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Variables, Datatypes and Typecasting

1. Variables are containers that store information in a program and are accessed using their name. Common data types in Python include integers, floats, strings, booleans, and None. 2. The type() function returns the data type of a variable. Typecasting changes the data type of a variable using functions like int(), float(), and str(). 3. The input() function receives input from the user as a string, so typecasting is needed to perform operations that require other data types.

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20 views

Variables, Datatypes and Typecasting

1. Variables are containers that store information in a program and are accessed using their name. Common data types in Python include integers, floats, strings, booleans, and None. 2. The type() function returns the data type of a variable. Typecasting changes the data type of a variable using functions like int(), float(), and str(). 3. The input() function receives input from the user as a string, so typecasting is needed to perform operations that require other data types.

Uploaded by

Subhojit Singha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Variables, Datatypes and Typecasting

Variable

A variable is a name given to any storage area or memory


location in a program.

In simple words, we can say that a variable is a container


that contains some information, and whenever we need
that information, we use the name of that container to
access it. Let's create a variable:

a = 34 # Variable storing an integer


b = 23.2 # Variable storing real number
Here a and b are variables, and we can use a to
access 34 and b to access 23.2. We can also overwrite
the values in a and b

Data Types in Python

Primarily there are following data types in Python.

1. Integers (<class 'int'>): Used to store integers


2. Floating point numbers (<class 'float'>): Used to store
decimal or floating-point numbers
3. Strings (<class 'str'>): Used to store strings
4. Booleans (<class 'bool'>): Used to store True/False
type values
5. None: None is a literal to describe 'Nothing' in
Python

Rules for defining a variable in Python:

 A variable name can contain alphabets, digits, and


underscores (_). For E.g. : demo_xyz = ‘It’s a string
variable’
 A variable name can only start with an alphabet and
underscore.
 It can't start with a digit. For an example, 5harry is
illegal and not allowed.
 No white-space is allowed to be used inside a
variable name.
 Also, reserved keywords are not recommended to be
used as variable names.

Examples of few valid variable names


are harry, _demo, de_mo, etc.

Python is a fantastic language that automatically


identifies the type of data for us. It means we need to put
some data in a variable, and Python automatically
understands the kind of data a variable is holding. Cool,
isn't it?

Have a look at the code below:

# Variable in Python:
abc = "It's a string variable"
_abcnum = 40 # It is an example of int variable
abc123 = 55.854 # It is an example of float variable
print(_abcnum + abc123) # This will give sum of 40 + 55.854
type() Function in Python: type() function is a function
that allows a user to find data type of any variable. It
returns the data type of any data contained in the variable
passed to it.
Have a look at the code below which depicts the use of
type function:

# type() Function in Python:


harry = "40"
demo = 55.5
demo = 40
print (type(harry)) #It will give output as string type
demo3 = type(demo) #It will return data type as float
print(demo3) #It will print that data type
print(type(demo2)) #It will give output as int type
Note – We can't do arithmetic operations of numbers with
strings i.e. we can't add a string to any number. Have a
look at the example below:

var1 = "It's a String"


var2 = 5
print(var1+var2) ''' It will give an error as we can't add string to
any number. '''
Note – We can add (concatenate) two or more strings and
the strings will be concatenated to return another string.
Heres the example showing that:

var1 = "My Name is "


var2 = "Harry"
var3 = var1+var2+" & I am a Good Boy."
print(var1+var2) # It will give output 'My Name is Harry'
print(var3)

Typecasting :

Typecasting is the way to change one data type of any


data or variable to another datatype, i.e. it changes the
data type of any variable to some other data type.

I know it's a bit confusing but let me tell you in a simple


manner. Suppose there is a string "34" Note: String is not
integer since it is enclosed in double-quotes) and as we
know we can't add this to an integer number let's say 6.
But to do so we can typecast this string to int data type
and then we can add 34+6 to get the output as 40. Have a
look at the program below:

# Typecasting in Python :
abc = 5
abc2 = '45'
abc3 = 55.95
xyz = 5.0

abc4=int(abc2)

print(abc+abc4) # Output : 50
print(abc+int(abc2)) # Output : 50

print(float(abc)+xyz) # It will add 5.0 + 5.0 and will return 10.0

print(str(abc)+45) # It will give an error as abc has been changed


into string.
There are many functions to convert one data type into
another type :

str() – this function allows us to convert some other data


type into a string.

int() – this function allows us to convert some other data


type into an integer. For example, str("34") returns 34
which is of type integer (int)

float() – this function allows us to convert some other data


type into floating-point number i.e. a number with
decimals.

input() Function – This function allows the user to receive


input from the keyboard into the program as a string.
input() function always takes input as a string i.e. if we
ask the user to take a number as input even then it will
take it as a string and we will have to typecast it into
another data type as per the use case.
If you enter 45 when input() is called, you will get "45" as
a string

# Input Function in Python:


print("Enter your name : ")
name = input() #It will take input from user
print(Your Name is",name) # It will show the name
xyz = input(Enter your age : ")
print("Your age is ",xyz)
Quick Quiz: Create a program that takes two numbers as
input from the user and then prints the sum of these
numbers.

Solution :

# Quiz :
print("Enter First Number : ")
num1= input()
print("Enter Second Number : ")
num2=input()
print("The Sum is",num2) #It will give output as sum of two numbers.

Code file as described in the video

var1 = "54"
var4 = "32"
var2 = 4
var3 = 36.7
# print(100 * str(int(var1) + int(var4)) )
# print(100 * "Hello world\n")
# print("Enter your number")
# inpnum = input()
#
# print("You entered", int(inpnum)+10)
"""
str()
int()
float()
"""

"""
Quiz - Solved in the video
Exercise - Next video
Project - Some awesome python utility
"""
# print(type(var1))

print("Enter first number")


n1 = input()
print("Enter second number")
n2 = input()
print("Sum of these two numbers is", int(n1) + int(n2))

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