JC 1 Geometry and Trigonometry W4 [142 marks]

1.

Adam sets out for a hike from his camp at point A. He hikes at an average speed of 4.2 km/h for
45 minutes, on a bearing of 035° from the camp, until he stops for a break at point B.

(a) Find the distance from point A to point B.

[2]

Adam leaves point B on a bearing of 114° and continues to hike for a distance of 4.6 km until he
reaches point C.

∧
(b.i) Show that ABC is 101°.

[2]

(b.ii) Find the distance from the camp to point C.

[3]
∧
(c) Find BCA.

[3]

Adam’s friend Jacob wants to hike directly from the camp to meet Adam at point C .
 (d) Find the bearing that Jacob must take to point C.

[3]

(e) Jacob hikes at an average speed of 3.9 km/h.

Find, to the nearest minute, the time it takes for Jacob to reach point C.

[3]

2.
"
Consider a function 𝑓, such that 𝑓(𝑥) = 5.8 sin *# (𝑥 + 1)- + 𝑏, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 10, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ.

(a) Find the period of 𝑓.

[2]

The function 𝑓 has a local maximum at the point (2, 21.8) , and a local minimum at (8, 10.2).

(b.i) Find the value of 𝑏.

[2]

(b.ii) Hence, find the value of 𝑓(6).

[2]

$"
A second function 𝑔 is given by 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑝 sin * % (𝑥 − 3.75)- + 𝑞, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 10; 𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ ℝ.

The function 𝑔 passes through the points (3, 2.5) and (6, 15.1).

(c) Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞.

[5]

(d) Find the value of 𝑥 for which the functions have the greatest difference.

[2]
3.

The following diagram shows part of a circle with centre O and radius 4 cm.

Chord AB has a length of 5 cm and AÔB = θ.

(a) Find the value of θ, giving your answer in radians.

[3]

(b) Find the area of the shaded region.

[3]

4.

A metal sphere has a radius 12.7 cm.

(a) Find the volume of the sphere expressing your answer in the form 𝑎 × 10& , 1 ≤ 𝑎 < 10 and
𝑘 ∈ ℤ.

[3]

(b) The sphere is to be melted down and remoulded into the shape of a cone with a height of
14.8 cm.

Find the radius of the base of the cone, correct to 2 significant figures.

[3]
5.

The cities Lucknow (𝐿), Jaipur (𝐽) and Delhi (𝐷) are represented in the following
diagram. Lucknow lies 500 𝑘𝑚 directly east of Jaipur, and 𝐽𝐿𝐷 = 25∘ .

The bearing of 𝐷 from 𝐽 is 034 ∘ .

D𝐿 .
(a) Find 𝐽𝐷

[2]

(b) Find the distance between Lucknow and Delhi.

[3]

6.

An engineer is designing a gutter to catch rainwater from the roof of a house.

The gutter will be open at the top and is made by folding a piece of sheet metal 45 𝑐𝑚 wide and
600 𝑐𝑚 long.

diagram not to scale

The cross-section of the gutter is shaded in the following diagram.

diagram not to scale

The height of both vertical sides is 10 𝑐𝑚. The width of the gutter is 𝑤 𝑐𝑚.

Arc 𝐴𝐵 lies on the circumference of a circle with centre 𝑂 and radius 12 𝑐𝑚.

Let 𝐴𝑂L𝐵 = 𝜃 radians, where 0 < 𝜃 < 𝜋.

(a) Show that 𝜃 = 2.08, correct to three significant figures.

[3]

(b) Find the area of the cross-section of the gutter.

[7]

In a storm, the total volume, in 𝑐𝑚( , of rainwater that enters the gutter can be modelled by a
function 𝑅(𝑡), where 𝑡 is the time, in seconds, since the start of the storm.

It was determined that the rate at which rainwater entered the gutter could be modelled by
$")
𝑅′(𝑡) = 50 cos R *
S + 3000, 𝑡 ≥ 0.

During any 60-second period, if the volume of rainwater entering the gutter is greater than the
volume of the gutter, it will overflow.

(c) Determine whether the gutter overflowed in this storm. Justify your answer.

[5]
7.
D C = 2𝛼,
The following diagram shows a sector ABC of a circle with centre A. The angle BA
" "
DA = .
where 0 < 𝛼 < $ , and OE $

A circle with centre O and radius 𝑟 is inscribed in sector ABC.

AB and AC are both tangent to the circle at points D and E respectively.

+!
(a) Show that the area of the quadrilateral ADOE is tan -.

[4]

R represents the shaded region shown in the following diagram.

D E in terms of 𝛼.
(b.i) Find DO

[2]

(b.ii) Hence or otherwise, find an expression for the area of R.

[3]
 (c) Find the value of 𝛼 for which the area of R is equal to the area of the circle of centre O and
radius 𝑟.

[4]

8.
D C = 113∘ .
The following diagram shows triangle ABC, with AC = 24, BC = 17, and AB

D C.
(a) Find BA

[3]

(b) Find AB.

[3]

9.

Consider a quadrilateral ABCD such that AB = 2, BC = 4, CD = 6 and DA = 8, as shown in the

D C and 𝛽 = AD
following diagram. Let 𝛼 = AB D C.

(a.i) Find AC in terms of 𝛼.

[2]
 (a.ii) Find AC in terms of 𝛽.

[1]

(a.iii) Hence or otherwise, find an expression for 𝛼 in terms of 𝛽.

[1]

(b) Find the maximum area of the quadrilateral ABCD.

[4]

10.
. .
Consider the vectors 𝐮 = 𝐢 + 𝐣 and 𝐯 = Rcos /S 𝐢 + Rsin /S 𝐣, where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ0 .

Let 𝜃 be the angle between 𝐮 and 𝐯.

(a) Find an expression for cos 𝜃 in terms of 𝑛.

[3]

(b) Find the exact value of the limit approached by 𝜃 as 𝑛 → ∞.

[3]

11.

A farmer is placing posts at points A, B, and C in the ground to mark the boundaries of
a triangular piece of land on his property.

From point A, he walks due west 230 metres to point B.

From point B, he walks 175 metres on a bearing of 063∘ to reach point C.

This is shown in the following diagram.

(a) Find the distance from point A to point C.

[4]

(b) Find the area of this piece of land.

[2]
 (c) Find CÂB.

[3]

The farmer wants to divide the piece of land into two sections. He will put a post at point
D, which is between A and C. He wants the boundary BD to divide the piece of land such
that the sections have equal area. This is shown in the following diagram.

(d) Find the distance from point B to point D.

[5]

12.

The following diagram shows a semicircle with centre O and radius 𝑟. Points P, Q and R lie on
D Q = 𝜃, where 0 < 𝜃 < 𝜋.
the circumference of the circle, such that PQ = 2𝑟 and RO

(a) Given that the areas of the two shaded regions are equal, show that 𝜃 = 2 sin 𝜃.

[5]

(b) Hence determine the value of 𝜃.

[1]
13.

The height of water, in metres, in Dungeness harbour is modelled by the function 𝐻(𝑡) =
𝑎 sina𝑏(𝑡 − 𝑐)b + 𝑑, where 𝑡 is the number of hours after midnight, and 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 are
constants, where 𝑎 > 0, 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑐 > 0.

The following graph shows the height of the water for 13 hours, starting at midnight.

The first high tide occurs at 04: 30 and the next high tide occurs 12 hours later. Throughout the
day, the height of the water fluctuates between 2.2 m and 6.8 m.

All heights are given correct to one decimal place.

"
(a) Show that 𝑏 = .
#

[1]

(b) Find the value of 𝑎.

[2]

(c) Find the value of 𝑑.

[2]

(d) Find the smallest possible value of 𝑐.

[3]

(e) Find the height of the water at 12: 00.

[2]

(f) Determine the number of hours, over a 24-hour period, for which the tide is higher than 5
metres.

[3]
14.

The height of water, in metres, in Dungeness harbour is modelled by the function 𝐻(𝑡) =
𝑎 sina𝑏(𝑡 − 𝑐)b + 𝑑, where 𝑡 is the number of hours after midnight, and 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 are
constants, where 𝑎 > 0, 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑐 > 0.

The following graph shows the height of the water for 13 hours, starting at midnight.

The first high tide occurs at 04: 30 and the next high tide occurs 12 hours later. Throughout the
day, the height of the water fluctuates between 2.2 m and 6.8 m.

All heights are given correct to one decimal place.

"
(a) Show that 𝑏 = # .

[1]

(b) Find the value of 𝑎.

[2]

(c) Find the value of 𝑑.

[2]

(d) Find the smallest possible value of 𝑐.

[3]

(e) Find the height of the water at 12: 00.

[2]

(f) Determine the number of hours, over a 24-hour period, for which the tide is higher than 5
metres.

[3]

(g) A fisherman notes that the water height at nearby Folkestone harbour follows the
same sinusoidal pattern as that of Dungeness harbour, with the exception that high tides
(and low tides) occur 50 minutes earlier than at Dungeness.
Find a suitable equation that may be used to model the tidal height of water at Folkestone
harbour.

[2]

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