tes Class 11 Syllabus Class 11Revision Notes Maths Notes Class 11 Physics Notes Class 11 Chemistry Notes Class

otes Class l1 Biology Notes Class 11 NCERT

elements that are

The union of two sets A and B are said to be contained
AUB.
either in setAand set B. The union of Aand B is denoted as,
to be contained elements that
The intersection of two sets A andB are said
intersection of Aand Bis denoted as, ANB.
are common in bath sets. The
of all elements given in the universal
The complement of a set Ais the set
complement of Ais denoted as, A!
set U that are not contained in A. The
following holds true:(DE Morgan's
For any two sets Aand B, the
Theorem)
" (AUB)'=ANB'
" (ANB)'=A'UB'
that, (AnB)=0, then:
and Bare given such
" If thefinite sets A n(AUB)=n(A)+n(B) CLASS 12 </> GATE
2025
CBSE

100k+
tes Class 11 SyllabuS Class 11 Revision Notes Maths Notes Class 11 Physics Notes Class 11 Chemistry Notes Class 11 Biology Notes Class 11 NCERT >

" If (AUB)=¢, then:

n(AUB)=n(A)+n(B)-n(ANB) CLASS 12 </> GATE

CBSE 2025

" Some other important formulas of Sets for any three sets A, B. and Care as
10k+ interested Geeks 100k+
follows:
CBSE Class 12Computer GATE C
1. A-A =0
Science Informa
2. B -A = BN A'
Explore Explor
3. B- A= B-(ANB)
4. (A - B) = A if ANB = 0
5. (A -B) nC= (ANC)- (BNC)
6. A AB= (A-B) U(B- A) Built to LAST
7. n(AUB) = n(A) +n(B) - n(ANB)
(ANC) +
8. n(AUBUC)= n(A) +n(B) + n(C) - n(BNC) -n (AN B)- n
n(AnBNC) Mac does that
9. n(AB) = n(AUB) - n(B)
Learn more
10. n(A- B) = n(A) n(ANB)
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 11. n(A)= n(u) -n(A)
12. n(U) =n(A) + n(B) + - n(ANB) + n((AUB)')
13. n((AUB)) = n(U) + n(ANB) -nA)- n(B)

Chapter 2: Relations & Functions

The chapter Relations &Functions explains the advan

 I1 KVISTO NOtes Maths Notes Class 11 Physics Notes Class 11 Chemistry Notes Class 11 Biolcgy Notes Class 11 NCERT
maths problems:
" Relations: Arelation R is the subset of the cartesian product of A x B,
where A and Bare two non-empty elements. It is derived by stating the CLASS 12
CBSE
</> GATE
relationship between the first element and second element of the ordered 2925

pair ofAx B. 10k-interested Geeks 100k

" Inverse of Relation: Aand Bare any two non-empty sets. Let R be a
CBSE Class 12 Computer GATE CC
relationship between two sets A and B. The inverse of relation R, indicated Science Informa

as R,is a relationship that connects B andA andis defined by Explor

Explore

R ={(b, a) : (a, b) E R}
of R
where, Domain of R = Range of R and Range of R = Domain
All set up
" Functions: A relation f from a set A to set B
is said to be function, if every ZERO TOUCH
element of set A has one and only image in set B.
sets Aand B is given by: A x B={ (a,b) :
" Acartesian product Ax Bof two Mac does that
a c A, be B}
h= w
h)= ly l: thon a = y and
e If understood our Cookie Policy & Got It !
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a ¬A, be B}
" If (a, b) = (x, y); then a =x and b=y
" If n(A) = x and n(B) =y, then n(Ax B) =>
" The cartesian product: A xB# BxA.
"Afunction ffrom setAto setB considers
every elementx in setAhas one and only
can be denoted as f: A ’ B, where f(x):
" Algebraof functions: If the. function f:
(f+ g)(x) =f(x) + g(x); x¬ X
" (f-g)(x) = f(x) - g(x)
" (f. g)(x) = f(x).glx)
(kf)(x) = k(f(x)) where k is a real nur
" {flg}(x) = f(x)/g(x). g(x}+0
Otes Class 11 Svllabus Class 11 Revision Notes Maths Notes Class l1 Physics Notes Class 11 Chemistry Notes Class 11 Biolcgy Notes Class 1

" If in acircle of radius r, an arc of length l subtendsan angle ofe radians.

then l= rxo.
CLASS 12 </>
" Radian Measure = /180x Degree Measure C8SE

Degree Measùre 1807T x Radian Measure LOkinterested GeekS

" Trigonometric ratios:

CBSE Class 12Computer
sin = (Perpendicular (P)) /(Hypotenuse (H)). Science
" cos = (Base (B)) /(Hypotenuse (H)).
Explore
tan 6 = (Perpendicular (P)) / (Base (B)).
" cosec 0 = (Hypotenuse (H)) /(Perpendicular (P)).
sec = (Hypotenuse (H)) / (Base (B)).
" cot 8 = (Base (B)) /(Perpendicular (P). All set up
Reciprocal Trigonometric Ratios: ZERO TOUCH
" Sin = 1 /(cosec e)
cosec =1 / (sin e) Mac does that
cos = l / (sec)
 cos 1/(sec 9)
sec = 1/(cos )
tan = 1/(cot )
" cot =1/ (tan 0)

Trigonometric Ratios of Complementary Angles:

" sin (90°- 0) = cos
" cos (90°-)= sin
" tan (90°- 0) cot
" cot (90° - ) = tan
sec (90°- 0) = cosec
cosec (90°- 0) = sec 9
" PeriodicTrigonometric Ratios
sin(n/2-9) = cos
" cos(/2-0) = sin
" sin(T-0) = sin
 Vatns NOtesClass ll Physics Notes Class 11 Chemistry Notes Class 11 Biology Notes Class 11 NCERT
cos(TT-) = -cos 0
sin(T +0)=-sin
cos(T+0)=-cos 9
CLASS 12 </> GATE
sin(2rr-0) = -sin CBSE
2025

cos(2rT-9) = co_
10k+ interested Geeks 100k+
Trigonometric ldentities <
CBSE Class 12 Computer GATE CCc*
sin 0 + cos? = 1 sin? 0 =1 - cos? cos' =1 - sin² e Science Informa
cosec 0- cot 0 =1osec = 1+ c o c o t =cosec² - 1
Explore Explor
" sec 0 - tan 0 = 1 sec = 1+ tan² tan? = sec? -1
" Product to Sum Formulas
" sin x siny = 1/2 [cos(x-y) - cos(x+y)]
C
cos Xcos y = 1/2[cos(x-y) + cos(x+y)]) All setup
sin x cosy= 1/2[sin(x+y) + sin(x-y)] ZERO TOUCH
cos Xsin y= 1/2[sin(x+y) - sin(x-y)]
" Sum to Product Formulas Mac does that
cin v cin w-2cin f l v t 1 o c l l v w 1

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Class 11 Syllabus Class 11Revision Notes Maths Notes Class 11 Physics Notes Class 11 Chemistry Notes Class 11 Biology Notes Class 11 NCERT

" sin x + sin y = 2 sin [(xty)/2] cos [(x-y)/2]

sin x - sin y = 2 cos [(x+y)/2] sin [(x-y)/2]
cOS X+ Cos y = 2cos [(x+y)/2] cos [(x-y))2] CLASS 12 </> GATE
cOS X- cOs y = -2 sin [(x+y)/2] sin [(x-y)/2] CBSE 2025

General Trigonometric Formulas: 10k+ interested Geeks 100k+ :

Sin (xty) = sin x x cOS y + cOS X Xsin y GATE Cc$

CBSE Clàss 12 Computer
cos(x+y)=cosxxCosy-sinxxsiny Science Informa

cos(x-y)=cosxXCoSy+sinxxsiny Explore Explor

sin(x-y)=sinxxcosy-cosxxsiny
If there are no angles X, y and (x t y) is an odd multiple of (T/2): then:
tan (xty) = tan x + tan y/1 - tan x tan y
tan (x-y) =tan x - tan y/1 + tan X tan y

" If there are no angles x, y and (X t y) is an odd multiple of n; then:

" cot (x+y) =cot x cot y-1/ cot y + cot x
cot (x-y) = cot x cot y+1 / cot y - cot X