0% found this document useful (0 votes)
34 views10 pages

Sheet 11 Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

The document discusses regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. It covers topics like transcription factors that regulate gene expression through binding to DNA, chromatin remodeling complexes, and control of gene expression at different levels like transcription initiation and translation. Several statements about regulatory mechanisms and experiments are provided to test understanding.

Uploaded by

sharmaekta1801
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
34 views10 pages

Sheet 11 Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

The document discusses regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. It covers topics like transcription factors that regulate gene expression through binding to DNA, chromatin remodeling complexes, and control of gene expression at different levels like transcription initiation and translation. Several statements about regulatory mechanisms and experiments are provided to test understanding.

Uploaded by

sharmaekta1801
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

EUKARYOTIC GENE between the three possibilities stated above.

REGULATION (NOV 2020-I)


4. Following statements were made about
regulation of eukaryotic gene expression.
A. It is usually regulated at the level of
(SEPT 2022-I)
initiation of altering the chromatin by
1. Which of the options correctly matches the
transcription architecture.
proteins involved in transcription (Column A )
B. The eukaryotic genome is divided into
with the DNA they carry ( Column B)
domains by insulator elements.
C. A chromatin remodeling complex binds to
the promoter of a gene in sequence specific
A. TFIIIA i. Helix-turn-helix
manner.
B. MyoD ii. Zinc finger
D. Architectural proteins regulate gene
C. Jun iii. Helix-loop-helix
expression by promoting DNA bending.
D. Cro iv. Leucine Zipper
E. The chromatin remodeling complex can
alter nucleosomal architecture, but cannot
(1) A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii
displace them.
(2) A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii
The option with all the correct statements is
(3) A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv
(1) A, B, D (2) A, C, E
(4) A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i
(3) B, D, E (4) B, C, D
(NOV 2020-I)
(DEC 2013 GU)
2. Which one of the following statements
5. You are studying a transcriptional activator
about GAL gene expression is FALSE?
which is phosphorylated at serine residue
(1) GALA is a positive regulator of GAL genes
that inactivates its nuclear localization signal.
(2) The UAS region that regulates the GAL
Which one of the following will be true if the
gene expression harbors short, phased AT
serine residue in the transcription factor will
repeats every 10 base pairs
be replaced by alanine?
(3) GAL 80 is a positive regulator of GAL4
(1) No phosphorylation Of the transcription
(4) GAL80 is negatively regulated bv GAL3
factor and constitutive activation of the target
(JUNE 2015) gene expression.
3. In response to a drug, changes in protein (2) No phosphorylation of the transcription,
levels were examined in a cell line. A pulse factor and target gene expression will be
chase experiment was performed using inhibited.
labeled methionine. In comparison, to (3) No change in phosphorylation and target
untreated samples, the following observations gene expression.
were made: few minutes after stimulation, (4) Increased phosphorylation of the
protein X accumulates and this was followed transcription factor with concomitant increase
by reduction in protein Y and Z. The correct of the target gene expression
interpretation of these observations would
be: (DEC 2014)
(1) Protein X is a protease which degrades Y 6. The expression of a hypothetical gene was
and Z. analyzed by Northern and Western blot
(2) Protein X is a transcriptional repressor hybridizations under control and induced
that controls expression of Y and Z. condition. The results are summarized below:
(3) Expression of protein X and loss of Y and
Z are unrelated.
(4) Information is not sufficient to distinguish
Expression of genes can be regulated by:
A. control at transcription initiation
B. alternative splicing
C. control of translation initiation
If the regulation of gene 'A' expression is
D. protein stability
controlled ONLY at the level of translation,
Which of the above regulatory mechanisms
which of the above profile/s are possible
can explain the observations shown in the
correct representation of0 the experimental
figures?
results.
(1) only B (2) only A and B
(1) A only (2) D only
(3) only B and C (4) A, B, C and D
(3) A and D (4) B and C

(NOV 2020-II)
(DEC 2012)
7. Expression of gene 'A' is a regulated by
8. Locus control region (LCR) lies far
Mg2+. The expression of gene 'A' in untreated
upstream from the gene cluster and is
(UN) and cells treated with Mg2+ (T) was
required for the appropriate expression of
analysed by Northern hybridization (N) and
each gene in cluster. LCR regulates
Western blotting (W). A similar exercise was
expression of globin genes in the cluster
done for a mutant (Mut) which was isolated
through the following ways.
with a 6 bp deletion in 5'UTR of the transcript
A. LCR interacts with promoters of individual
of gene 'A',
genes by DNA looping through DNA-binding
The following are summary of four possible
proteins.
results that are hypothesized to be obtained.
B. The LCR-bound proteins attract chromatin.
Where
remodeling complexes including histone-
UN = Untreated Cells, WT = Wild type cells,
modifying enzymes and components of the
T = Cells treated with Mg2+, Mut = Cell with
transcription machinery.
mutation in gene A, N = Northern
C. LCR acts as an enhancer for global
hybridization, W = Western blotting.
regulation of gene cluster and does not
regulate individual genes.
D. LCR participates in covering inactive
chromatin to active chromatin around the
gene cluster.
Choose the correct set of combinations.
(1) A and B (2) A and C
(3) B and C (4) B and D
(DEC 2011)
9. Insulin and other growth factors stimulate
a pathway involving a protein kinase mTOR,
which in its turn augments protein synthesis.
mTOR essentially modifies protein( s) which
Identify the pattern expected in the
in their unmodified form act as inhibitors of
engineered strain.
protein synthesis. The following proteins are
possible candidates:
A. eEF-1 B. elF-4E-BP1
C. elF-4E D. PHAS-I
Which of the following sets is correct?
(1) A and B (2) Band D
(3) A and C (4) B and C

(MODEL PAPER)
10. During mitogenic stimulation, cells
proliferate at a higher rate and it is primarily
determined by an enhanced rate of protein
synthesis. Among other mechanisms, MAP
kinase pathway of signal transduction is
involved in this. Global protein synthesis may (DEC 2013)
be regulated by many mechanisms involving 12. During heat shock, mammalian cells shut
various steps of protein synthesis, namely, down global protein synthesis while inducing
initiation, elongation and termination. Thus, heat shock proteins (Hsps). The possible
many protein factors may be involved in the molecular regulation(s) that could explain the
same. phenomenon are:
In the above process (mitogenic stimulation) A. mRNA of all proteins, except those of
the following factors are the portable targets. Hsps, undergoes degradation during heat
A. elF -2 B. eEF-1 shock.
C. S6 kinase D. elF-4E BP B. Cap-dependent translation of most mRNAs
The correct answer is is affected during heat shock due to
(1) A+B (2) C+D denaturation of cap binding protein, elF-4E.
(3) D+A (4) B+D C. Translation initiation of Hsp mRNAs takes
place through their internal ribosome entry
(JUNE 2016) sites (IRES)
11. one of the cellular events that TOR. a D. Hsp mRNAs are abundant during heat
kinase, positively regulates is the rate of shock and thus they compete out other
rRNA synthesis. TOR regulates the mRNAs for ribosome binding and translation.
association of a transcription factor to a POI I Which of the following sets is correct?
subunit. When TOR is inhibited by the drug (1) A and D (2) B and C
rapamycin, the transcription factor dissociates (3) C and D (4) A and D
from POI I. A yeast strain is engineered,
which expresses a fusion of the transcription (JUNE 2013)
factor and the POI I subunit. The level of 13. The cap binding protein (elF4E), which is
rRNA synthesis is monitored in these cells involved in the global regulation of
using pulse labelling following rapamycin translation, is highly regulated in eukaryotic
addition for the times indicated below. The cells. In an experiment, a researcher
transcript profile of rRNA observed for the transfected mammalian cells with (elF4E)
wild type cells is given below: gene for its overexpression. Due to this, the
cells will undergo (3) The free r-protein(s) bind to the mRNA(s)
(1) Apoptosis and downregulate their translation.
(2) neoplastic transformation (4) The free r-protein(s) bind free NTPs
(3) no change which then activates their cryptic
(4) differentiation ribonuclease activity leading to the
degradation of their mRNAs.
(DEC 2017)
14. During eukaryotic protein synthesis. strew (SEPT 2022-II)
conditions result in activation of specific 17. The 5' UTR of ferritin mRNA forms a
kinases leading to phosphorylation of a key stem-loop structure called the iron regulatory
translation initiation factor that inhibits element (IRE). The Iron Regulatory Binding
protein synthesis from a large number of Protein [IRBP] binds this IRE. The following
cellular mRNA. Which one of the following statements were made with reference to
factors is the target of the kinase? IRBP- IRE interaction:
(1) elF4E (2) elF4G (A) IRBP-IRE interaction prevents elF4A from
(3) elF2a (4) Gcn4 resolving the stem-loop structure, thus
preventing initiation of translation of ferritin
(JUNE 2018) genes.
15. Phosphorylation of elF2 α subunits (at Ser (B) IRBP-IRE interaction recruits elF4A to the
51) leads to 5' UTR, thus promoting translation initiation.
(1) inactivation of Met-tRNAi, binding activity (C) In presence of ferrous ions IRBP is unable
of elF2B. to bind the IRE.
(2) sequestration of eIF2B because of tight (D) elF4A binds directly at the 5' UTR and
binding between elF2 and elF2B. disrupts the stem-loop structure, thus
(3) degradation of elF2B. promoting translation initiation.
(4) enhanced guanine exchange activity of Which one cf the options below represents
elF2B. the combination of all correct statements?
(1) B only (2) A and D
(SEPT 2022-I) (3) A and C (4) B and C
16. Regulation of mRNA translation is a major
mechanism that maintains stoichiometric (SEPT 2022-II)
availability of ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) 18. The post-translational modifications in
to rRNA molecules they bind to. Translational one or more core histones that are known to
regulation is facilitated by general occurrence be associated with DNA repair pathways are:
of the r-protein genes in several operons (1) Phosphorylation at specific tyrosine
containing multiple genes. Which one of the residues
following represents an established (2) Ubiquitination at specific lysine residues
mechanism to ensure optimal production of (3) Acetylation at specific serine residues
the r-proteins in E. coli, when the r-proteins (4) Methylation at specific serine residues
accumulate in free form (molar excess on
rRNA) (JUNE 2014)
(1) The free r-protein(s) often bind to 19. Prior to transcription, chromatin changes
corresponding DNA sequence and activate from an inactive state to an active state by
transcription of rRNA genes to increases rRNA various factors in a stepwise manner. Which
availability. one of the following is involved in the initial
(2) The free r-protein(s) bind to RNA step during activation of a chromatin loop?
polymerase and represses transcription of the (1) HMG14. (2) SSB
r-protein genes to decrease the availability of (3) DNA polymerase III (4) Topoisomerase
their mRNAs.
(JUNE 2019) of the co-activator is responsible for the
20. Phosphorylation of the a-subunit of elF2 recruitment of chromatin remodeling
at Ser 51 position in Saccharomyces complex?
cerevisiae leads to sequestration of elF2B, (1) Histone deacetylase activity.
guanosine exchange factor. This (2) Histone methyl transferase activity.
phenomenon is (3) Histone acetyl transferase activity.
(1) known to activate translation of the (4) DNA methyl transferase activity.
capped mRNAs in the cytosol
(2) known to activate translation of many key (JUNE 2013)
mRNAs possessing short ORFs(uORFs) in the 25. Phosphorylation of serines as well as
mRNA sequence that proceed the main ORF methylation and acetylation of lysines in
(3) an essential requirement for translation of histone tails affect the stability of chromatin
IRES containing mRNAs. structure above the nucleosome level and
(4) an essential requirement for the transport have important consequences for gene
of mature mRNAs out of the nucleus expression. The resulting changes in charge
are expected to affect the ability of the tails
(JUNE 2016) to interact with DNA because
21. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) catalyses the (1) DNA is negatively charged.
removal of acetyl group from N-terminal of (2) DNA-histone interaction is independent of
histones. Which amino acid of histone is net charge.
involved in this process? (3) phosphorylation of serine increases DNA-
(1) Lysine (2) Arginine histone interaction.
(3) Asparagine (4) Histidine (4) methylation and acetylation of lysine
increases DNA-histone interaction.
(DEC 2010)
22. Among the following which enzyme used (JUNE2013)
NAD as cofactor? 26. DNA methylation plays an important role
(1) Histone acetyl transferase in transcription regulation in vertebrates.
(2) Histone methyl transferase There is an inverse correlation between the
(3) Histone deacetylase level of DNA methylation in the vicinity of a
(4) Histone demethylase gene and its transcription rate, whereas there
is a direct correlation increased and
(JUNE 2014) acetylation between histone transcription. β-
23. Histone acetylase and chromatin thalassemia is a common genetic impairment
remodeling complexes are recruited to of hemoglobin β -chain synthesis in humans.
specific regions of chromatin by If these patients can synthesize hemoglobin-F
(1) gene activator proteins. instead of hemoglobin chain in its place, they
(2) specific promoter sequence would be notably benefited. Administration of
(3) phosphorylation of histone acetylase. 5-azacytidine to thalassemia patients
(4) dephosphorylation of chromatin increases hemoglobin-F level in erythrocytes
remodeling complexes. and thus benefit the patients.
Which one of the following statements about
(JUNE 2014) 5- azacytidine is NOT correct?
24. After activation of a promoter by the DNA (1) Cells exposed to 5-azacytidine incorporate
binding activity of a transcription factor, a co- it into DNA in place of cytidine.
activator is recruited at the region targeted (2) 5-azacytidine decreases DNA methylation.
for transcription which in turn creates a (3) 5-azacytidine promotes histone
binding site for a chromatin remodeling acetylation.
complex. Which one of the following activities (4) 5-azacytidine does not promote gene
expression. function of the following target genes was
done to allow expression of the gene of
(JUNE 2011) interest from its new locus.
27. In eukaryotic chromatin, 30 nm fiber A. Mutation in histone deacetylase (Clr3).
(solenoid) can open up to give rise to two B. Mutation in histone acetyltransferase
kinds of chromatin. In one type (A), the (HAT-8).
promoter of a gene within the open C. Mutation in histone H3 lysine 9 methyl
chromatin is occupied by a nucleosome transferase (Clr4).
whereas in the other (B), the promoter is D. Loss of Dicer, an RNA processing enzyme.
occupied by histone H1. The following Which of the above events could allow the
possibilities are suggested. expression of this gene from the centromeric
A) The gene in (A) is repressed. region?
B) The gene in (B) is repressed. (1) A, B and C
C) The gene in (A) is active. (2) A, C and D
D) The gene in (B) is active. (3) B and C only
Which of the following sets is correct? (4) A and C only
(1) A and D (2) B and C
(3) B and D (4) C and D (NOV 2020-II)
31. The mammalian protein HP1 plays a
(JUNE 2011) major role in heterochromatinization and
28. Small RNAs with internally silencing. The following mutations are
complementary sequences that form hairpin- proposed to negatively impact HP1 function.
like structure, synthesized as precursor RNAs A. Mutation inactivating the deacetylase that
and cleaved by endonucleases to form short targets H3K14AC
duplexes are called B. Mutation inactivating HP1 bromo-domain
(1) snRNA (2) mRNA C. Mutation inactivating HP1 chromo-domain
(3) tRNA. (4) miRNA. D. Mutation inactivating the KMT1A methyl-
transferase whose target site is H3K9
(DEC 2014)
Which one of the following combinations
29. A gene producing red pigment was placed
represents all correct statements?
near centromeres of fission yeast and thus
(1) A, C and D (2) A, B and D
subjected to position effect variegation and
(3) B and D only (4) C and D only
produced white colonies, A screen for
mutants that increased the red pigment
(DEC 2019)
production was undertaken. Which of the
32. Readers of histone modifications include:
following genes, when mutated, is likely to
(1) SUN domain proteins
produce this genotype?
(2) BAG domain proteins
(1) histone deacetylase
(3) PAS domain proteins
(2) Histone acetylase
(4) TUDOR domain proteins
(3) RNA polymerase II
(4) TATA binding factor
(SEPT 2022-I)
33. Following statements were made about
(JUNE 2018)
chromatin remodeling in eukaryotes:
30. Genes translocated to the
(A) Chromatin remodeling completely alters
heterochromatic regions of chromosomes are
and/or slides the nucleosome, but cannot
silenced. In S. pombe, a translocation event
displace it.
was detected wherein a gene of interest was
(B) Chromatin remodeling is an energy
translocated to the centromere region and is
driven, developmentally regulated active
silenced. Mutagenesis leading to loss of
process.
(C) Histone acetylation is a reversible (1) is identical on all the nucleosomes of a
process, in which each direction of the gene
reaction is catalyzed by different enzymes (2) varies between the nucleosomes present
(D) In general, acetylation of core histones in the transcription initiation and elongation
reduces their affinity for DNA and destabilizes regions
the chromatin structure, causing (3) is always fixed for the nucleosomes in the
transcriptional repression. promoter regions of the genes that are
(E) Phosphorylation of Ser1 of histone H2A transcriptionally active
has been associated with transcription (4) in the transcription initiation regions is
repression. identical for the genes that are sensitive to
(1) A, B and C (2) A, C and D nuclease activity
(3) B, C and E (4) C, D and E
(DEC 2019)
(SEPT 2022-I) 36. The amino acid side chains of the four
34. Following statements were made about histones in the nucleosome are subjected to
some of the characteristics of the human remarkable variety of post-translation
genome: modifications such as phosphorylation,
(A) Evidence derived by chromosome acetylation and methylation. Which one of
conformation capture (3C) suggests that each the following post-translational marks on
chromosome comprised a series of histone tails is usually associated with
topologically associated domains. transcriptional repression?
(B) Insulators typically mark the boundaries (1) Acetylation of H3K9
of topologically associated domains, (2) Methylation of H3K9
preventing the genes within a domain from (3) Acetylation of H4K5
being influenced by the regulatory modules of (4) Phosphorylation of H3S10
an adjacent domain.
(C) Presence of insulators does not overcome (JUNE 2019)
the positional effect after integration of a 37. Following statements are made about
transgene into the genome. chromatin re-modelling in human cells:
(D) Insulators can provide barrier against the A. Local chromatin conformation may play
spread of heterochromatin. more important role than the local DNA
(E) Insulator sequences are absent in the sequence of the promoter.
Drosophila genome, which suggests their B. Histones in nucleosome can undergo many
essentiality in achieving highest degree of different covalent modifications, which in
gene regulation in humans. turn, alter the chromatin architecture locally.
Which one of the following represents the C. Chromatin re-modelling is a
correct combination of above statements? developmentally regulated passive process
(1) A, B and C which does not require ATP.
(2) A, B and D D. Several histone variants exist, which
(3) B. C and D replace the standard histones in specific
(4) C, D and E types of chromatin.
Select the option that has the combination of
(DEC 2019 ASSAM) all correct answers.
35. Chromatin re-modelling leading to histone (1) A, C, D (2) A, B, C
modifications is invariably required for (3) A, B, D (4) B, C, D
regulation of transcriptional activity of
eukaryotic genes. The residues in histone (DEC 2011)
tails may be methylated or acetylated, The 38 human, protein coding genes are mainly
nature of these modifications organized "exons" and "introns'’. There are
intergenic regions that transcribe into various statement about them is NOT true?
types of non-coding RNA (not translating into (1) Both siRNA and miRNA are processed by
protein). Some introns may harbor also DICER.
transcription units, which are (2) Both siRNA and-miRNA usually guide
(1) always other protein coding genes silencing of the same genetic loci from which
(2) protein coding gene and RNA coding they originate.
genes (3) miRNA is a natural molecule while siRNA
(3) always RNA coding genes is either natural or a synthetic one.
(4) pseudo genes (4) miRNA, but not siRNA is processed by
Drosha.
(DEC 2018)
39. In an experiment, intact chromatin was (JUNE 2014)
isolated and digested with micrococcal 42. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been
nuclease in independent tubes for 30 min, 1 shown to play significant role in the fine
h, 2h, and 4h. tuning of gene expression. Some miRNAs
Further, the DNA was purified from each induce gene silencing by binding to mRNAs
tube, separated on agarose gel and Southern and inducing inhibition of translation. On the
hybridization was performed with rRNA gene other hand, there are miRNAs that bind to
probe and a centromeric DNA probe. Which mRNAs and activate their degradation. The
one of the following patterns of signal following characteristics can be applicable to
intensity from both of the probes is likely to miRNAs that inhibit mRNA translation:
be obtained following Southern hybridization? A. miRNA is partially complementary to region
(1) With increasing time, compared to of target mRNA in the 3' UTR.
centromeric probe, a rapid increase in signal B. miRNA always base pairs with mRNA
intensity of rRNA gene probe was observed. around an AU- rich sequence.
(2) With increasing time, compared to C. miRNA base pairs with mRNA through 6-7
centromeric probe, a rapid decrease in signal nucleotides at its 5' end referred to as "seed
intensity of rRNA gene probe was observed. sequence" as well as few additional bases
(3) Irrespective of incubation period, both elsewhere.
probes produced identical band intensities. D. miRNA is always partially complementary
(4) Treatment with micrococcal nuclease to the 5' UTR of the target mRNA.
would instantly degrade the DNA, hence, no Choose the correct option from the following:
hybridization signal would be obtained, in any (1) A and B (2) A and C
of the samples. (3) C and D (4) A and D

(JUNE 2012) (JUNE 2011)


40. Which of the following statement is NOT 43. siRNAs and miRNAs are used for
true about small interfering RNA (siRNA)? achieving gene silencing. Although, major
(1) siRNA has 21-25 nucleotide sequence steps are similar there are distinct differences
with 2 nucleotide overhang at 3' end in the key players of the two processing
(2) siRNA is processed by RNA protein pathways. Following statements relate to
complex RISC some characteristic features of gene
(3) siRNA is often induced by viruses silencing.
(4) siRNA does not generally act at the level A) Both siRNAs and miRNAs are processed by
of transcription. cytoplasmic endonuclease Dicer.
B) 'Drosha' is needed for processing miRNAs
(JUNE 2016) and precursor siRNAs.
41. RNA interference is mediated by both C) Both siRNAs and miRNAs show association
siRNA and miRNA. Which one of the following with Argonaute protein.
D) Both the silencing pathways involve RISC which can explain this observation.
complex. A. The virus infection triggered upregulation
Which of the following combinations is NOT of miRNAs that might have down-regulated
correct? the host factor critical for viral RNA
(1) A and C (2) C and D replication.
(3) B only (4) D and A B. The virus might encode miRNAs that
regulate (inhibits) its own replication.
(JUNE 2014) C. One of the viral proteins inhibits replication
44. Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a of the viral RNA to restrict rapid proliferation.
process that takes advantage of the RNAi D. Viral RNA goes to nucleus with time and
mediated antiviral defense mechanism. Which thus not detectable in the cytoplasm 12 hour
one of the following ultimately guides siRNA post infection.
to degrade the target transcript (mRNA)? Which one of the following options has all
(1) dsRNA correct statements?
(2) ssRNA (1) A, B and C
(3) RNA Induced Silencing (RIS) Complex (2) A, C and D
(4) dsRNA binding protein (3) A, B and D
(4) B, C and D
(DEC 2018)
45. mRNA of a gene was depleted in human (JUNE 2019)
cells using siRNA that arrest cells in the G2 47. Irrespective of the chromosomal
phase of the cell cycle. In order to test configuration, a single X chromosome
whether the G2 arrest is due to an off- target remains active in all diploid human somatic
or all on-target effect of siRNA mediated cell lines. Which one of the following
mRNA depletion, an investigator can: mechanisms best accounts for the above
A. re-introduce an ectopic copy of the gene phenomenon?
coding for the wild-type mRNA and protein (1) A maternally inherited X—chromosome is
B. re-introduce an ectopic copy of the gene developmentally programmed to remain
that is different in its mRNA sequence at the active by avoiding DNA methylation.
siRNA target site but encodes for the same (2) Chromosome specific expression and
protein binding of rox1 to one of the X-chromosomes
C. re-introduce an ectopic copy of the gene protects it from Xist mediated silencing.
that codes for-different mRNA and protein (3) The T-six gene produces just enough of
D. utilize few more siRNAs targeting different the Xist antisense RNA to block one Xic locus.
regions of the mRNA in question (4) A cell produces just enough of the
Choose the combination with correct blocking factor to block one Xic locus.
statements:
(1) A, B, C only (2) C and D only (JUNE 2023-II)
(3) B and D only (4) B, C, D only 48. The following statements were made
about X- chromosome inactivation in humans:
(JUNE 2019) A. Maternally-derived X-chromosome has a
46. In an experiment, the student has greater chance of becoming inactivated in
infected mammalian host cell with any given cell.
cytoplasmic RNA virus. The virus growth was B. Both X-chromosomes are activated during
monitored by measuring the intracellular viral the process of oogenesis.
RNA at different time intervals. It was C. The XIST gene encodes for a single, long
observed that viral RNA titre progressively non-coding transcript, which binds with the X
went down with time, particularly 12 hours chromosome and helps in its inactivation.
post infection. Following are few possibilities D. The XIST gene expression is required to
initiate inactivation of X- chromosome, and ANSWER KEY:
also to maintain inactivation from one cell
generation to the next. 1- 4 21 - 1 41 - 2
E. Tsix transcription affects the abundance of 2- 3 22 - 3 42 - 2
Xist RNA in cis. 3- 4 23 - 1 43 - 3
Which one of the following options represents 4- 1 24 - 3 44 - 3
the combination of all correct statements? 5- 1 25 - 1 45 - 3
(1) A, C and D (2) B, C and E 6- 4 26 - 4 46 - 1
(3) A and C only (4) B and E only 7- 3 27 - 2 47 - 4
8- 1 28 - 4 48 - 2
(FEB 2022-I) 9- 2 29 - 1 49 - 2
49. Which one of the following combinations 10 -2 30 - 2
represents the major protein or protein 11 -2 31 - 1
complex involved in chromatin condensation 12 -2 32 - 4
in yeast and human, respectively? 13 -2 33 - 3
(1) HP1 and SIR Complex 14 -3 34 - 2
(2) SIR complex and HP1 15 -2 35 - 2
(3) HP1 and Su (var) 16 -3 36 - 2
(4) SIR complex and Su (var) 17 -3 37 - 3
18 -2 38 - 2
19 -4 39 - 2
20 -2 40 - 2

You might also like