Eng Chem Lab manual
EXPERIMENT-1
ESTIMATION OF FERROUS IRON BY DICHROMETRY
AIM: To estimate the amount of ferrous iron, present in the given solution using a standard
solution of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7).
APPARATUS: Pipettes, Burette, Conical Flask, Beakers, Weighing Bottle, Weighing Balance,
Measuring jar, wash bottle etc.
CHEMICALS: Pure K2Cr2O7Salt, Acid mixture (6N H2SO4+ 6N H3PO4), FeSO4 solution,
Barium diphenylamine sulphonate (BDS) indicator.
PRINCIPLE: Ferrous iron (Fe2+) is oxidized to ferric iron (Fe3+) by potassium dichromate in
acidic medium. The completion of oxidation reaction is indicated by the appearance of the bluish
violet color of Barium diphenylamine sulphonate (BDS), which is used as an internal indicator.
K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + 4H2O + 3(O)
6FeSO4 + 3H2SO4 + 3(O) 3Fe2 (SO4)3 + 3H2O
Overall reaction: Oxidation
(+6) (+2) (+3) (+3)
K2Cr2O7 + 7H2SO4 + 6FeSO4 K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + Fe2(SO4)3+ 7H2O
Reduction
(K2Cr2O7 = 3(O) = 6Fe+2)
Equivalent weight of iron is its atomic weight i.e. 55.85.
This is a redox reaction. K2Cr2O7 is acting as an oxidizing agent and Fe(II) is acting as reducing
agent. So one equivalent weight of Potassium dichromate oxidizes six equivalents of iron.
PROCEDURE: It consists of 2 parts
STEP-1: Preparation of standard Potassium dichromate solution:
Weigh accurately the given pure sample of potassium dichromate and transfer it into 100 ml
standard flask with a funnel. Dissolve it in small quantity of distilled water and make up the
solution up to the mark using distilled water. Shake well for uniform concentration. Calculate the
normality of potassium dichromate solution.
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Eng Chem Lab manual
STEP-2:: Estimation of Ferrous iron:
Pipette out 10 ml of the given ferrous sulphate solution into a 100 ml standard flask and make up
the solution
lution up to the mark with distilled water, and shake the flask for uniform concentration.
Pipette out 20 ml of this Fe(II) solution into a clean conical flask. Add 20 ml of the acid mixture
(6N H2SO4+6N H3PO4) and 3 - 4 drops of BDS indicator. Titrate the solution against standard
potassium dichromate solution taken in the burette till the color changes to bluish violet color
(end point) via green colour. Repeat the titrations for at least two concurrent titre values.
CALCULATIONS AND TABLES
PART-1:: Preparation of standard Potassium dichromate solution:
Weight of the weighing bottle + the salt taken (W1) = ------ gm
Weight of the empty weighing bottle (W2) = ------- gm
Weight of the Potassium dichromate (W1 – W2) = ------- gm
Gram equivalent wt of K2Cr2O7 = 49
Vol of solution =100 ml
ଵିଶ ଵ
Normality of Potassium dichromate solution (N1) = ସଽ
x ଵ
= --------------- N
PART-2:: Estimation of Ferrous iron:
S.No. Volume of iron Sol. Burette readings Volume of K2Cr2O7
pipette out (ml) Initial Final Solution required (ml)
1
2
3
K2Cr2O7 FeSO4
Normality of K2Cr2O7solution (N1) = ------ N; Normality of Iron Solution (N2)=------ ?
Volume of K2Cr2O7 solution (V1)= ------ ml; Volume of Iron solution (V2) =------ ml
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Eng Chem Lab manual
Normality of Iron Solution (N2) = N1V1
V2
= --------
= ………….. N
Amount of Ferrous ion present in the given solution = N2 x Eq. wt of Fe2+
= N2 x 55.85 gm/L
= N2 x 55.85 gms/100 ml
10
= ----------- gms/100 ml
RESULT:
1) Normality of Ferrous ion solution (N2) = -----------------N
2) Amount of Ferrous Ion present in the given solution= --------- gms./100ml
Viva – Questions
1. Define Molarity and Normality. Give the relationship between them.
2. Define standard solution. What is the standard solution used in this experiment.
3. Define Oxidation ad Reduction? List out the oxidizing & reducing agents in Dichrometry.
4. Name the indicator used in the titration and write its chemical structure.
5. How do you estimate Fe+2 volumetrically?
6. What are the molecular and equivalent weights of Iron & K2Cr2O7?
7. Write the chemical reaction of this experiment.
8. What is the purpose of adding sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to the Fe+2 solution before
titration?
9. Why the color of the contents of conical flask is green color before the end point?
10. How do you detect the end point in this experiment?
