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MATERIAL MANAGEMENT OF HIGH RISE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Article · May 2019

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Material Management of High Rise Construction

Project
1
Pritesh B. Shrimali, 2Dr. Jayeshkumar Pitroda, 3Prof. Chitanjan Patel
1
Student of M.Tech. Construction Engineering and Management, Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya, Engineering College,
Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat.
2
Associate Professor, P.G.Co-ordinator, Construction Engineering and Management, Civil Engineering Department, Birla
Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya, Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat.
3
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, SVIT Engineering College, Vasad, Gujarat.

Abstract: The goal of material management is to ensure that the materials are available at their point of use when needed. Hence,
well-organized procurement of material represents a key role in the successful conclusion of the work. If the materials are not
managed properly then it affects the cost of the construction and also the time and effort invested on the construction site is
wasted. There are many problems to affect the civil construction project. Like, cost, time, quality, safety, materials etc. This paper
shows awareness and considerate of the different factors affecting construction material management is required to reduce project
cost overrun and site completion delay. Material management is concerned with the planning, identification, procuring, storage,
receiving and distribution of material. For this study, data was collected using both primary and secondary sources. The primary
data was obtained through observation and interview of the contractor and site engineer directed to contractors that are involved
in building projects. The secondary data was obtained from previously done different researches, internet, journals and books. The
secondary data was used as a source for problem identification and was used as criteria for developing and analyzing the primary
data. From the material management processes decrease the cost of material and also time saving of high rise construction
projects. Materials inventory control like ABC Analysis, FSN Analysis, Bar chart, Job layout are discuss out the different site.

Keywords: ABC Analysis Construction, Bar chart, Job layout Project, High Rise Construction, Material Management, Reduce
Cost, Reduce Time

I. INTRODUCTION
In this age of modernization the building industry is developing very fast with this development there is huge amount of
money spent on this industry. Material management is defined as planning, identification, procuring, storage, receiving, and
distribution of the material. The main purpose of material management is to assure that the right materials are in the right place,
in the right time, in the right quantity when needed. The cost of materials is about 65% of the total cost of any building. The
responsibility of material management department for the flow of materials from the time the materials are ordered received
and stored until they are used in the basis of material management. If the materials are not managed properly then it affects the
cost of the building and also the time and effort invested on the construction site is wasted. The money and time wasted due to
poor materials management can be saved and can be used for betterment of the project. There is also a significant amount of
materials wastage as materials if not managed on the site in a proper manner. This wastage of materials, wastage of time, and
wastage of money all creates a loss of money and energy. Also the inventory control like ABC Analysis, FSN Analysis, Bar
chart, Job layout are discuss in this paper. From the analysis of inventory control there are some suggestions and also the
recommendation of the analysis gives from the case study. As we know the 65% of the total cost of any building is spend on
materials and its handling. So if the materials are managed properly there can be a significant difference in the profit or loss
from the construction projects. To understand the practical aspect of the materials management and its effects on the real time
construction site, I have working on a case study.

II. AIM
The main aim of my research is to study scientific process of materials management and compare it with the process
actually followed at the construction site. In order to have clear understanding of subject matter I have decided to undertake a
case study of a building project.

III. OBJECTIVE
Objective of study is given below,

1. To find the critical factor affecting to the material management of high rise construction project.
2. To reduce the cost of high rise construction from proper inventory control like ABC Analysis.
3. To reduce the time of high rise construction project from the bar chart and job layout of construction site.

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IV. LITERATURE REVIEW

There are lots of literatures of material management on internet. From the literature finds the critical factor of material
management of construction project.
1. Major factor affecting material management are poor inventory control, poor construction methods, use of technology,
delay in material delivery etc.
2. For large companies, material management factor is highly affecting construction site. While in small and medium
companies owner/consultant factor need special attention for material management.
3. Most of companies are follows material management process as per the traditional ways.
4. The scope of study is mainly focus on the large construction project.
5. Most of the researchers have used inventory control method like, ABC analysis and EOQ analysis.

V. CASE STUDY

For the understanding and find the critical factor of high rise construction project, there are conducted the case studies.
Following table I is the different case study and their details.
TABLE I
CASE STUDY DETAILS
Sr. No. Site Name Developer Present Situation Location
1 Abhyuday Heights Abhyuday Enterprise 2 Tower, G+7 Opp. Abhyuday Arcade,
Dahej Bypass Road, Bharuch

2 R.K. County Shree Saikrupa 7 Tower, G+7 Opp. Narmada Collage,

(Rang Krishna’s County) Creation Bharuch

3 Rang Skycity Sai Ashish 2 Tower, G+2 Sukaltirth Road, Tavra,

Developers Bharuch

A. MATERIALS COST DETAILS

Following table II is cost of each material. These costs of each material are come from the regular site visit and also the
site engineer of construction site.
TABLE II
DIFFERENT MATERIALS

Bulk Material Ceramic/Glazed Tiles Doors/Window

1. Cement 1. Black Granite 1. Main Door
2. Sand 2. Kota Stone 2. Bed Room Door
3. Steel 3. Ceramic Tiles (Glazed) 3. Toilet Door
4. Aggregate 4. Vitrified Tiles 4. Kitchen Yard
5. Admixture 5. Granite (Gray) 5. Terrace Door
6. Weld mesh 6. LMR Door
7. Binding Wire 7. Data Rm, Garbage Rm, Meter Rm
8. Hardwood 8. Lift Door
9. Metal 9. LV Duct
10. Fly Ash 10. Garbage Chute
11. Softwood 11. Fire Duct
12. Living Room Window
13. Master Bedroom Small Window
14. Kitchen Window
15. Dining Room Window
16. Toilet Window

Plumbing/Sanitary Fitting Kitchen cabinets Wiring/Electric Legend

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1. Wash basin 1. Kitchen Sink 1. Door Bell Point

2. Long Body Big Cock 2. Sink Cock 2. Light Point
3. Wall Mixture 3. Sink Waste Coupling 3. Fan Point+ Regulator
4. Shower 4. Short Body Big Cock 4. AC ON/OFF Switch
5. Water Closet 5. 5AMP Switch & Socket
6. Health For Faucet 6. Telephone Point
7. Angle Cock 7. T.V Cable Point
8. Waste Pipe 8. 15 AMP Socket Looped
9. Consenting Pipe
10. Sink Coupling
11. Flow Tap
12. Flange

B. ABC ANALYSIS

ABC Analysis s a basic analytical management tool, which enables top management to place the efforts where the results
will be greatest. This technique popularly known as Always Better Control, has universal applications in many areas of human
endeavor. In ABC Analysis, ‘A’ class items account for about 70% of the usage value, ‘B’ class items for about 20% of the usage
value and ‘C’ class items constitute about 70% of the usage value. In terms of number ‘A’ class items constitute about 10% of the
total items, ‘B’ class items constitute about 20% of total items and ‘C’ class items constitute about 70% of total items. In material
management, this technique is being applied in areas need in selective control, such as inventory, criticality of items, obsolete
stocks, purchasing orders ,receipt of materials ,inspection ,store-keeping, verification of bills.

Bulk Material ABC Analysis Ceramic/Galazed Tiles ABC Analysis

100 Summary
100
90
90
Cumulative Annual Uasage %
Cumulative Annual Uasage %

80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10 Class A Class B Class C Class A Class B Class C
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of number of items
Percentage of number of items

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Doors ABC Analysis summary Window ABC Analysis Summary

100 100
Cumulative Annual Uasage %

90 90

Cumulative Annual Uasage %

80 80
70 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 Class A Class B Class C Class A Class B Class C
10
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of number of items Percentage of number of items

Plumbing/Sanitary Fittings ABC Summary Electric Legend ABC Summary

100 100
Cumulative Annual Uasage %

90 90
Cumulative Annual Uasage %

80 80
70 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30
30
20
20 Class A Class B
Class C 10 Class C
10 Class A Class B
0
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of number of items Percentage of number of items

C. BAR CHART

The following figure II is the snapshot of bar chart created in excel to understand and compare the actual work on the site with
planned. The actual work on site was observed by doing regular site visit. It helps to understand the difference between planned
and actual work and also problems due to which work is delayed.

FIGURE 1: BAR CHART

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D. JOB LAYOUT

Storage of materials on the site can be seen from figure given below; this is the actual layout of the construction site. Materials
are placed at the different places so that the inconvenient to utilization of materials. Therefore the management of materials is not
properly done. Figure 3 is the actual job layout of construction site. Which is shows that the some of material are not properly
placed at the site.

FIGURE 2: ACTUAL JOB LAYOUT

Figure 4 is the planned layout of the construction site. The planned job layout is based as per engineer book. Materials are
placed at the convenient places so that utilization of materials is good. So that the management of material are efficient.

FIGURE 3: PLANNED JOB LAYOUT

From the job layout of the site I can see there is a mismanagement in placing of some materials which creates a haphazard
situation on site on a busy day. Also the approach for the material handling equipment is from the centre of the site which is not
suggested for such site.

III. CONCLUSION

ABC analysis performed on bulk material, ceramic Glazed tiles, doors, Windows, plumbing/ sanitary Fittings, kitchen
cabinets, wiring/ Electric Legend by the data analysis the those 70-80% of the total yearly usage value that class ‘A’ category
items rigid Control and need to be stocked in smaller quantities. Class ‘B’ category those 15-25% of total yearly usage value
items formalized inventory system, also less purchase and store management. Class ‘C’ category those 10-15% of total yearly
usage value items should be procured rarely and enough quantities.

The actual work on site was observe by doing regular site visit. It helps to understand the difference between planned and
actual work and also problems due to which work is delayed. From bar chart actual work on the site site mostly delay, so the time
of project are increase. When time of project are increase indirectly increase in cost. With increasing time of project the penalty of
the delay are increase. Also delay for the customers of the residential project.

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The actual work on site was observe by doing regular site visit. From the site visit lost of materials are place anywhere.
There no job layout for the site. On site, where the place shows materials are lay down on ground surface. Also the approach for
the material handling equipment is from the centre of the site which is not suggested for such site.

IV. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I really thankful to Prof. (Dr.) I. N. Patel (Principal) BVM Engg. College, Dr. Jayeshkumar Pitroda, P.G. Co-ordinator,
Construction Engineering and Management, BVM Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Assistant Professor Civil
Engineering Department SVIT Engineering College Vasad, Gujarat. For helping in my research study.

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AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHY

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Pritesh Shrimali, born in gujarat, india pritesh completed his graduation in civil engineering from
Shree sad Vidhya Mandal Institute of Technology – bharuch in 2017. Currently he is student of birla
vishawakarma mahavidhyalaya pursuing m. tech in construction engineering and management. He is
working on material management on high rise construction project.

Dr. Jayeshkumar Pitroda, received his Bachelor of Engineering Degree in Civil Engineering from
Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineering College, Sardar Patel University (Vallabh
Vidyanagar, Gujarat-India) in 2000. In 2009 he received his master‟s degree in Construction
Engineering and Management form Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya Sardar Patel University
(Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat-India). In 2015 he received his Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Degree in
Civil Engineering from Sardar Patel University (Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat-India). He has joined
Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineering College as a faculty in 2009, where he is lecturer of
Civil Engineering Department and at present working as Associate Professor from February 2018
having total experience of 18 years in the field of Research, Designing and Education. At present
holding charge of PG Coordinator Construction Engineering and Management. He is guiding M.E. /
M. Tech (Construction Engineering and Management/ Construction Project Management/
Environmental Engineering) thesis work in the field of Civil / Construction Engineering/
Environmental Engineering. He is also guiding Ph.D. students (Civil Engineering). He has published
many papers in National / International Conferences and Journals. He has published nine Research
Books in the field of Civil Engineering, Rural Road Construction, National Highways Construction,
Utilization of Industrial Waste, Fly Ash Bricks, Construction Engineering and Management, Eco-
friendly Construction.
Prof. C.G.Patel , received his bachelor of Engineering Degree in Civil Engineering from Birla
Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineering College, Sardar Patel University (Vallabh Vidyanagar,
Gujarat-India) in 1995. In 2002, he received his master’s degree in Construction Engineering and
Management form Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya Sardar Patel University (Vallabh Vidyanagar,
Gujarat-India). He is lecturer of Civil Engineering Department , SVIT Vasad and at present working
as Assistant Professor ,having total experience of 23 years in the field of Research, Designing and
Education.He published several research paper during this time. He is guiding M.E. / M. Tech
(Construction Engineering and Management/ Construction Project Management) thesis work in the
field of Civil / Construction Engineering.

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