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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
56 views27 pagesZess Han
Uploaded by
ujjwal kumarCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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/ 27
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHEDPUR
END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (0% 99 2927)
CLASS: BT HH (Vl SEMESTER) SE ULL MAK
BRANCH: MET. AND MAT. ENGG LM ¥
TIME: 3 HOUR CREDIT: ¢
vararro3 SUBJECT: Creep fatigue & Fracture
INSTRUCTIONS
I, Aiewspt all the questions: Missing ant, If ny, may be arsumeut sultably
1 <(~ Tensile strength is used as de won for brittle materinls, Justify the statemen '
- Name the types of ractury absueved fa maletlal due to terisile Tond '
es e stress-strain diaggany As of lite signifiinice in faite onhy=ie Wl '
TED- Grits equation fe fimeture dows not apply for metals. Why !
EE Nome various stops iavolved iit Skeavage tracnire H
Be Ba SS gE Serve TH era aT AeA? f
fo TH Dr N curve for Aluminium: Copper and ae. >)
i) (ine he condition for pininteaio fracture oughness,§ @ = 2 (Ae t
©5) Draw Aol va AX Carve and tate! various region and paris tn it.
> (8) Shot ts the effect of small defee' serack an deforination behaviour of any 1°!
2 wm wwe the various stages in fatipue provess? Explain wood's euneept of microdefurmat:
Joan t0 formation Of fatigue ernek.
WD The expected plain strain tractury tougiinessof @ materlal is 60 MPa Whot is miniin
thick ogh8 OF Ue material? (© yy = 1200 MI is
2 The 0 wonure toughness ( A’x:) of magnesia stablized zirconia is MPR" ° |
pene! of this material fs foxdeu tv this fovel of strcas without failure, date
peace
‘lave sizé that op WM have been prebent. {The content fe unity, Teaslle strength is 130 Ghat
3G) Explann te term*Oe formation Mechanism Map”, 3
ae ges x i eR Gasp chase lace at ores Ne enrss id eas ¥
(5) What ove the properties meyutect in material for turbine blade 2s
Id). Name auy ove a SROs stacey Si
4G) Eph sess covosion eracklag and Mguemetal exten 4
5 Ga) Explain with a neat sketch the conespt of plauticity coreection (plastic zune). What is plate e« s
fc tamagie wen aa
Reload iam TD etme atin ae ee.
size and the stress intensity fnetor for
ck, Asiume that the 9
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before breatei~ nr fradure
Safety
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SUBJECT: CREEP, FATIGUE AND FRACTURE [MM 1703]
Missing datayf any, my be assume aly u iy
Pe 1 geal
1] (97) A sample of borosilicate glass contains two cracks: a surface crack oft ,
Vim deep and an inner erack of 1.8,im long. Both the cracks are normal Yn = 0-4
| | to the tensile axis. Determine which one will propagate first on
for molybdenum is given by. |
| rate of (1) 10s.‘ and (ii) 10"s §. E= 350 GN m ?and specific surface
energy p29 m2 pial
z © Creep (steady-state) rate data are given in the table fornickelat | 5
| soe a ae
| al awa) |
| 10: (age aaa)
10:6 rst)
Activation energy for ereep 15 272/000 W/o. Compute the steady
_|_ pa state creep rate ata temperature of 850°C and a stress level of 25 Mi
[@ A cvinarica component constructed from an cree resisting aloy has 3/3
for it to survive 500 h at 925°C. The stress corresponding to 500 h is |
esse era ta hte agi to
Faecal ae Nour Nb ei ne
| parameters: Yield Strength (a>2)= S1OMPa, (ciys)= 90MPa The crack
UH | length was a = 25mm. The geometry factor determined can be
| estimated by equation given below -
az ut | Re f i Pal ayl Al
Egor] | te arsenate amfah sana) sof
ie 1 el
% meee | | praw a plot of the force versus the displacement of the specimen and
| determine fracture toughness of material (Ki).
o {bp [A center-cracked plate has dimensions b = 50 mim, thickness (t)
© | frm, and large fa force of P = 50 KN is applied.
| Cay Wihat is the stress Intensity factor K fora crack length of 2
ERS
=
es a a + (afa)
64 wy
are Bua TA a8 a
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that you have go the corret question
‘A. weight of 4 kgf, released from a height of 20 cm In a Charpy Impact test. 3
The height at the end of swing Is 3cm. What is the impact energy? Based on
Impact energy the material ductile ts or brittle
4) Is there any relationship between a material's processing technique and its 2
mechanical properties? Give at least three examples to support your answer:
) Select between Nickel and copper for preparing spring i there resilience value is 2
given
1) Ammaterial of § mm thickness and 20 mm width is deformed and final thickness 3
Of the material Is 4 mm and same wicth, Estimate the desired mechanical
properties.
Fesetenee cc SSeS ET ara
I) the fracture strength of @ material fs 1,112 MPa. what should be the design 2
{ress for the component fora tensile toad of HN. Safety factors 1.5
4) A plate of semi finite width contains embedded circular crack of size 1.9.cm.A 3 ‘
stress of 900 MPa ts applied. The direction of application ofthe stress Is
perpendicular to the major axis. Estimate stress intensity factor. Geometrical
ection factor may be taken as 2/t.
fn infinitely wide plate of stee! has central crack. Comment on whether design 2
{S safe or nt? (Crack size = 2.4 mm long, Fracture Toughness of the materia is
30 MPam! and design stress ic $00 MPa. ty,
1) What isthe critical erack length in iron accondhmto the Griffith Orowan eq 3
= 10" jm?
” 5
(a) Determine the stress required to
‘produce rupture in 2000h at 870°C.
(b) Determine the rupture time at 7600C
for the same stress
’ 5
9
Using the data in the table Calculate the value of Q
ey eget
, 4 808
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Calelate them iy for 0 phe alloy composed of 50 yvolunw 4
Iity-OF stress hyp
7 GPa, Ey = 690 Gi
smut of 472 €
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id EE ‘OF borosiljeate giass ns two Efecks: a Surface crack of 1 | |
|} 8M deep and an inner crack of 1.8 wm long. Both the cracks are normal |
to the tensile axis. Determine which one will propagate first on |
increasingithe appliec load and at what stress? |
Young's Modulug = 65 GN m 7;7=0.5 Im
for molybdenum \s given by
1 y= 20.6 + 173 600/T + 61.3 log,. (de'dt)
| where Tis the temperature in kelvin and (d:/dt) is the strain rate %
s"*, Sharp cracks of length 41m are present in the metal. Estimate the
| temperature at which the ductile to brittle transition occurs at a strain
} rate of (i) 10°75"' and (ji) 10%s"*. E= 350 GN m™ and specific surface
eneray is 2m".
(2) | Creep (steady-state) rate data are given in the table for nickel at 5
998°C
o (MPa)
Activation energy for creep is 272,000 J/mol. Compute the steady-
+ State creep rate at a temperature of 850°C and a stress level of 25 MPa) |
(b) | A cylindrical component constructed from an creep resisting alloy hasa 3
Giameter of 12 mm. Determine the maximum load that may be applied
for it to survive 500 h at 925°C. The stress corresponding to 500 h is
| about 50 MPa.
{ () | Explain two creep mechanisms briefly.
2
3 | (a) | The dimensions of the
specimen according to standard ASTM E-399 are | 7
Total length (L) = 62.5mm, Width (W) = 50mm, Height (H) = €Omm,
Thickness (B) = 25mm. Material has the following material
parameters: Yield Strength (co 2)= 510MPa, (Gm, )= S90MPa. The crack
length introduced by fatigue loading was measured after the test. Its
|
Jength was a = 25mm. The geometry factor determined can be lest
estimated by equation given below |
ies
a 4
Wy - 54h | |
(ap
d ie
Draw a plot of the force versus the displacement of the specimen and }
determine fracture toughness of material (Ki-),
| (b) | A center-cracked plate has dimensions 6 = 50 mm, thickness ()= 5.797
mm, and large h; a force of P = 50 KN is applied.
(2) What is the stress intensity factor K for a crack length of a = 10
mm?
B66 ~ 4.645 13.32]
/
——— SS HE END
|
ae ee es Se
nd
i Given data
Yield strength, , = 480 MPa
Hoop stress, o;, =140 MPa
Tensile stress, c, =80 MPa
Fracture toughness, Kj, = 1400 MPaymm
Y=11
Consider the equation for maximum pressure, at which vessel will burst.
2 (ee
Paw S —
= ae
a)
s - 2 (E
Here, r is radius of pressure vessel. }4G= Paa1 = Py | Moap —|—
a4 YRAG
Consider the equation for hoop stress
a= 2s"
t
2, = 2 ~~
-
Here, ¢, is critical thickness of pressure vessel
Substitute the values of equation (2) in (1) and calculate the thickness of pressure vessel
ee ee anwd- Veo !e0
Z “(| 14 io
1400" “ i
4
2 P \d
M0x6, = x I ging a Grete
£=48.20mm
om
Hence, thickness of pressure vessel is, [48 20mm 2p (wr ae
TMB oy
Y Xd lu x 360x YO
RUG
yo
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