United States Patent 1 Hawkins tu) 4,115,621 (45) Sep. 19, 1978 154] [76] pu) 2a) (62] (1) [52] [58] [56] 4969,160 1/1978 Hawkins TEXTURING FINISH FOR SYNTHETIC FILAMENTS Inventor: Roland L, Hawkins, 2220 Hickory Dr, Spartanburg, S.C. 29302 Appl. No 880,540 Filed: Nov, 11, 1977 Related U.S. Application Data Division of Ser. No. $42,683, Jan. 20, 1975, Pat. No. 4,069,160. Int, 2 BOSD 3/02; B32B 27/03 US. C. . 428/395 Field of Search References Cited U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS ow» 25/89 Primary Examiner—James C. Cannon “Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Wellington M. Manning, J Luke J. Wilburn, Jr. p71 ABSTRACT ‘An improved, low fuming, thermally stable, texturing finish for a synthetic filamentary material is disclosed ‘comprising 40 to 75 percent of a lubricant, exemplified by pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate; 20 to 50 percent of ‘an emulsifier, exemplified by condensates of castor oil with from about 2 to about 12 moles of ethylene oxide; 2 to 20 percent of an antistat-auxiliary emulsifier, such as a neutralized phosphate ester of an alcohol; and op- tionally 0 to 2 percent of a thermal stabilizer, exempli- fied by a condensate of 3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol with crotonaldehyde. An oil in water emulsion is pro- duced having an oil content of from about 5 to 20 ‘weight percent. 4 Claims, No Drawings4,115,621 1 TEXTURING FINISH FOR SYNTHETIC FILAMENTS This isa division, of application Ser. No. 542,683 filed Jan. 20, 1975, now US. Pat. No. 4,069,160. 3 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION ‘Thermoplastic synthetic filamentary yarns are often designed for texturizing or other further processing to afford certan characteristics thereto. In a texturing op- eration, the filaments are subjected to heat, while being twisted by a false twist spindle, a friction disc or some other device, or while bent or distorted from linear form, to reorient the molecular structure of the fila- ments. A memory of a particular characteristic is re- tained, dependent upon the type processing steps uti- lized. Thereafter, additional heat is optional to further set or modify the reoriented structure. Stretch yarns and several kinds of set bulked yarns are produced ‘commercially in this general fashion. ‘Under normal circumstances, the filamentary yarns are textured as bundles of filaments where the individ- ual filaments unless properly pretreated, may abrade against adjacent filaments and/or portions of the pro- cessing equipment to the ultimate detriment of the yarn. Filaments having a particular finish thereon should thus preferably possess suitable frictional characteristics to avoid damage to the yarn while being texturized. Like- wise, other very desirable finish characteristics are needed to achieve a good texturizing operation. Finish ‘compositions have heretofore been developed toward this end. ‘Various and sundry finishes have heretofore been developed for application onto synthetic filaments at or subsequent to extrusion of the filaments. The particular finishes being applied have generally been accepted in their times as suitable for affording good lubrication and static qualities to the filament yarns to ensure proper processing during texturing, without allowing excessive damage to the yarn and/or causing excessive buildup of 40 finish on the processing equipment. Prior art texturing finishes, also referred to as spin finishes, have been suc- cessful to a degree in protecting the filament yarn and affording stable operability. ‘As the art has progressed, however, equipment speeds and production rates have drastically increased ddue to larger demands for the yarn and, in part, due to the large capital investment required for additional ‘equipment. Such increases in processing speeds have resulted in a need for higher yarn treatment tempera- tures at shorter exposure times. Other conditions have likewise changed such that in many cases, thermal and- Zor physical deterioration of the yarn finishes has re- sulted. Prior art finishes have generally volatlized to some considerable extent at the high processing temper- atures. AS the finish volatilize, it is said to “fume”, or produce a noticeable smoke, vapor or the like. Yarn characteristics afforded by the finish such as lubricity, antistatic qualities, and the like are, of course, altered by vaporization of an appreciable portion of the finish from the yarn. Fumes from textile finishes cause multifaceted prob- lems. The atmosphere is polluted by the fumes and must be purged, using expensive air handling systems. Con- densation of the fumes on equipment and building sur- faces creates housekeeping problems and quite possibly interferes with operation of the equipment. Contact between the yan with the spin finish thereon and pro- 38 45 50 6 2 cessing equipment causes some of the finish to rub off onto the equipment, which in time causes a finish buildup on the heated surfaces of equipment. Poor ther- mal stability of the finish on the equipment will cause the finish to degrade and leave a char residue on the equipment. A high fuming finish and one which pyro- lyzes on the equipment to produce the char deposits leads to less than desirable yarn characteristics, e. broken filaments and processing conditions. ‘Attempts to overcome the above noted disadvantages have encountered further difficulty. Such attempts have generally not resulted in finishes that possess both a low degree of fuming and good thermal stability. At the same time, certain chemical compositions attack poly- urethane aprons used on the texturing equipment caus- ing the aprons to swell beyond the point of suitability for use. This feature must therefore be considered along with the low fuming and thermal stability characteris- tics. The present invention provides a textile finish that ‘overcomes all the problems mentioned above. A low fuming propensity is realized along with good thermal stability against degradation. Good friction and static properties are imparted to the filaments which remain throughout processing, No significant effects have been noticed when the present finish is brought into contact with polyurethane machine components. All of these features point to significant improvement in the art. ‘The known prior art does not teach or suggest the present finish for synthetic filament yarn. Exemplary of the known prior art are U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,170,876 to Olney; 3,341,343 to Beiswanger et al; 3,341,451 to Dzi- tuba etal; 3,470,095 to Potelandolfo; 3,493,425 to Camp- ‘bell; 3,503,880 to McMicken; 3,505,220 to Blake et 3,519,562 to Lanner; 3,522,175 to Katsumi et 3,541,138 to Emmons et al; 3,544,462 to Finch et al; 3,560,382 to Finch; 3,563,892 to Cooley; 3,644,143 to Flett; 3,652,419 to Karg; 3,681,244 to Obetz et al; 3,682,694 to Kato et al; 3,687,721 to Dardoufas; and 3,703,588 to Saito et al SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved textile finish for a thermoplastic filament yarn, ‘Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved finish for application onto a thermoplastic filament yarn to provide improved texturing capabilites thereto, while protecting the processing equipment. ‘Yet another object of the present invention is to pro- vide an improved low fuming, thermally stable spin finish for a polyester filament yarn. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved polyethylene terephthalate multi- filament yarn having a thermally stable, low fuming finish thereon, Generally speaking, the present invention relates to a spin finish composition comprising from about 40 to about 75 weight percent ofa lubricant; from about 20 to about 50 weight percent of an emulsifier; from about 2 to about 20 weight percent of an antistat-emulsifier; and from about 0 to about 2 weight percent of a stabilizer, all of the ingredients of said composition having good thermal stability, a low fuming propensity and being capable of forming a stable emulsion. More specifically, according to the present invention it is generally suitable to employ commonly known lubricants for finish compositions so long as the particu- lar lubricant is compatible with other finish ingredients,4,115,621 3 ‘and has good thermal stability and low volatility. Also, ‘the lubricant, like the finish composition, should experi ence not more than a 25 weight percent loss when sub- jected to a temperature of 210° C. for a period of 24 hours. Exemplary of suitable lubricants are naturally ‘occurring materials such as coconut oil, tall oil, sperm oil and the like and synthetic compounds such as glyc- rol trioleate and pentaerythritol esters of organic acids having from 4 to 14 carbon atoms such as pentaerythri- tol tetrapelargonate. The acid chain may also be pro- vided by mixtures of acids in the prescribed range such as equal parts of decanoic and octanoic acids. Penta- crythritol tetrapelargonate is a preferred lubricant con- stituent for the finish of the present invention. Primary emulsifiers suitable as ingredients for a finish composition according to the present invention include adducts of castor oil and/or hydrogenated castor oil and from about 2 to about 12 moles of ethylene oxide. ‘This particular class of primary emulsifiers has been found very suitable in providing stable emulsions with the preferred pentaerythritol ester lubricants, ¢.g,, pen taerythritol tetrapelargonate. The antistat-auxiliary emulsifier is preferably a member selected from the ‘group consisting of an adduct of an alcohol and ethyl- ene oxide which has been phosphated and then neutral- ized with potassium hydroxide, such as a mixture of dodecyl and pentadecyl alcohol phosphates, containing certain amounts of ethylene oxide; and alkyl sulphates. ‘Thermal stabilizers, while not mandatory may be em- ployed in the recited range. Suitable stabilizers include, but are not limited to 4,4’-bis(dimethylbenzyl) diphenyl- amine and a 3:1 condensate of 3-methyl-6-tert-butyl- phenol with crotonaldehyde. Finishes produced from compositions as defined ac- cording to the present invention are suitable for applica- tion onto textile materials to be textured or otherwise processed where good lubricity, low static, good ther- ‘mal stability, and low fuming are required. Such fila- mentary materials include, but are not limited to fila- ments, yarns, tows and the like of synthetic polymeric, fiber-forming materials such as polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, polyacrylonitriles and the like with the polyester filaments being preferred. The present finish ‘may also be applied to stable fiber materials. By way of preparation of the finish composition, there is no partic- ular order or process conditions that are required for bringing together the named constituents other than the normal procedures for the formation of stable emul- sions. Moreover, the emulsions formed hereunder are oil in water emulsions in which from 5 to 20 weight percent oil phase is present. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Practice of the present invention involves the prepa- zation of a finish composition for application onto syn- thetic polymeric, thermoplastic filamentary materials to render the materials suitable for further processing, particularly texturing operations. Generally, the finish composition of the present invention affords good lubri- cation and antistatic properties to the filaments without adversely affecting any of the other filament character- istics. Fuming, or volatilization of the finish is avoided while thermal stability against degradation avoids the char deposits that result from pyrolysis of finish on the processing equipment when using the prior art finishes. In other words, the instant finish if rubbed off the fila- ‘ments onto the processing equipment remains thermally 0 2» 25 30 0 30 35 © 6 4 stable, whereby the deposits on the texturing euipment do not char. Normally, no appreciable deposits result on ‘the equipment when the present finish is employed. Filaments that may suitably receive the finish compo- sition of the present invention, as mentioned above, include, but are not limited to polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, polyacrylonitrles and the like. Moreover, the polymers may be copolymers, terpolymers or the like and may include blends of natural materials along with synthetic materials. Continuous filament textile yarns that may be monofilament or multifilament are, of course, the general recipients for the finish. Preferably the finish is applied to the filaments at the operation where the polymer is extruded into filament form. ‘A preferred filamentary material for receipt of the finish of the present invention is a continuous filament polyester yarn. Polyesters referred to are those fiber- forming polyesters which are generally derived by re- acting a dicarboxylic acid or ester-forming derivative thereof with a glycol to form the bis-glycol esters of the acid. Thereafter, the ester is condensed at elevated tem peratures and reduced pressure to eliminate glycol and produce the polymer of the glycol ester ofthe dicarbox- ylic acid. Suitable glycols include, but are not limited to ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, butylene glycol, decamethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and the like including mixtures thereof, The dicarboxylic acid em- ployed is generally terephthalic, though up to approxi- mately 25 percent of the terephthalic acid may be re- placed with one or more dicarboxylic forming derivatives thereof, exemplified by adipic acid, sebacic acid, isophthalic acid, dimethyl sebacate, so- dium 3,5-dicarbomethoxy-benzene sulfonate, and the like. ‘The aqueous emulsion according to the present in- vention as mentioned above, contains water, a lubricant, an emulsifier, an antistat-auxiliary emulsifier, and op- tionally, a stabilizer. In certain situations it may further ‘be desirable to include in the finish composition minor amounts of tints, defoamers, buffering agents, emulsifier assistants, and the like. These extra ingredients are ac- ceptable in minor amounts so long as the primary effects of the finish are not impaired. Lubricants suitable for use in producing the present finish composition are limited only in being compatible with the other ingredients to form a stable emulsion; and as having a low fuming propensity, low swelling effect on polyurethane and being thermally. stable against degradation. Generally speaking, suitable lubri- cants can be selected by subjecting same to fuming and deposit tests. Fuming is determined visually from a one {gram sample that is heated in an aluminum pan on @ hot plate ata surface temperature of 210° C. for 15 minutes. After four hours on the hot plate under the above condi- tions, each sample is further visually noted for color and deposit formation and is weighed to determine weight loss. Acceptable low fuming lubricants experience a ‘weight loss in the area of not more than approximately 25 weight percent after 24 hours at 210° C. Simulta- neously, there should be no evidence of appreciable char formation. Suitable lubricants include refined co- conut oil, glycerol trioleate, as well as high molecular ‘weight fatty acid esters in general. A preferred lubri- cant is a pentaerythritol ester and most preferably pen- twerythritol tetrapelargonate which loses no more than about 10-11 percent weight after 24 hours at a tempera- ture of 210° C.4,115,621 5 Emulsifiers according to the present invention should possess a capability of emulsifying the particular lubri- ant being employed while also having # low fuming propensity and being thermally stable against degrada- tion which produces char formations on heated surfaces, of the processing equipment. A group of emulsifiers that have proved quite satisfactory for inclusion in the pres- ent finish composition are adducts of castor oil and/or hydrogenated castor oil and from 2 to 12 moles of ethyl- ‘ene oxide. Similarly, to the lubricants discussed above, a primary qualification of the emulsifier is the combina- tion of affording a stable emulsion characterized by low fuming and thermal stability against degradation. Pref- erably, the emusifier does not chemically attack any portion of the process equipment. Prior art finishes have heretofore been prepared pri- marily from lubricants and emulsifiers and antistats and have incidentally included minor amounts of various ancillary ingredients. One of the keys to success of the subject invention is the inclusion of a certain antistat- auxiliary emulsifier. This particular antistat-emulsifier affords good static qualities to the yarn, adds to the emulsion stability of the finish and meets the further requisite characteristics of low volatility and thermal stability. Suitable antistat-auxiliary emulsifiers accord- ing to the present invention are selected from a group consisting of neutralized, phosphated adducts of alco- hols and various amounts of ethylene oxide, and alkyl sulfate esters. Most preferably, the alcohol chain length has from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and from 4 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide. Further, the phosphated adducts are preferred over the sulfates. In preparation of the aqueous emulsions of the pres- ent invention, no particular mixing or formulating pro- cedures are involved other than the normal preparation of an oil in water emulsion with an oil phase content in the range of from about 5 to about 20 weight percent. ‘Thereafter, the composition while being maintained as ‘an emulsion is applied to the filamentary material at the 1s » 2s 0 35 6 namely, low fuming, thermal stability against degrada- tion, inertness to polyurethane, and static, emulsion and lubrication qualities. Acceptability of the abovemen- tioned qualities also generally precludes the emergence of other related detrimental effects to the yarn during processing. For example, loss of proper lubrication due to fuming may adversely affect the strength character tics of the individual filaments, due to extreme process- ing thereof. Condensation of finish fumes on processing equipment can lead to off-standard operating conditions such as low or varied spindle speeds. Also accumul tions of finish that are not thermally stable on the pro- ‘cessing equipment will lead to deposits of char forma- tion which leads to improper processing and/or fre- quent machine cleanings. Polyurethane belts, aprons, oF the like may be attacked by certain finish compositions and become partially or wholly eroded away or become swollen to produce broken and frayed filament ends as well as other processing problems. The following examples set forth the investg procedures for the present invention as well as a com- parative analysis for at least certain of the prior art finishes. EXAMPLES 1-18 Preliminary fuming and thermal stability tests were conducted as described above, and repeated below for ‘convenience. These tests served as screens for prospec: tive ingredients for inclusion in the subject finish com- position. A 1 gram sample of the prospective ingredient as listed in Table I was weighed into an aluminum pan. Several samples in aluminum pans were placed on a hot plate whose surface temperature was 210° C. After 15 utes each sample was visually rated for fuming. ‘After each four hours, each sample was further visually tated for color and deposit formation, and each was then reweighed to determine the degree of weight loss ‘while subjected to the hot plate temperature. Reported data for weight loss and visual appearance are after 24 point of extrusion or subsequent thereto to render the 40 hours. TABLE I FUMING AND DEPOSIT DATA __FOREMULSION INOREI WATTS mua mmunce SHRVLAGh SANA T A fatty weld sarcoine 102 ‘solid ‘brows 3 AGS GEROE GO and caro 43 ‘hour brown {Meg i Be. {ioe 8 SHE 3 ERSTE. te Reese 22 pepe thon ¢ Beene Ro ama eer 2 eer be # SP rae ee i reece fe B Rebtel scot ol a ih ae 1 Die ta Be eg von Hg brow Bee aa 2 2Sae 4 Sees a 2k Woe BEC oeiatet sn ae eee gees Sele ag ar h Sessigase filamentary material more suitable for texturing or fur- ther processing, In determining the suitability of overall finish compo- sitions, careful consideration was given each individual ingredient, as well as the compositions produced there- from. A battery of screening evaluations was made for each prospective ingredient to determine the potential acceptability of certain physical characteristics of same, 6 All samples tested and reported in Table I were ini- tially liquid, and with the exception of Example 6 (the oleylimidazolene ethyl sulfate), which was dark, all the samples were initially clear and light in color. Visual ratings considered both viscosity and color which indi- cate effects, if any, due to degradation from exposure to4,115,621 7 heat. A sample that remained less viscous with less color was much more stable to heat than one which became very viscous and/or exhibited a brown color. The adduct of POE, 36 and castor oil of Example 2, an adduct of castor oil and.36 moles of ethylene oxide, shows a weight loss of only 4.3 percent, thus indicating extremely low fuming. A viscous, brown appearance after heating for 24 hours, however, illustrates possible formation of some deposits, resulting from degradation of the product under heat, though not as severely as others tested. Conversely, Example 3 directed to a mod- ified silicone indicated a 66.9 percent weight loss after heating. Greater than half of the sample volatilized, indicating high fuming. Reference can further be made to the remaining Examples which illustrate compounds having various degrees of fuming, and thermal stability. Pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate of Example 11, a pre- ferred lubricant hereunder evidenced an 11.7 percent ‘weight loss and was observed after the 24 hours heating to be only slightly viscous, while remaining clear, indi- cating both low fuming and good thermal stability Having ascertained the predictability of fuming and deposit characteristics of certain individual ingredients, ‘compositions containing same were then investigated ‘and compared to present commercial finishes. Proce- dures and results are reported in Examples 19 through 26 below. EXAMPLES 19-21 Finish compositions were prepared with the ingredi- ents and percentages listed below. In each Example, the emulsions were prepared utilizing approximately 87 percent water to provide an oil phase of approximately 13 percent. Each of the compositions was evaluated in the same fashion as the individual ingredients of Exam- ples 1 through 18. Additionally, each composition was tested for swelling effects on polyurethane as follows. Polyurethane apron sections 4 to 5 centimeters in length were weighed and then the volume of same was 8 Jow fuming characteristic; showed little swelling effect ‘on polyurethane as exemplified by a volume change of Jess than 12 percent; and exhibited good thermal stabil- ity as shown by an absence of char deposit formation. 5 Comparative prior art finishes were investigated and are reported hereinafter. EXAMPLES 22-26 Prior art finish compositions were tested and com- pared to finish compositions of the present invention. Compositions evaluated included the following ingredi- ents in emulsion form. Example 22 4,5 parts isocetyl stearate 220 parts sodium di(2-ethythexyl) sulfosuccinate 220 parts adduct three moles of ethylene oxide and stearyl alcohol 11.1 parts microcrystaline wax » Example 23 65.0 parts coconut 15.0 parts glycerol trioleate (sodium salt) 10.0 parts condensate of 6 moles of ethylene oxide with nonyl phenol 10.0 parts mixture of monoglycerol oleate and diglyc- rol oleate 110 parts oleic acid 20.5 parts sulfated peanut oil 1.8 parts diethylene glycol 1.8 parts potassium hydroxide 62.6 parts butyl stearate 822 parts oleic acid 3.4 parts triethanolamine 1.7 parts o-phenylphenol Example 25 2s ‘measured. The sections were then submerged in the test 40 1 part sodium (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate Compontionforsevendaysstatenperaurcof70"C- | pat adduct three moles of ehyene oxide and tx 1° C. After removal from the test composition, the yl alcohol toron amples warned trim acsone rms 2 pars butyl eae surface oil and then dried between two paper towels. The dimensions of the axmples were rechecked and 4 Example 26 percentage volume changes sted 2 pars sooty erate ‘tae presented in abe I {part sdto Csthyexy aferncinate TABLE I ‘VISUAL APPEARANCE POLYURETHANE wuour “ak Sinoueae ore wexaneue No conrosrios wees APH INCRE ar Rae eR i cna a 8 iB ars aac f FOE Gane fs felt eu od Sones 2 g Shaman: 17 srr bo 6 parts edduct of POE (5) and castor oll parts adduct of POE (3) and e 11S Exrbon alcohol, phosphated and. ‘seated wit KO! Darts glycerol oleate parts sdduct of POE (5) and castor oil Darts adduct of POE (3) and 8 12-15 Extbom alcohol, phosphated and pentralzed wate a ‘The compositions tested in Examples 19 through 21 demonstrate the effectiveness of compositions produced from ingredients from Table I that fall within the defini tion of the present invention. Note that all three of these compositions evidenced low weight loss indicating a 4 scous - ight brown 59 65 1 part adduct five moles of ethylene oxide and nony! phenol Each of the above compositions was tested similarly to the composition of Examples 19 through 21, using4,115,621 9 the same test procedures. Results are tabulated in Table III, where the results of compositions according to the present invention (Examples 19 through 21) are repro- duced for comparison purposes. ——COMPOSTTONS WITH ANTISTAT- EMULSIFIER MNAND/OR THERMAL STABILIZER ‘weight Vial Appsarance Example Loss % Aer Hours 148 dah viscous - ie char 3135 SBR vicous = ue char fo 150 Sight viscous ie ehar 5 TABLE EVALUATION OF PRIOR ART FINISH COMPOSITIONS Polyureshane Weight Los, Visual Apprsnce Volume Example After 24 Hours After 24 Tours ores 8 142 vious -lght brown oy » 117 viscous ight brown 36 a 74 viscous light brown 59 2 167 ack ebar 30 B B13 black char as Fs HS black char Sos 3s 27 black char 3 a 153 38 hack ebar From Table IIL, it can be seen that while the prior art finishes did not appreciably attack the polyurethane 29 apron as evidenced by a volume change of less than 12 percent, the extremely high weight loss indicated a high degree of fuming. Moreover, the black char indicates a degradation of the finish, and therefore poor thermal stability. 25 EXAMPLES 27-30 Further finish compositions according to the present invention were investigated according to thé fuming, thermal stability, and polyurethane swelling tests as 30 previously described. The compositions are listed below and results are tabulated in Table TV. Example 27 60 parts pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate 30 parts adduct of five moles of ethylene oxide and hydrogenated castor oil 10 parts sodium alkyl sulfate Example 28 60 parts pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate 30 parts adduct of five moles of ethylene oxide and hydrogenated caster oil 10 parts sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Example 29 60 parts pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate 30 parts adduct of five moles of ethylene oxide and. Ihydrogenated castor oil 10 parts ammonium lauryl sulfate Example 30 60 parts pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate 30 parts adduct of eight moles of ethylene oxide and 55 hydrogenated castor oil 10 parts adduct of five moles of ethylene oxide and @ mixture of CiCyg alcohols, phosphated and neu- tralized with potassium hydroxide 1 part condensate adduct of three moles of 3-methyl- 60 6-tert-butylphenol with crotonaldehyde TABLE IV “COMPOSITONS WITH ANTISTAT-EMULSIFIER "AND/OR THERMAL STABILIZER 38 4s 50 Polyurethane 6 Weight Visual Appearance Volume Example Loss % After ours Increase, 3143 slghtwscous- ile char 32 The data in Table IV thus shows that the sulfate type antistat-auxiliary emulsifier are suitable according to the present invention. Likewise, the thermal stabilizer is effective. EXAMPLE 31 ‘The formation of Example 30 was used in a trial for texturing 300,000 pounds of 150 denier, 32 filament polyester yarn on Scragg false twist texturing machines except that the emulsifier was a POE(S) adduct of hy- drogenated castor oil instead of POE). Finish was applied to the yarn at an add-on of 0.55 weight percent. ‘The trial lasted for a period of eight weeks. Similar yarn trials were also conducted for 5 week periods on ARCT and Leesona false twist texturing equipment. The tex- tured yarn produced was within acceptabie quality limits, No appreciable finish fuming was noted during the trials. Further, investigation of the equipment dur- ing and after the trials showed no appreciable finish deposits on the heater plates, no noticeable swelling of the polyurethane aprons or cots, and no slow spindles. EXAMPLE 32 A further composition was evaluated on a one thou- sand pound lot of 150 denier, 32 filament polyester yarn ‘onan ARCT false twist machine. The present composi- tion differed from that of Example 31 only in that the lubricant, 60 percent pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate, was replaced with 60 percent of a pentaerythritol ester of a 50:50 mixture of decanoic and octanoic acids. ‘Again, good processing results were found as in Exam- ple 31 Having described the present invention in detail, i is obvious that one skilled in the art will be able to make variations and modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be determined only by the claims appended thereto, ‘What is claimed is: 1. A polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn having. as 4 finish thereon a composition comprising 40 to 75 weight percent of a high molecular weight fatty acid ester lubricant characterized by a weight loss of not more than 25 weight percent when subjected to a tem- perature of 210" C. for 24 hours; 20 to 50 weight percent of an emulsifier for said lubricant, said emulsifier having, a low fuming propensity and being stable against ther- mal degradation; 2 to 20 weight percent of a neutralized phosphated adduct of an alcohol having a chain length Of about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and 4 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide 2. A polyethylene terephihalate filament yarn as de- fined in claim 1 wherein said lubricant is pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate. 3. A polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn as de- fined in claim 2 wherein the emulsifier is an adduct of castor oil and 2 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide. ‘4. A polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn as de- fined in claim 3 wherein the phosphated adduct contains an alcohol chain length of 12 to 15 carbon atoms and 5 moles of ethylene oxide and is neutralized with potas- sium hydroxide.UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OF FICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. 4,115,621 DATED : September 19,1978 INVENTOR(S) Roland L. Hawkins It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below: At page 1, add as item 73 Assignee: Hoechst Fibers Industries, a division of American Hoechst Corporation, Spartanburg, South Carolina, a Delaware Corporation Signed and Sealed this Tear Day of Aprit 1979 [SEAL] Attest: RUTH C. MASON DONALD W. BANNER Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks