Complex Variables and Elliptic Equations
An International Journal
ISSN: 1747-6933 (Print) 1747-6941 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gcov20
A.V. Bitsadze's observation on bianalytic functions
and the Schwarz problem revisited
Ümit Aksoy, Heinrich Begehr & A. Okay Çelebi
To cite this article: Ümit Aksoy, Heinrich Begehr & A. Okay Çelebi (2020): A.V. Bitsadze's
observation on bianalytic functions and the Schwarz problem revisited, Complex Variables and
Elliptic Equations, DOI: 10.1080/17476933.2020.1730825
To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/17476933.2020.1730825
Published online: 24 Feb 2020.
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COMPLEX VARIABLES AND ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS
https://doi.org/10.1080/17476933.2020.1730825
A.V. Bitsadze’s observation on bianalytic functions and the
Schwarz problem revisited
Ümit Aksoya , Heinrich Begehr b and A. Okay Çelebic
a Department of Mathematics, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey; b Math. Institut, FU Berlin, Berlin, Germany;
c Department of Mathematics, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY
The extension of the Schwarz representation formula to simply con- Received 15 September 2019
nected domains with harmonic Green function and its polyanalytic Accepted 13 February 2020
generalization is not valid in general. They do hold only for certain COMMUNICATED BY
domains. Y. Xu
KEYWORDS
Bitsadze equation;
polyanalytic function; plane
domains; harmonic Green
function; Schwarz boundary
value problem; Dirichlet and
Neumann conditions
AMS SUBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS
30E25; 30G20; 31A05; 35J40
1. Admissible domains for the Schwarz problem
For the harmonic Green function G1 (z, ζ ) of a plane domain D in the complex plane C,
the function
h1 (z; ζ ) = G1 (z; ζ ) + log |ζ − z|2
is harmonic and symmetric in its variables.
Definition: A simply connected plane domain with Green function is called an admissible
domain for the Schwarz problem if the function
h1ζ (z, ζ )
is an analytic function of z ∈ D for any ζ ∈ ∂D.
Obviously, Lemma 3.1 from [1] holds for admissible domains. An example for an
admissible domain is the upper half plane
H+ = {z : i(z − z) < 0},
© 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
2 Ü. AKSOY ET AL.
for which
ζ − z 2
G1 (z, ζ ) = log ,
ζ − z
1
h1ζ (z, ζ ) = ,
ζ −z
and the right half plane
Hr = {z : 0 < z + z},
satisfying
ζ + z 2
G1 (z, ζ ) = log ,
ζ − z
1
h1ζ (z, ζ ) = .
ζ +z
The right upper quarter plane
Q++ = {z : i(z − z) < 0 < (z + z)}
with
(ζ − z)(ζ + z) 2
G1 (z, ζ ) = log
(ζ − z)(ζ + z)
fails to be admissible as
1 1 1
h1ζ (z, ζ ) = + − .
ζ −z ζ +z ζ +z
A characterization for admissible domains is available through their conformal mapping
ω onto the unit disc D.
Lemma 1.1: A simply connected domain D with the Green function is admissible for the
Schwarz problem if and only if the conformal map ω from D onto D satisfies
2
ω(ζ ) − ω(z)
= ω (ζ )ω (z)
ζ −z
for any z, ζ ∈ D.
COMPLEX VARIABLES AND ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS 3
Proof: The Green function for D is given by
1 − ω(z)ω(ζ ) 2
G1 (z, ζ ) = log .
ω(ζ ) − ω(z)
From
1 1 ω (ζ ) ω(z)ω (ζ )
h1ζ (z, ζ ) = G1ζ (z, ζ ) + = − −
ζ −z ζ −z ω(ζ ) − ω(z) 1 − ω(z)ω(ζ )
and hence,
2
ω(ζ ) − ω(z) 1
h1ζ z (z, ζ ) = − ω (ζ )ω (z)
ζ −z (ω(ζ ) − ω(z))2
the condition follows immediately.
Most of the simply connected domains seem not to be admissible. But also for not admis-
sible domains a Schwarz-kind representation formula might be available. As examples, the
quarter plane [2] and the doubly connected circular ring serve [3].
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
ORCID
Heinrich Begehr http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-0897
References
[1] Aksoy Ü, Begehr H, Çelebi AO. A.V. Bitsadze’s observation on bianalytic functions and the
Schwarz problem. Complex Var Elliptic Equ. 2019;64(8):1257–1274.
[2] Abdymanapov SA, Begehr H, Tungatarov AB. Some Schwarz problems in a quarter plane.
Eurasian Math J. 2005;3:22–35.
[3] Begehr H, Shupeyeva B. Polyanalytic boundary value problems for plane domains with har-
monic Green function. FU Berlin; 2019. Preprint.
