Scribd
Upload
61 views10 pages

IX PHY Motion Notes

Uploaded by

Faraz khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
61 views10 pages

IX PHY Motion Notes

Uploaded by

Faraz khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

EVERGREEN PUBLIC SCHOOL

Subject- Science
Class-IX
Chapter – Motion
Notes

General Instruction:
 Make a new register for Physics
 Write these notes in good handwriting.
 After each topic leave one line.
 Maintain the index with proper dates and name of the topics.
***************************************************************************

Physical state

Rest Motion

A body is said to be in a state of rest A body is said to be in state of motion


when its position does not change with when its position changes continously
respect to the reference point. with refernce to a point.

Uniform motion Non Uniform motion


When the body covers equal distance in When the body covers unequal distance
equal interval of time. in equal interval of time.
For e.g. Earth revolution around Sun. For e.g. A car moving on a busy road.

 Linear motion: Motion of a body in a straight path. e.g. A car moving on a


straight path.
 Circulatory motion: Motion of a body in a curved path. e.g. A car taking a U-
turn.
Physical
Quantities

Scalar Quantites Vector Quantities


It is the physical quantity It is the physical quantity that
which have only manitude ( requires both magnitude and
number ) and no direction . direction for its description .
e.g Distance, Speed e.g Displacement, Velocity

Distance Displacement
1. Length of the actual path 1. Shortest length between initial
travelled by an object. point and far point of an object.
2. It is scalar quantity. 2. It is a vector quantity.
3. It remains positive and can’t be 0 3. It can be positive, negative or 0.
or negative. 4. Displacement can be equal or
4. Distance can be equal to lesser than distance but can
displacement (in linear path). never be greater than distance.
Speed (s):

 The distance travelled by an object in unit time is referred to as speed.


 Its SI unit is metre/ second (m/s).
 It is a scalar quantity.
 Average speed: For non-uniform motion, the average speed of an object is
obtained by dividing the total distance travelled by an object by the total
time taken.

Velocity (v):
 Speed of an object in a particular direction is named as velocity, i.e., it is the
displacement of body in unit time.
 It is a vector quantity.
 Average velocity: It is given by the arithmetic mean of initial velocity and
final velocity for a given period of time.

Acceleration (a):
 The rate of change of velocity is termed as acceleration.
 It is represented as:

 Its SI unit is metre/seccond 2 (m/s2).


 It is a vector quantity.
 The acceleration is taken to be positive if it is in the direction of velocity and
negative when it is opposite to the direction of velocity.
 Negative acceleration is also named as retardation or deacceleration.
 An object moving on a circular path though with uniform speed, is always
said to be accelerated as it changes its direction every moment.
 Uniform acceleration: When velocity of body changes by equal amounts in
equal time intervals, acceleration is said to be uniform. For example: Motion
of a freely falling ball.
 Non - uniform acceleration: When velocity of body changes by unequal
amounts in equal intervals if time, acceleration is said to be non - uniform.
For example: Motion of car.
Graphical Representation of Motion
1. Distance -Time Graph for Uniform Speed:
Distance -Time graph for uniform speed, is a straight line as shown below:

2. Distance -Time Graph for Non-Uniform Speed:


Distance -Time graph for uniform speed, is obtained in the form of a curve
as shown below:

3. Distance -Time Graph for a Body at Rest:


Distance -Time graph for a body at rest is a straight line parallel to the time
axis (x-axis):
Velocity-Time Graph
1. Velocity-Time Graph for Uniform Acceleration:
Velocity-Time graph for uniform acceleration, is a straight line as shown
below:

2. Velocity-Time Graph for Non-Uniform Acceleration:


Velocity-Time graph for non-uniform acceleration, is obtained as a zig-zag
line as shown below:
Equations of motion :

[Note: All independent quantities are taken along the x-axis and dependent
quantities are taken along y-axis.]

i)First equation of motion:

Let us assume,

s = distance travelled by the object

t = in time t

a = with uniform acceleration

OA = CD = u

OE = CB = v

OC = AD = t

BD = BC – DC (Change in velocity)

AD is parallel to OC.

∴ BC = BD + DC = BD + OA

∴ BC = v and OA = u

We get v = BD + u

∴ BD = v – u ...(1)
In velocity-time graph, slope gives acceleration.

Substituting (2) in (1) we get

BD = v – u

at = v – u

∴ v = u + at

(ii) Equation for position-time relation:

Let us assume,

s = distance travelled by the object

t = in time t

a = with uniform acceleration.

∴ Distance travelled by the object is given by area enclosed with OABC in the
graph.

∴ s = OABC

= (area of rectangle OADC) + (area of DABD)


Substituting

OA = u, OC = AD = t and BD = at

We get

(iii) Equation for position-velocity relation:

s = distance travelled by the object

t = in time t

a = moving with uniform acceleration

s = area enclosed by trapezium OABC

Substitute value of ‘t’ in (1)


•Uniform circular motion is the motion in which an object moves on a circular
path with constant speed. For example: watch, moon revolve around earth etc.
Non uniform circular motion is the motion in which an object is moves on circular
path with varying speed.
When an object is in circular motion, direction of its velocity keeps on changing.

Speed in the case of circular motion:


Suppose a body is moving in a circular path of radius r.
Speed (v) = distance / time
= circumstance of circle / time
= 2Πr / t

You might also like