Lecture 18:Axisymmetric Modeling
AML706 Finite Element Methods
Axisymmetric PE Model
• Let us consider the following triangular axisymmetric element
(C&B Fig6.5)
Axisymmetric PE Model
• We can write the axisymmetric PE model as
⎡ ⎛ ⎞ ⎤
π = ∑⎢ 12 ⎜ 2π ∫ ε DεrdA ⎟ − 2π ∫ u f rdA − 2π ∫ u Trdl ⎥ − ∑ uiT Pi
T T T
e ⎣ ⎝ e ⎠ A L ⎦ i
• The element strain energy given by the first term is wriMen as
⎛ T T
⎞
Ue = q ⎜ 2π
1
2
⎝
∫ B DBrdA ⎟⎠ q
e
• From the above expression we can write the element sOffness
matrix as
ke = 2π ∫ BT DBrdA
e
Strain Displacement RelaOon
• The strain-displacement relaOon is ε = Bq
• Where B is the element strain-displacement matrix given as
⎡ z z z ⎤
23
⎢ det J 0 31 0 12 0 ⎥
det J det J
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 r32 0 r13 0 r21 ⎥
B =⎢ det J det J det J ⎥
⎢ r32 z23 r13 z31 r21 z12 ⎥
⎢ det J det J det J det J det J det J ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 1 N / r 0 N 2 / r 0 N 3 / r 0 ⎦
Axisymmetric Problems- SOffness Matrix
• We noOce that the element sOffness matrix contains B and r
and also B contains terms like Ni/r
ke = 2π ∫ BT DBrdA
e
• We calculate B and r at the centroid of the triangle and use
these values as representaOve values for the triangle
• At the centroid of the triangle we have : N1=N2=N3=1/3 and
r1 + r2 + r3
r=
3
• Taking the value of B matrix at the centroid of the element we
have
ke = 2π rB T DB ∫ dA = 2π rAe B T DB
• Here e
Ae = 12 det J
Axisymmetric Problems – Force Terms
• Using the same centroidal (mid-point) rule we can determine
the body force and tracOon terms also.
• The body force term is 2π ∫ uT f rdA = 2π ∫ (ufr + ufz )rdA
e e
= 2π ∫ [(N1q1 + N 2 q3 + N 3q5 ) fr + (N1q2 + N 2 q4 + N 3q6 ) fz )rdA
e
• Now approximaOng the values at the centroid we obtain
2π ∫ uT f rdA = qT f e
e
• Where at centroid
2π rdA
fe = [ fr , f z , fr , f z , fr , f z ]
3
Example of RotaOng Flywheel
• Consider an example for illustraOng the body force in
axisymmetric problem
• Let us take the rotaOng flywheel (staOonary) and its axis along
z. Now the centrifugal force acOng along the radial direcOon
per unit volume is ρrω2 where ρ is the mass per unit volume
(mass density) ω is the angular velocity in rad/s. If gravity is
considered along negaOve z-axis then the body force is
• And f = [ fr, fz]T = [ ρ rω 2 , −ρ g]
fr = ρ r ω 2 ; fz = − ρ g
Axisymmetric Problem – Surface TracOon
• The tracOon term is 2π ∫ uT T rdl = qT T e
• Here q=[q1,q2,q3,q4]T e
• And Te=[aTr,aTz, bTr,bTz]
r = N1r1 + N 2 r2
l1−2 = (r2 − r1 )2 + (z2 − z1 )2
2r1 + r2 r1 + 2r2
a= ; b=
6 6
Example Problem – Surface TracOon
• The tracOon term is 2π ∫ uT T rdl = qT T e
• Here q=[q1,q2,q3,q4]T e
• And Te=[aTr,aTz, bTr,bTz]
r = N1r1 + N 2 r2
l1−2 = (r2 − r1 )2 + (z2 − z1 )2
2r1 + r2 r1 + 2r2
a= ; b=
6 6
Axisymmetric Problem – Surface TracOon
• The tracOon term is 2π ∫ uT T rdl = qT T e
• Here q=[q1,q2,q3,q4]T e
• And Te=[aTr,aTz, bTr,bTz]
r = N1r1 + N 2 r2
l1−2 = (r2 − r1 )2 + (z2 − z1 )2
2r1 + r2 r1 + 2r2
a= ; b=
6 6
Axisymmetric Problem – Surface TracOon
• The tracOon term is 2π ∫ uT T rdl = qT T e
• Here q=[q1,q2,q3,q4]T e
• And Te=[aTr,aTz, bTr,bTz]
