, Special D. Callingon signal | 4. Functional Codes: A Bc OD @2 434 4 21 3 @4 2 34 @2 41 3 TES-2006 _ 6. Match Lista (Signal) win Lista function) and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists tse Tatil ‘A. Outersignal | 4. Departure signal B, Starter signal | 2, Reception signal ¢. Repeater signal | 3. Shunting signa A. Co-acting signal Codes: 8000 eS aed a2 M2 1 4 3 Os 142 @2 413 TES MASTER Publication2(@) EXPLANATIONS 2 Aspact umes ‘Sinal z s Sona ost Back _f) 2-Aspect wamer anal) sgl) x Cote corel Ree uf ating sional) erat) Pal i fee eee ees “Tread bar's usod for interlocking points and ‘Signals. Interlocking helps in safle working of ‘signals with increase in number of points and speed of trains. It is essential to take all precautions to prevent aocidons. Its achieved by Interlocking mechanism. Lock bar is provided forthe purpose thatthe polnt may rot be operated while train is on it 300) 4.10) 5.(¢) Advance starter: starter signal for each of the station line from which train starts, an advance starter may also ‘be provided (generally 180 meters or more) beyond the trang points or switches. The ‘advance starier becomes the LAST STOP. [SIGNAL at station where it's provided. Ahead of the ‘When driver's vision is obstuctod by an overridge between the signals (sharp curvature in alignment, ‘a signal s provided for beter visibility called co-aatng signal. The signals linked with the ‘main signal and when te lever is pulled both signals are lowered simultaneously. This signal werks fn union wth main signal Signals tave been cessed into various ‘celagoris on basis of flowing characteris 4. Operating characterises: Bases onthe vay of thle operation {@) Detonating signals (fog oF ausiie ona) (©) Hand agra (wsual ndeaien signet) (©) Fred signa (Visual indication nas)Cv Engineering 2. Funettonal characteristics: Based on thelr function (@) Stop or semaphore type signais (©) Wamer signals () Shunting signals (disc or ground signals) (@) Coloured it 3. Location characterises: Location of signal signet (@) Reception signal: outer signal, ome sonal (©) Departure signals: Starter signal, ‘advance steter 4, Special charactorst (@) Repeater or co-acting signals (© Rowing signals 8.) RAILWAY ENGINEERING (c) Calling on signals. (8) Pointincaors (0) Mees lover quant semaphore sionals Dparture signals: Th signals wich contrat the dapat of ans om the sion. “we types: (1) saree signal 2 advance starter signal Reception signals: The sonal whch contol tho recapin of in into 8 sation ‘The reception signals are at two locations, the auter and the home. cm ‘Shunting signals: These are used for shunting ‘operations in station yards. They are also known as dige of ground signals. Repeater signal are also known as covacting sional TES MASTER PublicationTRACTION AND TRACTIVE ERE _tes-1995 4. A train is hauled by 2-8-2 locomotive with 22.5 tonnes load on each riving axe. Assuming the coefficient of raltufee! fiction to be 0.25, what ‘would be the hauing capacity ofthe locomotive? (@) 180 tonnes (0) 22.6 tonnes (©) 450 tonnes ——_() 90.0 tonnes. [_es-i900 2 Theloadon each neo a locomowve s 2 toes, I the coefcient offi s 0.2, than the bading capacity due to 3 pais of driving wheal wil be (@) 264 1981 @132t eat eee 00s What isthe cue resistance for 4 50 tonnes tran on @ BG track on a 4" curve? {8} 006 tonne (©) 0.06 tonne (©) 0.08 tonne (6 0.01 tonne EE_Tes-2008 aa 4. The rack modulus’ is an indox of measure of hich ofthe Flloning ? (a) Resistance due to friction (b) Resistance due to shear {o) Resistance due to deformetion (6) Resistance due to rolling RESISTANCES | 5. Which of the folowing factors help in ensuring track modulus in railway track ? (@) Gauge and formation waty (©) Track maetials and sleeper density {6) Degree of eurvatre and superslovation {@) Length of rail and flange wietn 6 What fs the hauling capacity of railway locomotive having 4 pairs of driving wheels, ‘carping an ade load of 24 tonnes each? (Assume 0,166 as the coetticient of fiction) (@) 165 tonnes (6) 16.0 tonnes (0) 155 tonnes @) 17.0 tonnes 1ES-2015 7. What would be the admissible gradient for a BG track when the grade resistance coupled with @ 4 cue resistance shall equal the resistance ‘0 toa ruling grant of 1 in 2002 @) 030% ©) 040% (028% @ 030% _IEs-2016 8 The gradient for a8.G ralivay lino such thet the grade resistarce together wth curve resistance due 2 4” curvewsich will be equivalent toa simple ruling gradient of 1 in 150 is (1: 180 @) 1: 200 (6) 1: 300 (a) 1400a Engineering EXPLANATIONS +o 5. (0) Track modulus depends upon the geupe, type erence ae CER a res eee Each ae load = 24 tomes 22. sh driving axle 8 drivir ead Zs ete wit gc eect et cea aes re ee eas Ho = 025 x 4 x 225 = 225 tonnes nee oe ed 2 (0) Hauling capacity, H= yy. (i) soxteaxst, vod ahs. Rasietance dua to 3 curve + alloable grec 0.00083 rox ‘As per question ; oi = oxo.00043 +2 = 0.0004 x degree of curve * wt. of a . looomatve n= 00034 0.0008 » 4° x 50 « n= 038% (0.08 tonne 8. (0) Grade resistance + Curve resistance A. (0) The elasticity of track system is denoted by @ Fling gradient resistance {actor called track modulus. This is defined as Maooewe = 2 the load per unit length ofthe rail required to 150 ‘produce a unit depression In the track. So, * ‘rack modulus is an index of messure of 197.26 » 200 resistance due to deformation. Gradient is 1 In 200. IES MASTER Publicationst IES. 1995 4. Conscer the following tuations: 4. Sallis sot 2. Volume of existing surface trac on the algrmentis heavy 3. Tracks ata deeper lave! 4. Water tab is igh In the construction of Metro Raiuays, “Cut and Cover" method of conection Ie sualo In situation lites at © tand2 (et and a (2 and3 SEGRE Ies-2001 BERS 2. Squaring of sleepers through packing consists of @) + ands (@) Acjusting the sleepers to be perpendicular to the rail (©) Adjusting the ballast under sloopers to space thom paral 0 each other (©) Cutting the edges ofthe sleepers toa square shape (@) Adjusting the ris to be perpendicular to the sleepers (RGERRT_Ies-2003 EE 3. Match List- (Track Parameter) with Listal (Equipments Used) and select the correct ‘A. Unavenness | 4. Track carding car B. Gouge 2. Amsler car ©. Superelevatn | 3, Feeler and spring . Alignment | 4. Gyroscope pendulum MISCELLANEOUS | Codes: A Bc OD O68 505 m3 21 4 @2 344 (Ops aee 4. Assertion (A) : Packing isthe method of forcing and packing stone ballast below the sleepers by ramming with a beater-cum pickaxe, Reason (R) : At points and crossing, packing Is cated out by lifting the track by means of track jack and requisite quantily of stone chips is evenly spread below the sleepers by shovel and the cxips are allowed to consolidate by running trains, [SES _IES-2008 EGE) 5. Which of the following are elated to maintenance of ralway rack? 1. Jim crew and gauge bar 2 Througn packing and boxing 8. Buffer stop and sand hump 4. Croop adjustment Select the correct answer using the code given below (12a (1,3and4 (1, 2ard 4 (@2,3and4 RREEE_iks-2017 sea 6 The:ypeatevting opratons cai out fo teyogavalvey feck are 1. Longin leveling (10:8) 2 Fyleeting 3. Barat evting CrescoCMEngineoring ‘Select the corect answer using the codes given below (@) 1.2, 3nd only ANSWER KEY 1 © a 2 4 ‘RAILWAY (©) 1, 9.and 4 only (9 2,3.and 4 only ( 1, 2and 4 ony 5 © . EXPLANATIONS: 20 3 © e ») Cut and cover method is simple method of ‘onstruction of shallow tunnels where a trench {s excavated and roofed over with an overhead ‘support system strong enough to camy the Toad of what Isto be bult above the tunnel. Loose soils with higher water table wll have very low shear stonath. So, direct tunneling ‘wilbe cifficult as wall may collapse. Also, if ‘yolume of trafic is heavy, then going for direct tunnel is a better option. Algo, 'If track is at dooper love, i ill be ficult to cut til a deeper level and fit ‘again. ‘Squaring of slooper is part of maintenance process of sleepers. Through packing the ballast below sleeper is adjusted by ramming the ballast, so tha he steers ae in poston ‘an paralil to each other. ‘Amsler car is used to measure the unevenness in the railway track. Tack recording car is used to decide the provided alignment ‘Superelevation provided is messured by ‘eyfoscopie pandulum, ‘oth statements are sel explanatory so both fare correct but reason is not explanation of ‘assertion. 5. (6) Over tho passage of time, the raihiay track requires maintenance, under which folowing ‘operations come: () Packing of ballast under sleeper + Using pickaxe «= Shovel packing + Through packing () Squaring of sleepers 8) Gauging using gauge bar and Jim craw (0) Packing of sleepers (0) Creep agjustment 6 ‘+ Longitudinal levelling Is done to setup gradient. + Grose section levelling Is done for ‘estimation of filing or excavation. “+ Fly lovalling is done for approximate elerminaton of RL during preliminary route vey ‘Barometric loveling sa type of increc leveling imuhich elevation are determined indirectly from change in atmospheric pressure For railway track longitudinal, ly and cross sectional leveling are usually done. TES MASTER Publication