CS 820: ADVANCED DATABASE CONCEPTS

MSIT-2K23
 Class Introduction

Lecture Class policies details

Outline
Course Details-Aims and Outcomes

Assignments/Project

Application Areas – Start ADCs

 ▸ Muhammad Bilal
▸ PhD – (Kyung Hee University)
Research:
▸ Information Retrieval, Data Science, Machine
Learning, Recommender Systems, Health
About me Informatics, Knowledge Graph
▸

▸ Consultation Timing
▹ Faculty Block: A-301
By appointment
▸ Email
▹ [email protected]
 ▸ Text Book:
 Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan (2019):
Database System Concepts 7/E, McGraw-Hill
 MongoDB in Action, second Edition, Manning
Course publications, 2016
Books  GraphDatabases in Action, Examples in Gremlin,
Manning publications, 2020

▸ Reference Books:
 https://db-book.com/db7/index.html
 Web is the greenest book!!
 ▸ LMS:
▹ Course Outline (Will explain structure of the course
and project details)
▹ Lectures
Class ▹ Assignment
Policy- ▹ Project
Lecture ▹ Submission
Resources
▸ Qalam:
▹ Attendance (Minimum 75% attendance is required for
ESE )
▹ Grading
 ▸ Tentative Breakup
▹ Quizzes (10%)
▹ Assignments (10%)
▹ Mid Term (30%)
Class ▹ Final Exam (40%)
Policy- ▹ Project (10% each)
Course
Breakup
Zero tolerance for plagiarism
 Objectives
 Database
 heart of modern commercial application
development
Lecture  familiarize students with the concepts and
Objectives applications of advanced techniques
 apply advanced database concepts for
complex issues and manage and manipulate
advanced database processing
Course Overview
(Background)
 ▸Relational Database Fundamentals
▸ Basic Concepts, Linear Algebra, normalization etc.
▸Disk storage and File system,
Course Key ▸ Indexing & Hashing techniques
Topics ▸Query Processing
▸ Parsing-Translation, Optimization and Execution
▸Transaction Management
▸Concurrency Control Techniques
▸Recovery Techniques
▸No-SQL
▸ Modern Database Applications
What is a Database?
 ▸ Data is the collection of raw fact
and figures.
▸ Data is important as useful findings can
Data- An Asset
be extracted from them.
▸ When data get processed to extract
useful findings they become
Information.
Data Processing Information

▸ Data is an important asset for

an organization.
 File Processing System
 Before database company’s maintain their record
through computer based file processing systems.

 Data is stored in files on disks and tapes.

 Each department has its own set of files, not

related/linked to other departments files.

 The system has many drawbacks.

File Processing
System
Example
 Drawbacks
System
File Processing  Data redundancy and inconsistency
 Multiple file formats, duplication of information
in different files

 Difficulty in accessing data

 Need to write a new program to carry out each new
task

 Data isolation — multiple files and formats

 Integrity problems
 Integrity constraints (e.g., account balance > 0)
become “buried” in program code rather than being
stated explicitly
 Hard to add new constraints or change existing
ones
 Drawbacks
System
File Processing
 Atomicity of updates
 Failures may leave database in an inconsistent state with partial
updates carried out
 Example: Transfer of funds from one account to another should
either complete or not happen at all’

 Concurrent access by multiple users

 Concurrent access needed for performance
 Uncontrolled concurrent accesses can lead to inconsistencies
 Example: Two people reading a balance (say 100) and updating
it by withdrawing money (say 50 each) at the same time

 Security problems
 Hard to provide user access to some, but not all, data
Database systems offer solutions to all the above problems
Database
Oriented
Approach to
Data
Management
 ▸ Database is an organized collection of related data
that is stored in efficient and compact manner.

▸ Database Applications:
Database · Banking: transactions
· Airlines: reservations, schedules
· Universities: registration, grades
· Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax
deductions
· Etc

▸ Databases can be very large and can touch all aspects

of our lives.
 ▸ Database System comprises of:
· Collection of interrelated data (database)
· Set of programs to access the data (tools for
managing data)
· An environment that is both convenient and
Database efficient to use (interface to access and
Managem manage the database)
ent
System- ▸ Few important concepts/features/components
related to database systems are:
DBMS · Data Abstraction
· Data Models
· Instances & Schemas
· Data Independence
Applications of the database
Technology
  Storage retrieval of traditional data-
Numeric and Alphanumeric data
Applications

 Stock administration: Keeping track of the

number products in stock
 Storage retrieval of multimedia data
(pictures, video, sounds,…)
 : Popular video database for
audiovisual data
Example: Youtube DB
 Result list
Lore
Video & description,
Read
m
ipsu
m
# Views, Likes

Example

Unpack
YouTube
Youtube DB
DB
Lore Lore
Learn
m
ipsu Modify
m
ipsu
m m

Related videos Upload

Relevant ads Like, Review
  Storage and retrieval of web content
(HTML, PDF, Images, XML,….)
 Retrieval websites…
Applications

 Storage of large datasets for analysis

(Data warehouses)
 Collection and analysis of
customer purchasing behavior - shop
optimization
Every
minute
on the
Internet
Example

Unpack
ATM DB:

Transaction
Read Balance Read Balance
Give money vs Update Balance
Update Balance Give money
 Platform to store, manage data Supporting
Scale
Lorem
Speed
Read
ipsum
Stability
Evolution
Goals of
Reliability
Databases
Cost efficiency
Operations
Any DB

Lorem Lorem
Learn Modify
ipsum
Thank You!